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11.
本文系统地研究了淋洗剂强度、用量和有机改性剂的加入对固相萃取水中多环芳烃回收率的影响。研究表明,二氯甲烷和苯的洗脱效果较好,回收率为86%-99%;当淋洗剂的用量超过1.5ml时,对多环芳烃的回收率没有明显的影响,向自来水样中加入20%有机改性剂可明显改善多环芳烃的回收效果,使回收率达到89%-102%。 相似文献
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城市秋季大气PM10中的有机污染特征研究--以北京市西北城区为例 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
使用大流量采样仪在北京西北城区采集了大气中可吸入颗粒物(PM10)样品,利用CCl4和CH4Cl3对样品中的可溶有机物进行萃取分离,结果表明虽然PM10的总质量浓度变化较大,但可溶有机物的质量浓度变化很小。应用气相色谱(GC),气相色谱/质谱(GC/MS)对可溶有机物中饱和烃、芳烃的组成和分布特征进行了分析。西北城区大气中含有种类繁多的由化石燃料不完全燃烧所产生的饱和烃类污染物,这表明化石燃料不完全燃烧对西北城区大气的污染有很大影响。GC/MS分析还检测出了100多种多环芳烃(PAHs),其中有10种是属于美国国家环保局(US—EPA)优先控制污染物,怀疑具有致癌性。由机动车排放的苯并[k]萤蒽的浓度在这些优先控制污染物中浓度最高,所以由机动车尾气带来的污染也是一个重要方面。 相似文献
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Marcia C. Delpech Ivana L. Mello Fernanda C. S. Delgado Jurandir M. Sousa 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2012,125(5):4074-4081
The extender oil usually employed in compositions of rubbers based on styrene and butadiene (SBR) 1712 is the distilled aromatic extract (DAE). In this work, this oil was substituted by oils with low levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): treated residual aromatic extract (TRAE) and two naphthenic oils from different suppliers (HN1 and HN2). This substitution was performed in response to REACH Regulation (EC No. 1907/2006 European Parliament and the Council of December 18, 2006, Annex XVII), which state that the sum of individual PAHs should be below 10 mg/kg and the levels of benzo (a) pyrene (BaP) should not exceed 1 mg/kg. Infrared spectroscopy was employed to characterize the structure of crude oils and respective SBR compositions. Thermal properties of the materials were evaluated by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Mechanical properties as tension tests, hardness, abrasion resistance, and resilience were also determined. The final results showed that it is possible to replace the extender oil DAE for any of the oils tested, specially the naphthenic HN1, without any loss of the properties evaluated in this study for the SBR compositions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 相似文献
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Abdullah Akdoğan Oğuz Gürsoy 《Food additives & contaminants. Part A, Chemistry, analysis, control, exposure & risk assessment》2020,37(3):391-400
ABSTRACTPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ingested with foods and cause toxicities for humans. Yoghurt is one of the main foods that mediate PAH ingestion. Yan?k yoghurt, a traditional strained yoghurt, can contain PAHs due to its production process. Therefore, the concentration and types of four polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Yan?k yoghurt samples were collected from different shops in Denizli, Turkey. For the method validation, the Eurachem guide (second edition) was adopted. Accordingly, linearity, working range, limits of detection (LOD), quantification (LOQ), precision and trueness values were set. Due to the selected validation parameters, the limit for detection was between 0.03 ng g?1and 0.05 ng g?1while the limit for quantification was between 0.10 ng g?1 and 0.16 ng g?1. Recovery rates higher than 83.80 % were obtained for four PAHs at two spiked concentrations (2.0 and 5.0 ng g?1). Five Yan?k yoghurt samples and one commercial concentrated yoghurt sample were successfully analysed using the validated method. 相似文献
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Pleurotus ostreatus spent mushroom substrate for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: the case study of a pilot dynamic biopile for the decontamination of a historically contaminated soil 下载免费PDF全文
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Preliminary analysis was performed to assess contamination levels in roadside soils, distribution behavior and human exposure with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) during summer, winter, rainy, and autumn during 2013 in one of the developing cities of northern India. The concentration of PAHs was measured at ten different locations (at 1, 2, and 3 m) from roadside soil. Recovery range was 30% and 80% with lower value corresponding to the lower molecular weight PAHs compound. Identification and quantification of PAHs was done by GC-FID. Average PAHs concentration (city average) was found to be 16.53, 4.04, 17.49, and 7.82 μg g?1, during summer, winter, autumn, and the rainy seasons, respectively. Average concentration of low and high carcinogenic PAHs during summer, winter, autumn, and rainy was 5.1 and 31.29, 2.1 and 6.4, 4.74 and 35.08, 3.97 and 12.77μg g?1, respectively. The average ratio of low and high carcinogenic PAHs was found to be 1:6, 1:3, 1:7.6, and 1:3.21 during summer, winter, autumn, and the rainy seasons at most intercepts. Dib(ah)A and B(a)P were the two individual PAHs found in highest concentration during summer, winter, and the rainy seasons, whereas B(a)P and IP were individual PAHs found in highest concentration during autumn. It was also analyzed that high carcinogenic PAHs concentration was quite higher (around 85%) in comparison to low carcinogenic PAHs (around 15%) at most intercepts. This article also deals with the behavior of PAHs at places of average/high population and traffic density intercepts. Five-ringed PAHs were in highest concentration at all intercepts and seasons. Two-tailed T test was applied for authenticity of the data and results. Toxic equivalency factor of B(a)P and Dib(ah)A was maximum as compared to other PAHs. 相似文献
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Bhupander Kumar V. K. Verma Jyoti Tyagi C. S. Sharma A. B. Akolkar 《Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds》2016,36(5):729-744
This study aims to investigate the level of priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and identification of their potential sources in residential soils. During the study, a total 36 soil samples collected from twelve residential locations at Sahibabad-Ghaziabad area of western Uttar Pradesh, India, a constituted part of the National Capital Region of India. Samples extracted using ultrasonication, cleaned with silica and analyzed by diode array detector–high-performance liquid chromatography using acetonitrile/water as mobile phase. The 25th and 75th percentile concentration of ∑PAHs was 264 μg kg?1 and 584 μg kg?1, respectively, with mean and median of 445 μg kg?1 and 421 μg kg?1. The detection frequency of PAHs in all samples was lower for low molecular weight PAHs (19%) than high molecular weight PAHs (81%). The concentration of seven probable carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 67% of the ∑PAHs. PAHs toxicity potential as benzo(a)pyrene toxicity equivalent ranged between 2.52–253 μg BaPTEQ kg?1. Composition profile of PAHs with different aromatic rings and selected diagnostic molecular ratios suggested the local pyrogenic sources of PAHs from vehicular emissions, diesel engines, biomass combustion, gasoline, and coal combustions. 相似文献