引进型国产300MW汽轮机窜轴事故分析及防止对策

通过引进型国产300MW汽轮机在启动试运中出现的一次窜轴事故,根据计算机追忆打印的有关图表、数据分析了产生事故的原因,并提出了为防止类似事故重演应采取的措施和建议。经采取措施后该机组多次又在相同情况下启机,已安全运行。说明分析正确,措施得当,值得同类型机组借鉴。     

Hydrogen incorporation in Ni–P films prepared by electroless deposition

Electroless NiP films, with 12 to 16 wt % P, were deposited from a moderately acid solution. Thermogravimetric analysis indicates the presence of occluded hydrogen in the layers, which desorbs upon heating. The amount of incorporated hydrogen decreases when the pH of the solution or the nickel sulfate concentration is increased; by contrast it increases with hypophosphite concentration. Cyclic voltammetry, using an electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance, confirms the existence of parasitic reactions, namely the reduction of protons of the solvent during the cathodic process and oxidation of hydrogen during the dissolution of the layers. This behaviour is in qualitative agreement with the proposed reaction scheme.     

Multi‐layered flat‐surface micro‐optical components directly molded on an LCD panel

Abstract— We have developed a process to fabricate optical components, such as a lens, prism, or diffuser, directly on to a glass substrate. Processes include precision mastering by diamond cutting and multi‐layer photopolymer (2P) molding to realize flat surfaces and the integration of multiple components with an alignment within a few micrometers.     

高压高产井电子压力计直读试井应注意的几个问题

在高压高产井电子压力计直读试井中，推荐选用石英作为压力传感器的压力计，附加适量的加重杆，保证压力计顺利入井，并平稳工作；同时选用可靠的井口防喷系统。     

XDGAM、P2 HD的性能测试对比

通过XDCAM、P2HD在大洋D^3-edit、D^3-edit HD、苹果非编上的测试，分析各自的特点，总结出相应的工作流程，为下一步的设备选型和应用打下基础。     

Degradation of polyethylene terephthalate films in the presence of lubricants for HFC 134a: a critical issue for hermetic motor insulation systems

Earlier studies conducted in the use of sealed tubes with polyalkylene glycol lubricants and polyethylene terephthalete (PET) films revealed that the PET films exhibited embrittlement and (visual) degradation. This led to an investigation of PET embrittlement mechanisms with the new lubricants used with HFC 134a. The lubricants studied were three polypropylene glycols (the monol, the diol and the completely end-capped glycols), pentaerythritol ester and a blend of monol and ester. The effects of moisture content, temperature and lubricant structure were studied. All lubricants in this study were of viscosity grade ISO-32 (150 SUS). The results were compared to PET film embrittlement in the presence of CFC 12 and mineral oil. This study reconfirmed the earlier findings that the PET films must be dried to lower than 0.1 wt.% moisture content for use in hermetic systems. This paper discusses the effect of the moisture content of the lubricant and the effect of the lubricant structure on PET films. The dependence of the various mechanisms on temperature is shown. Esters and end-capped polyalkylene glycols are recommended for use with HFC 134a.     

An experimental and numerical study of hunting in thermostatic-expansion-valve-controlled evaporators

The dynamic behaviour of a thermostatic-expansion–valve (TEV)-controlled dry-evaporator is studied experimentally and numerically. Although the linear model of the TEV together with the distributed model of the evaporator is able to predict the stable dynamic response of the system adequately, it fails to reproduce the hunting behaviour that is observed under certain operating conditions. A scrutiny of the experimental data reveals the possible existence of hysteresis in the system. The distributed model including the experimentally determined input-output characteristics of the TEV is able to reproduce the main features of the hunting oscillations well. The amplitude and frequency of these oscillations depend on the static superheat setting, the heat load of the evaporator and the time constant of the TEV bulb.     

Continuous formation of slurry ice by cooling water–oil emulsion in a tube

Water-silicone oil emulsion with an additive, (C₂H₅O)₃SiC₃H₆NH₂, was examined as a heat storage material. A spiral tube used as a heat exchanger was immersed in a low temperature bath and the emulsion was circulated in the tube to make ice continuously. Ice was separated from the ice–liquid suspension in an outlet tank. The amount of formed ice, the temperatures of the inlet and the outlet of the heat exchanger, and the temperatures in the tube wall were measured and the overall heat transfer coefficient and the heat flux through the tube were calculated. Experiments were carried out, varying the flow rate, the temperature of cooling brine, and the thickness of tube wall. The condition under which slurry ice was formed continuously without adhesion of ice to the cooling wall was clarified. Though decrease in the thermal resistance of the tube increased the rate of ice formation or raised the brine temperature, it narrowed the range of the flow rate and of the brine temperature in which slurry ice was formed continuously.     

Performance of compression/absorption hybrid refrigeration cycle with propane/mineral oil combination

This paper discusses the feasibility of a vapor compression/absorption hybrid refrigeration cycle for energy saving and utilization of waste heat. The cycle employs propane as a natural refrigerant and a refrigeration oil as an absorbent. A prototype of the cycle is constructed, in which a compressor and an absorption unit are combined in series. The performance of the cycle is examined both theoretically and experimentally. Although the solubility of the propane with the oil is not enough as a working pair in the absorption unit, the theoretical calculation shows that the hybrid cycle has a potential to achieve a higher performance in comparison with a simple vapor compression cycle by using the waste heat. In the experiment, the prototype cycle is operated successfully and it is found that an improvement of an absorber is necessary to achieve the good performance close to the theoretical one. The application of an AHE (absorber heat exchanger) can reduce the heat input to a generator. Further examinations on some other combinations of refrigerant/refrigeration oil and additives are desirable.     

利用扩增片段长度多态性(AFLP)研究坛紫菜的遗传变异

应用AFLP技术对浙江普陀列岛、渔山列岛和南麂列岛野生坛紫菜、福建野生厚型及薄型以及栽培坛紫菜的两个表型分化类型进行了研究。结果表明：坛紫菜的遗传变异较为丰富，共记录了528个位点，其中16个为单态位点，其余的为多态位点，多态位点比例达到96.97%。其遗传距离与地域分布正相关，说明不同的环境因素可能是造成坛紫菜遗传变异的主要因素。对遗传距离进行UPGMA和Neighbor-joining聚类分析表明具有薄型叶片性状的浙江野生坛紫菜和福建野生薄型坛此菜聚合，而福建野生厚型与栽培具厚型叶片，当地俗称为木耳菜的样本聚合。该结果基本清楚地反映了坛紫菜表型特征的分化。栽培薄型叶片俗称鸡毛菜样本在不同聚类方法中分别于外侧并入不同的分支。在福建野生坛紫菜与养殖坛紫菜的AFLP图谱中仅发现了三条与叶片性状相关的谱带：具有厚型叶片性状的坛紫菜共有的ACC-CAA(100)和ACT-CAG(232)，具有薄型叶性状的坛紫菜共有的ACC-CAA(490)。