盐湖沉积储层孔隙结构特征及演化模式--以马王庙油田为例

盐湖沉积条件下的沉积环境及储集层特征等具有与淡水沉积不同的特征,通过对江汉盐湖盆地马王庙地区储层孔隙结构特征的研究,揭示了孔隙结构的宏观及微观特征.该区新沟咀组下段砂岩储层孔隙类型以粒间溶孔为主,喉道主要为片状、弯片状及点状喉道.Ⅱ、Ⅲ油组的物性比Ⅰ油组好,平面上孔隙分布具分区性.孔喉配置主要为大孔中喉,次为大孔粗喉及中孔中喉.孔隙结构受沉积环境及成岩作用的影响.以马36井Ⅱ油组砂岩为例,建立了孔隙演化定量模式.     

蒸发冷凝法中气体压强和蒸发温度对粒子大小的影响

在Ｎ＿２气氛中，用蒸发冷凝法，制备了Ｓｎ细微粒和Ｆｅ及Ｆｅ－４７（ｗｔ）％Ｎｉ合金超细微粒。分别用ＳＥＭ和ＴＥＭ，直接观测粒子大小及其分布。结果表明，平均粒径不是随Ｎ＿２气压强增加单调上升，而是在某一压强Ｐ＿（ｍａｘ）下，出现最大值。随蒸发温度提高，Ｐ＿（ｍａｘ）值迅速增大。粒子大小及其分布与粒子生长机制密切相关。对粒子凝聚生长条件进行了简要讨论。     

平均声压级近似计算误差分析

本文用凸集理论分析了平均声压级近似计算的误差,导出了最大误差计算公式,指出了测量数据在何种状态下误差达到最大值。     

管状带式输送机输送量与管径的计算

简要地阐述管状带式输送机的输送能力、管径、带宽的计算方法.     

Mechanics of sintering materials with bimodal pore distribution. III. Kinetics of sintering combined with various forms of loading and adhesion conditions

A study has been made on the effects of loading scheme and conditions restricting macroscopic strain on the work-hardening kinetics and strain accumulation in the solid state in sintering materials with bimodal pore size distributions. Active loading intensifies the reduction in the small pores. The greatest effect comes from combining sintering with hydrostatic compression. At the same time, kinematic constraints (partial or complete adhesion in surfaces) substantially retards the shrinkage of large pores, which means that the porous structure can be controlled. __________ Translated from Poroshkovaya Metallurgiya, Nos. 5–6(449), pp. 10–15, May–June, 2006.     

Gasification reactivity of charcoal with CO2. Part I: Conversion and structural phenomena

The gasification reaction of fir charcoal with CO₂ was studied by isothermal thermogravimetric analysis under kinetic control. The derived reaction rate (r=dX/dt) as a function of the converted carbon mass (X) was compared with random pore model predictions and found to be much higher at elevated conversion levels than predicted by theory. Similar enhanced reaction rate behaviour was evidenced after removing the natural alkali catalyst from the charcoal by acid washing, suggesting that with untreated charcoal the late reaction rate contribution stems from both, catalytic and additional structure effects. Literature attributes the unpredicted late reaction rate behaviour to the disintegration of the porous char particle into small fragments, which, in line with percolation theory predictions, seems to occur only after a critical conversion level has been reached. However, our gasification data reveal a gradual rise in the charcoal reactivity thereafter, suggesting a breaking up (embrittlement) of the solid phase accompanied by the exposure of fresh surface area from fracturing. The original random pore model derivation given by Bhatia and Perlmutter is extended to account also for these peculiarities and the resulting kinetic relation described our reaction rate data well over the entire conversion range.     

平均不等式有趣应用几例

介绍了平均不等式在数学证明中的几例有趣应用。     

喇8-182井区聚合物驱不可及孔隙体积研究

喇嘛甸油田喇8-182井区高Ⅱ1-18油层渗透率低、物性差,属于三类油层,是聚合物驱的主力接替潜力层。文中在油层性质对比分析的基础上,应用计算法和数值模拟方法研究了高Ⅱ1-18油层的聚合物驱不可及孔隙体积并进行了对比。研究结果表明,计算法简单易行,成本低,能够充分考虑分子量、矿化度等的影响;但这种方法只考虑了由于孔隙直径过小而导致的不可及孔隙体积,无法表达由于压力梯度不足而造成的不可及孔隙体积,因此计算结果偏小,只适合于分子量的初步优选。数值模拟方法充分考虑了启动压力梯度和压力场的影响,计算结果更加符合实际情况,适合于在已经初步选定分子量范围的情况下,模拟不可及孔隙体积。不可及孔隙体积随注入速度增加而减小,高Ⅱ1-18油层不可及孔隙体积在0.2～0.3之间。最后建议喇8-182井区聚合物驱注入速度控制在0.2PV/a以内。     

LD-LF-CC生产45^#质量研究与实践

莱钢采用LD-LF-CC（方坯连铸）生产45^#钢铸坯质量存在较多问题,主要是表面气孔数量多、轧材顶锻裂纹等。从对顶锻裂纹缺陷进行金相分析、扫描电镜分析出发,研究45^#钢铸坯表面气孔形成的原因;生产实践中,通过采取控制钢中气体含量的措施,使45^#钢铸坯质量得到全面改善。     

A graded diameter and oriented nanorod–thin film structure for solar cell application: a device proposal

This paper presents a device proposal based on a junction between an absorbing semiconductor nanorod structure and another window semiconductor layer for solar cell application. The possibility of band gap tuning by varying the diameter of the nanorods along the length, higher absorption coefficient at nanodimensions, the presence of a strong electrical field at the nanorod-window semiconductor nanojunctions and the carrier confinement in lateral direction are expected to result in enhanced absorption and collection efficiency in the proposed device. Process steps, feasibility, technological tasks needed for the realization of the proposed structure and the novelty of the present structure in comparison to the already reported nanostructured solar cells are also discussed.