Photoinitiated cationic polymerization using a novel phenacyl anilinium salt

A novel phenacyl anilinium salt, N-phenacyl, N,N-dimethylanilinium hexafluoroantimonate, (PDA), has been synthesized and used as photoinitiator for cationic polymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO), butyl vinyl ether (BVE) and N-vinyl carbazol (NVC). Plausible mechanism of the photoinitiation involves the decay of the excited PDA with both heterolytic and homolytic cleavages of carbon-nitrogen bond. Thus, phenacylium cations formed directly or subsequent intermolecular electron transfer, respectively, initiate the polymerization.     

铝合金电磁铸造工艺参数的研究

通过近似计算和试验确定了工程规模的铝合金电磁铸造（ＥＭＣ）基本工艺参数如感应器电流、电压、频率、功能消耗等一液柱高度及稳定性的关系，设计制造了ＥＭＣ装置，成功地铸造了截面直径为０．１８ｍ，０．１１×０．０５ｍ，０．５２×０．１３ｍ的铝及铝合金锭和扁锭。     

察尔汗盐湖镁资源的开发及展望

察尔汗盐湖不仅具有丰富的镁资源，而且具有开发盐湖的能源，政策优势，由脱水氯化镁可制得多种镁产品。氯化镁脱水技术，氯化镁制金属镁技术是综合开发盐湖水镁资源的关键技术，将纳米技术应用于盐湖镁资源的开发，使镁产品高值化，精细化，将是察尔汗盐湖镁资源的开发方向。     

OPS和OPC系列稠油乳化降黏剂的研制

以工业品烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚OP-n（n=4,6,8,10,15）为起始原料,合成了烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚乙酸盐OPC-n和磺酸盐OPS-n两个系列的阴-非离子表面活性剂。以酸值和黏度不同的胜利单家寺和陈庄稠油为实验油样。将OPC-n和OPS-n溶于矿化度5811 mg/kg的胜利标准盐水和NaCl、CaCl2盐水中作为水相,按油、水质量比7∶3在50℃用玻棒搅拌混合,观察是否形成水包油乳状液并测黏度进行确认。在胜利标准盐水溶液中,OPC-n和OPS-n乳化稠油所需的最低质量分数,随稠油、表面活性剂类型及氧乙烯链节数n而变,一般而言,OPC-n系列中的OPC-8和OPS-n系列中的OPS-4乳化稠油的性能最好,该最低质量分数值分别为0.05%或0.025%和0.025%。在NaCl盐水溶液中,OPC-n的该最低质量分数值与稠油和n有关,均随盐含量增加而增大,在盐含量≤15%时,抗盐性最好的OPC-8和OPC-10的该值≤0.05%;OPS-n的抗盐性好于OPC-n。OPC-n的抗钙性良好,钙盐含量为2%时该最低质量分数≤0.1%;OPS-n的抗钙性更好,钙盐含量为2%和3%时该最低质量分数仅为0.025%或0.05%。表6参5。     

无机熔盐中脉冲铝镀层的研究

在190℃的AlCl3-NaCl—KCl共融盐中，对321型不锈钢板进行脉冲镀和直流镀。在钢板上获得银白色铝镀层。X射线衍射结果表明，两种情况均得面心立方结构的铝，但由脉冲镀所得的铝晶粒较小。对镀层进行性能测试分析。发现同为厚10μm的铝镀层，脉冲镀层硬度比由直流镀层高65HV，且脉冲镀层在耐蚀性和与不锈钢基体的的结合力上明显优于直流镀层.     

A simple correlation for estimating viscosities of solutions of salts in aqueous,non-aqueous and mixed solvents applicable to high concentration,temperature and pressure

A new correlation is proposed to correlate the viscosities of salt solutions in aqueous, non-aqueous solvents and their mixtures. The correlation involves two parameters i.e. solvation number and ion-solvent interaction coefficient, which are well-documented quantities in the literature. The proposed correlation has been examined on the experimental viscosity data of salt solutions in aqueous, non-aqueous and their mixtures up to 473 K and 31 MPa pressure. The salts with various ionic charges were employed for testing the proposed correlation. Several non-aqueous solvents like dimethyl sulphoxide, alcohols and formamide were included for the data regression. The viscosities of these solutions can be correlated to within 0.7%.     

高炉炉缸内铁水环流与内衬侵蚀

从分析中心焦柱在炉缸内的受力出发，计算了１０００￣５５８０ｍ＾３高炉大喷煤前后中心焦柱在炉缸铁水内的沉入深度，分析了炉缸内铁水环流的产生与炉缸内衬侵的关系，分析表明大喷煤有得利抑制铁水环流对缸内补的冲刷，提出了降低铁水环流对炉缸内衬侵蚀的途径。     

快速钨铼热电偶的测温误差

本文用热电偶误差计算的通用方法（极限误差表达法）分析了构成快速钨铼热电偶测温误差的因素，从量的角度探讨了各因素对总的误差的影响，对如何认识快速钨铼热电偶的测温精度，提出了可供参考的观点。     

Thermophysical properties data on molten semiconductors

Thermophysical properties of molten semiconductors are reviewed. Published data for viscosity, thermal conductivity, surface tension, and other properties are presented. Several measurement methods often used for molten semiconductors are described. Recommended values of thermophysical properties are tabulated for Si, Ge, GaAs, InP, InSb, GaSb, and other compounds. This review shows that further measurements of thermophysical properties of GaAs and InP in the molten state are required. It is also indicated that a very limited amount of data on emissivity is available. Space experiments relating to thermophysical property measurements are described briefly.Nomenclature Density - C _p Specific heat - Kinematic viscosity - Dynamic viscosity= - Thermal diffusivity - Thermal conductivity=C_p - Volumetric thermal expansion coefficient - Surface tension - d/dT Temperature coefficient of surface tension - g Gravitational acceleration - T Temperature - T Temperature difference - L Characteristic dimension     

新型陶瓷与熔融盐复合蓄热材料优化组合的数值模拟

将高温熔融盐相变蓄热材料和陶瓷固相蓄热材料进行复合 ,成功地研制成了能快速吸热和放热且蓄热密度高、蓄热量大的新型复合蓄热材料。分别以Al2 O3 ,MgO ,SiC为代表的陶瓷材料与 6 0LiF 40NaF ,5 0LiF 5 0KF ,6 0 .1NaCl 39.9MgCl2 ,LiH等为代表的 10余种高温熔融盐材料为复合研究对象 ,对复合蓄热材料的蓄热密度等与温度、复合材料中熔融盐的含量、材料种类间的关系进行了数值模拟研究 ,得到了对复合材料的优化设计具有指导意义的结论