微孔聚丙烯膜表面季铵化及其抗菌性能

为了赋予微孔聚丙烯膜(MPPM)抗菌能力,发展了一种有效的表面季铵化方法。基于紫外光引发丙烯酸的接枝聚合,通过碳二亚胺活化,将聚亚乙基亚胺(PEI)共价固定于MPPM表面,用环氧丙烷对PEI链上的伯胺和仲胺进行叔胺化,最后再和苄氯反应,成功地使MPPM表面季铵化。采用FTIR、XPS、荧光素二钠盐染色和水接触角对膜进行了表征。采用平板活菌计数法考察了季铵化膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌性能。结果显示,季铵化膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均具有强的抗菌活性;增加膜表面阳离子密度或延长接触时间,均能有效提高膜的抗菌能力。     

氯甲基聚苯乙烯树脂接枝聚季铵盐型杀菌剂的制备及其杀菌性能

以氯甲基聚苯乙烯(氯球)树脂为活性载体,采用两步法:氯球树脂先与聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)反应合成表面接枝PEI的PEI/氯球树脂;再以异丙醇为溶剂,用1-溴代十二烷和1-溴代正丁烷将PEI/氯球树脂季铵化,合成了表面固载高浓度长链烷基季铵盐的聚季铵盐型树脂(QPEI/氯球树脂)。用SEM和XPS等手段表征了树脂的表面形态和化学组成。采用填充柱法对QPEI/氯球树脂进行了杀菌性能测试,以异养菌为杀菌活性评价对象,用平皿计数法测定待测水样中活细菌的数目,QPEI/氯球树脂显示出良好的杀菌性能;并考察了QPEI/氯球树脂的再生性能,再生后其杀菌能力基本不变。     

聚乙烯亚胺对硫代硫酸盐镀银的影响

以往就聚乙烯亚胺用作光亮剂对硫代硫酸盐镀银的影响研究不够。为此,在硫代硫酸盐体系加入聚乙烯亚胺制备了银镀层,采用SEM、XRD及阴极极化等技术研究了聚乙烯亚胺对镀层表面形貌、晶粒结构、硬度及镀液阴极极化的影响。结果表明:聚乙烯亚胺的加入可以增大镀液的阴极极化,显著细化晶粒,使银镀层的硬度增大、防变色能力得到提高,当加入0.06～0.08 g/L聚乙烯亚胺时银镀层性能最佳。     

聚乙烯亚胺乳化型AKD乳液的制备及施胶性能的研究

以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为乳化剂乳化AKD蜡粉,制备PEI型AKD施胶剂,优化了乳化工艺条件,并进行了施胶应用和中试生产。实验结果表明,当m(PEI)∶m(AKD蜡粉)=1∶6,pH值为3,乳化温度70℃,乳化时间10min时,AKD乳液的粒径和Zeta电位分别为1184nm和52.1mV。将该AKD乳液用于施胶,当用量为0.2%时,成纸施胶度可达68s。中试产品自然风干和下机后施胶熟化率分别为12%和87%,与阳离子淀粉型施胶产品相比,PEI型AKD施胶剂熟化快、施胶度高。     

堵剂聚乙烯亚胺冻胶成冻影响因素研究

研究了聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)交联的聚合物强冻胶(强凝胶)的成冻性能.成冻液用4.0 g/L,NaCl盐水配制.组分选择结果如下从冻胶90℃、2个月稳定性考虑,在4种聚合物中,M=8.0×106、HD=5%的HPAM DF800 最好,M=1.5×104 的PEI QL-1001-C3好于M=3×103 的QL-1001-C1.发表了DF800/QL-1001-C3体系在75℃、90℃、105℃下的成冻时间(形成G级凝胶的时间)等值图和突破真空度(冻胶强度)等值图.及1.5%/1.2%、1.2%/0.6%、0.9%/0.3%的DF800/QL-1001-C3体系在3个温度下的2项性能数据,表明PEI冻胶的成冻规律与一般冻胶相同,即聚合物、交联荆用量增大,成冻温度升高,则成冻时间缩短,成冻强度增大.pH值6～7时成冻时间较短.配液盐水中NaCl浓度由5.0 g/L增至30 g/L时,1.2%/0.6%体系成冻时间延长,成冻强度下降.碳酸钙、石英砂对该体系的成冻性能无影响.PEI毒性小,推荐该体系用于海上油田堵水调剖.图8表4参7.     

