Multistage treatment of high strength dye wastewater by coagulation and ozonation

Two types of wastewaters from the dye manufacturing process were treated by multistage chemical coagulation combined with ozonation. By using the coagulant iron(II) chloride and a commercial coagulant aid, the majority of COD was removed in advance of ozonation, a similar repeated treatment cycle was performed after settlement of the coagulant in each cycle. Results showed that the optimum concentrations to be used were 2·5% (v/v) iron(II) chloride and 35 mg dm⁻³ coagulant aid. The decolorization efficiency was >99% and the COD elimination was >90%. The multistage combined chemical coagulation ozonation treatment was found to be superior to the single-stage treatment. © 1998 SCI.     

复合型絮凝剂对印染废水的脱色性能研究

研究了由聚合铝铁和助凝剂复合形成的絮凝剂对分散染料和涂料的脱色性能,分析比较了助凝剂用量、废水pH值及絮凝剂的稳定性等因素对絮凝脱色效果和废水沉降速率的影响.结果表明,同其他絮凝剂相比,复合型絮凝剂对分散染料和涂料具有更好和更快的絮凝效果,且投入量少.     

Facile approach for Z-scheme type Pt/g-C3N4/SrTiO3 heterojunction semiconductor synthesis via low-temperature process for simultaneous dyes degradation and hydrogen production

The platinum/graphite-like carbon nitride/strontium titanate (Pt/g-C₃N₄/SrTiO₃) heterojunction semiconductor was synthesized using a facile approach for simultaneous photocatalytic dye degradation and hydrolysis of hydrogen production from simulated dyeing wastewater. Using SrTiO₃, trace Pt, and the addition of an appropriate amount of electron donors, it can effectively absorb sunlight and achieve 93% dye degradation and 471 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹ hydrogen yield. The analysis result indicates that the semiconductor is a Z-scheme type composite. It was also showed that the addition of electron donors effectively promoted the degradation rate, whereas the addition of Pt changed the photocatalytic reaction pathway, which resulted in a reduced degradation rate and a significant improvement of hydrogen evolution. A reaction mechanism for this phenomenon is also proposed.     

TiO2光催化氧化降解印染废水的研究

对TiO₂光催化剂处理实际印染废水的可行性进行了试验研究，探讨了印染废水的CODcr去除率和脱色率随光照时间、光催化剂用量、光照强度、试液初始pH值和H2O2加入浓度等因素影响的变化规律。试验结果表明, TiO2光催化CODcr能有效降解印染废水，使其CODcr和色度显著降低。     

红皮火龙果皮多糖过氧化氢脱色工艺及抑菌活性研究

采用过氧化氢对提取得到的红皮火龙果皮多糖进行脱色,研究过氧化氢浓度、脱色温度和脱色时间对红皮火龙果皮多糖脱色率的影响,采用响应面法对脱色工艺条件进行优化,并对红皮火龙果皮多糖的抑菌活性进行研究。结果表明:在过氧化氢的浓度为4.3%,脱色温度为62℃和脱色时间为109min的条件下,红皮火龙果皮多糖中色素的脱色率和多糖的保留率分别为88.17%和82.39%。红皮火龙果皮多糖对大肠杆菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有较好的抑制作用。     

阳离子型脱色剂对几种染料废水处理效果的研究

研究了阳离子型季铵盐脱色剂BWD-01对毛皮蓝MN-DR、尖板蓝TL-MV和毛皮红BBA三种不同类型染料废水的脱色及COD去除效果,并考察了染料废水pH以及脱色剂投加量对处理效果的影响.结果表明,BWD-01是一种有效的脱色剂,处理三种染料废水脱色率最高达到98.5%,COD去除率可达到87.5%,并且处理效果受废水pH影响不大.     

有机絮凝剂聚环氧氯丙烷胺的脱色性能研究

以环氧氯丙烷和二甲胺为原料,加入交联剂合成了一系列有机絮凝剂。研究了这一系列絮凝剂对活性染料废水和分散染料废水的脱色效果。考察了交联剂种类、絮凝剂黏度、阳离子度及交联剂的加入量等因素对脱色效果的影响,探讨了其脱色机理。实验结果表明,交联剂的加入改变了聚合物的结构使其更容易脱色。一般来说,聚合物黏度越高,阳离子度越大,脱色效果越好。对于活性染料废水,分子质量和阳离子度都是关键因素;对于分散染料废水,最主要的影响因素是分子质量。     

阳离子淀粉絮凝剂制备及脱色性能研究

以马铃薯淀粉为原料,3～氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵为醚化剂,干法工艺制备了季铵型阳离子淀粉絮凝剂(DS=0.099),以荧光黄E-8G染料溶液模拟印染废水,研究了染料浓度、絮凝剂用量、脱色时间和废水pH对脱色率和吸附量的影响.结果表明:阳离子淀粉絮凝剂对碱性印染废水有较好的脱色能力;在废水pH为12.5,染料浓度113.5 mg/L,絮凝剂用量120 mg/L,脱色时间2 h条件下,脱色率达63.2%,吸附量为0.612 mg/mg;絮凝剂对酸性染料分子的吸附符合Langmuir单分子层吸附理论.     

谷氨酸发酵废水电渗析脱盐

采用普通电渗析脱除谷氨酸发酵废水中的无机盐,用活性炭对废水进行预处理,考察了预处理前后废水的电渗析性能. 结果表明,活性炭用量为100和200 g/L时,在60℃下处理30 min,废水的脱色率分别达61%和75%. 预处理前及100和200 g/L活性炭预处理后乳酸迁移量依次降低,谷氨酸迁移率分别为24%, 35%和39%, SO42-迁移率分别为77%, 80%和84%, NH4+迁移率分别为89%, 86%和84%,膜堆电阻依次增加,SO42-脱除率达85%时,能耗分别为4.88, 3.93和3.64 kW×h/kg.     

生化技术在印染废水处理中的应用

研究了印染废水处理的新工艺与最近进展.介绍了废水处理中的物理化学法、化学处理法,重点阐述了废水处理的生物处理法(厌氧法、好氧生物处理法、固定化微生物技术、生物强化技术)的作用机理、处理效果及优缺点,提出了目前印染废水处理领域存在的问题,并对其发展方向进行了展望.