Seismic performance of steel frames with reduced beam section connections

Reduced beam section (RBS) moment resisting connections are among the most economical and practical rigid steel connections developed in the aftermath of the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake. Although extensive experimental testing and some numerical simulations have shed light on the behavior of this type of connection, system level studies of RBS steel frames are still quite limited. As part of this research, nonlinear pushover and transient analyses of 4-, 8-, and 16-story frames with RBS connections are conducted with the objective of developing a better understanding of RBS frame behavior and exercising as well as critiquing the recently published FEMA-350 design specifications. The analyses confirm that in spite of inherently low overstrength, RBS frames are capable of economically providing good seismic performance in regions of high seismic risk. Other structural behavior issues with design implications are also discussed.     

150柴油机瞬态特性分析研究

以150涡轮增压柴油机为研究对象,针对加速换档过程中冒烟严重现象,对整车试验中柴油机瞬态运行工况进行分析。在保证稳态性能的同时,提出改善技术措施,并通过台架试验验证柴油机瞬态特性得到较好改善。     

Fundamental error analysis and geometric interpretation for block truncation coding techniques

Various variants and hybrid approaches evolved from the origin of Delp and Mitchell's block truncation coding (BTC) or moment preserving quantizer (MPQ) have formed a niche as an effective and simple image compression methodology with attractive coding performance achieved at moderate bitrates. As BTC is still lacking a fundamental error analysis, in this paper we present some fundamental insights regarding one-bit (or two-level) BTC's truncation error by providing mathematical analysis as well as novel geometric interpretation. We further show that the mean-square error (MSE) of Lema and Mitchell's absolute moment block truncation coding (AMBTC) is always bounded below (i.e., less than or equal to) that of BTC. Therefore, with additional advantages in computation and implementation, AMBTC is always superior. Furthermore, we developed a new adaptive equal sign position optimization (ESPO) algorithm for optimum pixel classification. Our quantization error analysis shows that incorporating the ESPO algorithm into conventional AMBTC or BTC achieves minimum MSE in either case.     

A two-stage empirical Bayes method for identifying differentially expressed genes

Due to the high dimensionality of microarray gene expression data and complicated correlations in gene expression levels, statistical methods for analyzing these data often are computationally intensive, requiring special expertise for their implementation. Biologists without such expertise will benefit from a computationally efficient and easy-to-implement analytic method. In this article, we develop such a method: a two-stage empirical Bayes method for identifying differentially expressed genes. We use a special technique to reduce the dimension of the parameter space in the preliminary stage, and construct a Bayesian model in the second stage. The computation of our method is efficient and requires little calibration for real microarray gene expression data. Specifically, we employ statistical tools, including the empirical Bayes estimation and a distribution approximation approach, to speed up computation and at the same time to preserve precision. We develop a score for evaluating the magnitude of the overall differential gene expression levels based on our Bayesian model, and declare differential expression according to the posterior probabilities that their scores exceed some threshold value. The number of declarations is determined by a false discovery rate procedure.     

Seismic performance evaluation of steel moment resisting frames through incremental dynamic analysis

Earthquake hazards effect significant damage to structures and cause widespread failure throughout buildings. Moment resisting frames are widely used as lateral resisting systems when sufficient ductility is to be met. Generally three types of moment resisting frames are designed in practice namely Special, Intermediate and Ordinary Moment Frames, each of which has certain level of ductility. Comparative studies on the seismic performance of these three different types of structure are performed in this study. Analytical models of connections are employed including panel zone and beam to column joint model. Incremental dynamic analysis is then utilized to assess the structural dynamic behavior of the frames and to generate required data for performance based evaluations. Maximum annual probability of exceeding different limit states may reveal the superiority of a ductile structure in which a greater behavior factor is employed. Special moment resisting frames are expected to perform better once a certain level of ductility is to be met but the amount of superiority may be the subject of investigation especially from a performance based design standpoint.     

三角形荷载作用下烟囱圆板基础环壁内的上部弯矩分析

烟囱圆板基础在三角形荷载作用下,按《烟囱设计规范》（GB50051—2002）计算底板反力p,用此值计算环壁以内底板上部两个正交方向单位宽度的弯矩设计值时,发现与实际受力相差较大。本文根据有限元程序分析圆板在三角形荷载作用下的实际弯矩。同时,通过进一步的分析比较,建议采用本文所述的实用计算方法进行计算。与规范计算公式相比,本文方法可减少配筋。     

复杂环境中短波天线的MoM/FDTD混合法分析

利用电磁场数值计算方法中的矩量法/时域有限差分（MoM/FDTD）混合方法,分析了复杂环境中短波天线的电磁辐射性能,建立了短波双极天线的自由空间模型。采用矩量法和时域有限差分法相结合,对其模型进行仿真计算,并将计算结果和已有的文献进行比较,验证了混合方法计算结果的可行性、准确性。总结了该模型对短波天线远区场影响的有益经验,为改善短波天线性能提供了设计参考。     

轴系摩擦力矩测试系统的设计与实现

对轴承摩擦力矩的产生机理进行归纳、总结、研究,基于力矩测试基本方法,提出了一种简单有效的测试方法,通过机械结构及软硬件的设计,完成了一套轴系摩擦力矩测试系统,经用于某型号轴系的检验,可满足测试要求。     

磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺框架系统谐波减速器的迟滞建模

为了抑制双框架磁悬浮控制力矩陀螺(DGMSCMG)框架伺服系统中谐波减速器固有的迟滞特性对系统精度的影响,提出了一种基于Preisach模型的谐波减速器迟滞特性建模方法。首先,使用一阶回转曲线法采集谐波减速器的柔轮输出力矩与扭转角,获得建立谐波减速器迟滞模型的实验数据,其中谐波减速器柔轮的输出力矩是在不使用力矩传感器的条件下用系统动力学模型估计得到的;然后,使用Preisach模型对谐波减速器柔轮输出力矩与扭转角迟滞关系进行建模;最后,采用将模型离散化的数字型实现方法辨识模型中的权重函数,并给出模型的离散递归算法使模型利于简易化编程与进一步的在线控制。实验结果显示,谐波减速器的迟滞模型误差不超过0.005°,MSE值不超过(0.000 83%)°。结果显示了所述建模方法的正确性和实用性。     

多连杆悬架系统中铰接点载荷的计算方法

考虑衬套的六向非线性刚度,建立了汽车多连杆悬架系统的数学模型。基于悬架连杆和车轮托架等力-位移静平衡方程,给出了悬架各铰接点力的计算公式。以五连杆后悬架为例,利用未考虑衬套连接及同时考虑衬套线刚度和扭转刚度的两种模型,分别计算了各模型在汽车小载荷工况和大载荷工况下各铰接点的受力。计算结果表明,当悬架系统受到一些大载荷工况作用时,考虑衬套六向非线性刚度的模型能更准确地计算出各铰接点的力和力矩。因此,该方法可为五连杆后悬架铰接点载荷计算提供了一套准确的建模与计算方法,计算得到的载荷可用作悬架系统各元件的强度计算和疲劳试验中的载荷输入。