Strong Ti3C2Tx MXene-Based Composite Films Fabricated through Bioinspired Bridging for Flexible Energy Storage Devices

Flexible energy storage device is one of the most critical components as power source for wearable electronics. The emergence of MXenes, a growing family of 2D nanomaterials, has demonstrated a brand-new possibility for flexible energy storage. However, the fabrication of MXene films with satisfactory mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical reliabilities remains challenging due to the weak interlayer interactions and self-restacking of MXene sheets. Sequential bridging of polydopamine/polyethyleneimine-functionalized (PDA/PEI)-coated MXene sheets to induce synergistically covalent and hydrogen binding connections of MXene-based films is demonstrated here. By interrupting self-hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions, the introduction of long-chain PEI can not only inhibit the massive aggregation of PDA, but also improve the continuity of the interconnection network of PDA/PEI between MXene layers. Hence, the as-prepared MXene/PDA/PEI composite film displays high mechanical strength (≈366 MPa) which achieves 12-fold improvement compared with pure MXene film, as well as superior energy storage capability (≈454 F g⁻¹ at 5 mV s⁻¹) and rate performance of ≈48% at 10 000 mV s⁻¹. This modulation of inserted polymer between MXene layers can provide an avenue for assembling high performance MXene films, and can even be extended to the fabrication of other 2D platelets for varied applications.     

聚乙烯亚胺氨基化磁性氧化石墨烯的制备及其对活性艳红X-3B的吸附

使用改性hummers法制备出氧化石墨烯(GO),通过水热法在GO上生长磁性CoFe₂O₄,再使用聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)进行氨基改性,制备出聚乙烯亚胺氨基化磁性氧化石墨烯(PEI-MGO)。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对PEI-MGO的结构和微观形貌进行表征。结果表明:纳米级尖晶石相CoFe₂O₄均匀分散于GO上,且氨基改性成功。探讨了PEI-MGO对水体中活性艳红X-3B的吸附性能。结果表明:在活性艳红X-3B初始质量浓度为150mg/L、体积为100mL、吸附剂质量为0.04g、pH值为1、吸附时间为60min时达到平衡,平衡吸附量为361.15mg/g。PEI-MGO对活性艳红X-3B的饱和吸附量为470.58mg/g。磁分离和磁回收研究表明,PEI-MGO能快速从水体中分离,回收率为98.6%。     

反义寡核苷酸-聚乙烯亚胺纳米微粒逆转耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌耐药性的研究

目的 以聚乙烯亚胺(polyethyleneimine, PEI) 为载体, 将硫代寡聚脱氧核苷酸(PS-ODNs) 转染到耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus, MRSA) 体内, 通过药效学观察PS-ODNs 逆转MRSA 对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性。方法 制备PEI 与PS-ODNs 结合的纳米微粒(PEI-ODNs 纳米微粒) ;PEI-ODNs 纳米微粒的粒径分析及结合率的测定;平板克隆形成实验计数菌落数(CFU) ;微量法测定细菌生长曲线;液体稀释法测定细菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)。结果 PEI-ODNs 纳米微粒的粒径为(85±22) nm, PEI与PS-ODNs 的结合率最高为(97.3±1.1) %。含苯唑西林(6 mg L) 的M-H 琼脂板上, 30 μg/mL 的PEI-ODNs 纳米微粒组MRSA 的菌落数为6.4×108 mL, 而空白对照组的菌落数为3.3×109 mL,二者相比给药组菌落数明显减少, 差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01), 而其他对照组与空白对照组比较差异无统计学意义。实验结果显示PEIODNs纳米微粒组的苯唑西林对MRSA 生长有抑制作用, 30 μg/mL 的PEI-ODNs 纳米微粒可将苯唑西林对MRSA 最小抑菌浓度由1 024 μg/mL 降低至16 μg/mL。结论 PEI 与PS-ODNs 的结合率很高且粒径较小, PS-ODNs 可以部分逆转MRSA 对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性。药效学结果显示PEI 可以有效地将反义寡核苷酸转入MRSA 体内, 可考虑将其作为反义寡核苷酸进入细菌的载体。     

Controlled accommodation of metal nanostructures within the matrices of polymer architectures through solution-based synthetic strategies

Controlled accommodation of metal nanostructures (MNSs) into the matrix of a well-defined polymer architecture offers an effective approach to achieve hierarchically structured nanocomposites with tunable synergistic properties to broaden application potentials in the emerging fields of energy, environmental science, and medicine. This review focuses on the recently developed zero-dimensional and one-dimensional MNSs@polymer hybrid nanostructures obtained by solution-based synthetic strategies. Progress in the controlled synthesis of those hybrid nanostructures in terms of the number (e.g., monomer, dimer and trimer), organization manner (e.g., linear alignment or confined assembly in certain domains), and spatial arrangement (e.g., in the core and shell) of the MNSs within the distinct polymer matrices are detailed. The synergistic properties and potential applications of those MNSs@polymer hybrids associated with their compositions and morphologies are also reviewed.