压力容器环焊缝事故率高的剖析及对策

本文从压力容器设计、制造及标准三方面分析了压力容器环焊缝事故率高的原因,提出了相应的对策。希压力容器有关工程技术人员要充分重视压力容器环焊缝的质量问题,以确保压力容器的安全使用。     

压力容器与气瓶在材料检验方面异同点的分析

分析了压力容器与气瓶在材料检验方面的异同点，并提出了一些建议。     

衬钛反应塔可靠性分析

从衬钛反应塔的结构出发,对基板和衬里两个方面影响设备安全的可靠性进行了初步的探讨,并据此对类似容器评定提出基体强度层影响作为参考,关键以衬里完好性能作为判据来设定设备安全等级。     

ICP-MS法测定陶瓷容器中重金属元素的研究

采用电感耦合等离子体—质谱(ICP—MS)法同时测定了陶瓷容器中重金属元素PB、CA、Cr、Ni，对影响其测量的各种因素进行了较为详细的研究，确定了实验的最佳测定条件。结果表明，方法的检出限为0．002—0．008μg/L，回收率为90．0％-110．0％，RSD小于9．21％。该法准确、快速、简便，应用于陶瓷容器中重金属元素的测定，结果满意。     

压力容器制造中材料代用的常见问题分析

就压力容器制造过程中常常遇到的材料代用问题进行综合分析,并阐述了相应观点。     

压力容器应力应变在线测量系统研究

应用Ｖｉｓｕａｌ Ｂａｓｉｃ软件开发了一套压力容器的应力采集与处理系统，将ＩＢＭ－３８６微机与ＹＪＤ－１７型应变仪联机，用微机来控制测点应变的采集与处理，并将大型结构分析软件ＳＡＰ５嵌入本系统。     

薄壁内压容器静强度的模糊可靠度与安全系数

应用基于模糊数学与常规可靠性理论相结合的模糊可靠性设计方法,讨论钢制薄壁内压容器模糊静强度在不同工况时,有关标准可接受的模糊可靠度范围;对钢制薄壁内压容器静强度的模糊可靠度范围与安全系数的关系进行研究。分析认为容器静强度在满足最小模糊可靠度要求的前提下,可取屈服安全系数ns≥1.55与抗拉安全系数nb≥1.95。     

Gas hold-up, mixing time and gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient of various multiple-impeller configurations: Rushton turbine, pitched blade and techmix impeller and their combinations

Gas hold-up, mixing intensity of dispersion characterised by exchange flows between adjacent impellers and a volumetric mass transfer coefficient are presented for 18 impeller configurations in triple-impeller vessel of inner diameter . Rushton Turbines, six Pitched Blade impellers pumping down and hydrofoil impellers Techmix 335 (Techmix co., Czech republic) pumping up or down and their combinations were used. aqueous solution was used as a liquid phase, which represents non-coalescent batches. Gas hold-ups and volumetric mass transfer coefficients are presented for individual configurations as functions of specific power dissipated and superficial gas velocity. The regression of the mass transfer coefficients shows large standard deviation (30%). The power number included to the regression to express the impeller configuration effect did not improve the standard deviation significantly (23%). The impeller configurations with low power number (less than unity) provide higher dispersion mixing intensities, while the impeller configurations with high power number provide better mass transfer performance.     

带有中间储罐的塔用于间歇萃取精馏

Batch extractive distillation was studied in a column with a middle vessel. The process was simulated by a constant holdup model and solved by two point implicit method. Acetone and methanol mixture was separated in such a setup using water as solvent. The simulation agrees well with experimental results. The experimental and simulation results show that the solvent at the bottom and the product at the top of the column can be withdrawn simultaneously for a long period of time. It needs more time for the solvent to reach high purity than that required for the more volatile component to reach high purity, so that the time to withdraw solvent from the bottom is delayed.     

小型密闭压力容器法中试验条件对分解反应程度的影响

(dp/dt)max是小型密闭压力容器法（MCPVT）中用来表征自反应物质受热分解反应激烈程度的物理量。本文在大量实验的基础上，通过线性回归推导出了X（样品容器容积V、升温速率R及样品质量m）与（dp/dt)max的数学关系式，已知X0时的(dp/dt)max0,就可求得任意X下的（dp/dt)max，与实测值比较，结果表明，利用该关系式计算的结果较为可靠，从而为MCPVT最终成为国际上评价自反应物质受热分解反应激烈程度标准方法奠定了基础。