塑木复合材料市场和发泡塑木复合材料

综述了塑木复合材料性能、应用、市场及其预测和发泡塑木复合材料技术、发展动向,重点介绍了发泡塑木复合材料的优点、发泡剂、基础树脂、木纤维和工业化产品。     

Study of different effect on foaming process of biodegradable bionolle in supercritical carbon dioxide

Microcellular foaming of biodegradable Bionolle in supercritical CO₂ has been produced. The effects of a series of variable factors, such as saturation temperature, saturation pressure, and depressurization time and step on the foam structures and density, were studied through measurement of density and SEM observation. The experimental results show that higher saturation temperatures lead to an increase in bulk densities; and different depressurization time and step result in different product cell morphology. In addition, at some saturation temperature, the orientation of the cells can be found in the product morphology. XRD experimental results show that the foaming treatment with SC CO₂ increased the crystallinity of Bionolle. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2901–2906, 2006     

超高压改性对鸡蛋蛋白液起泡及物理性质的影响

采用超高压改性鸡蛋蛋白液,研究了压力、保压时间对蛋白液起泡性质和物理性质的影响结果表明,新鲜蛋白液在350MPa的静水压下处理15min后的起泡性质最好．此外,超高压改性还导致蛋白液的黏度和表面张力呈现升高后又急剧降低的趋势,并能够降低蛋白液的明度.     

耐高温泡沫剂的综合评价与新产品开发

通过泡沫剂的筛选及评价,研制出起泡能力强,稳定性好的耐高温泡沫剂DHF-1。经过300℃,72 h耐温性试验,结果表明其化学性能稳定,对蒸汽驱具有良好的封堵调剖能力,且在残余油条件下,仍然能够起到封堵调剖作用。在孤岛中二区27-531井进行了单井注蒸汽加氮气及高温泡沫剂试验,共注入氮气1.1×105m3,蒸汽2×103t,高温泡沫剂7 t,日产油由实验前的0.8 t.d-1,上升到17 t.d-1左右,含水率由实验前的98.3%下降到52%,达到预期效果。     

有机浆料发泡法制备多孔羟基磷灰石

本文以湿法合成的羟基磷灰石粉体为原料,采用树脂、异氰酸与水发泡工艺制备多孔生物陶瓷材料。采用浆料发泡法制得的生物陶瓷材料具有三维无序孔和二维直通孔复合结构,其总气孔率可达70%～85%;宏观孔径主要分布在0.3～0.6mm之间,微观孔径主要分布在1～3μm之间,抗压强度可达0.85MPa。通过控制烧结温度,可以调节生物陶瓷材料中羟基磷灰石(HAP)和β-磷酸三钙(β-TCP)的成分配比,从而使之满足多孔生物陶瓷材料生物相容性和生物降解性的要求。     

长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱的合成及性能

为了考察长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱的性能，以硬脂酸甲酯、油酸甲酯、11-(3,4-二甲基-苯基)-硬脂酸甲酯、3-二甲胺基丙胺、1,3-丙磺酸内酯为原料，通过两步反应合成了3种长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱，并采用1HNMR及MS进行结构确认。通过表面张力、耐盐性、泡沫性能、油水界面张力性能测试，发现3种长脂肪链酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱均具有良好的表/界面活性、泡沫稳定性、乳化能力及耐盐性；长脂肪链中引入芳烷基增强了11-(3,4-二甲基-苯基)-十八烷基酰胺丙基-N,N-二甲基磺基甜菜碱（C18DAMSB）的表面活性，临界胶束浓度及表面张力分别为1.57×10-5 mol/L、28.98 mN/m，低于油酸酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱（UC18AMP3SB）及硬脂酸酰胺丙基磺基甜菜碱（R18DMSA）；UC18AMP3SB疏水链中的双键使其耐盐性由于优于C18DAMSB和R18DMSA。     

全水发泡硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料技术研究进展

对CFC 11发泡替代技术中全水发泡技术路线进行了分析 ,指出水作为发泡剂存在的优点与不足。着重阐述了全水发泡中几种主要因素如水的用量、聚醚多元醇性质和结构以及异氰酸酯指数对泡沫性能的影响 ,并对国外近些年来全水发泡用聚醚多元醇研究现状进行了详细论述     

露天矿潜孔钻机泡沫发生器的性能实验

为解决露天矿潜孔钻机作业粉尘污染严重的问题,从传统除尘技术应用效果差、耗风量大、取水困难等事实出发,根据泡沫除尘机理及两相泡沫发泡原理,设计了一种适用于露天矿潜孔钻机的泡沫发生器,并对其发泡性能进行研究.通过开展泡沫发生器的泡沫流量、发泡倍数及半衰期等性能实验,确定出影响泡沫发生器发泡性能的主要因素,得出泡沫发生器的最佳工况点.实验结果表明:气体流量、液体流量(气液比)、发泡网及发泡剂质量分数是影响泡沫发生器发泡性能的4个主要因素,在工况为发泡网1、质量分数1.5%的配方2、气体压力0.7 MPa、液体流量18 L/min及气体流量30 m~3/h条件下,泡沫发生器发泡性能达到最佳,其流量为515 L/min,发泡倍数为22,半衰期为65 min.经现场试验,泡沫除尘后采场平均降尘率高达90%以上,应用效果良好.     

新型氟硅表面活性剂的制备及其表面活性

以1,3,5-三甲基-1,3,5-三(3′,3′,3′-三氟丙基)环三硅氧烷(D3F)、八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)、四甲基环四硅氧烷(D4H)、六甲基二硅氧烷(MM)为原料,经酸催化开环聚合制得含氟含氢聚硅氧烷(FPHMS),再和烯丙基聚氧乙烯聚氧丙烯醚(F6)在铂催化下经硅氢加成反应合成了一种新型氟硅表面活性剂(FSS).用红外光谱(IR)对FSS的结构进行了表征,并对FSS的表面性能等进行了测定.结果表明:FSS水溶液的临界胶束浓度(cmc)为1.0g·L-1,cmc处的表面张力(γcmc)为23.5mN·m-1.质量分数为0.5%的FSS水溶液的发泡力为1.53,5min的稳泡性为0.375,对苯的増溶力为13.7,对煤油、50#机油和苯的乳化力分别是9s、27s和28s,在硬水中的稳定性为5级.     

Effect of DAPBO segment on the structure and performance enhancement of powder foamed BTDA-ODA polyimide

Achieving excellent thermal stability, good mechanical strength, and low-density in one product, is a big challenge in the design and synthesis of polyimide (PI) foams. We selected a rigid diamine monomer, 2-(4-aminophenyl)-5-aminobenzoxazole (DAPBO) to partially replace 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) in BTDA-ODA system, and studied the effect on properties of foamed PI products. With various molar ratio between DABPO and ODA (0:5, 1:4, 2:3, 3:2, 4:1, 5:0), the diamine(s) polymerized with 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride (BTDA) and produced six PI precursors (PAE-0 ~ PAE-5). After foaming and thermal imidization, corresponding PI foams (PI-0 ~ PI-5) prepared. Among them, PI-3 has a glass transition temperature of 386°C, which is 95°C higher than PI-0, and its compressive strength reaches 1.32 MPa. Moreover, PI-3 has a uniform cell structure with an average pore size of ~200 μm. The analysis results show that PI-3 is in a transition state from amorphous to partial crystalline, maintaining a balance between flexibility and rigidity. The addition of DABPO not only increases the rigidity of polymer molecular segments, but also introduces N and O atoms that can form intermolecular hydrogen bonds between molecules, which increases the packing density and arrangement regularity of polymer molecules.