时变刚度渐开线直齿轮啮合冲击响应的研究

由于渐开线齿轮啮合刚度的时变性，传动齿轮的振动具有非线性振动的性质。文章将啮合冲击区分成若干微区段，视各微区段啮合刚度为定值，采用时域方法辨识出相应模态参数，用直线拟合固有频率分布曲线，从而提出一种新的计算啮合冲击响应的方法，其计算结果与实验值相符，并给出了用固有频率作敏感因子诊断轮齿裂纹故障的例子。     

弧齿锥齿轮刮削刀盘工作角度的分析（上）

弧齿锥齿轮刮削刀盘采用了斜角切削，在刮削过程中工作角度发生了变化。这种变化涉及到刮削机理的研究和刮削过程中几何参数的选择。本文对刮削过程中工作角度问题进行了探讨，并对工作刃倾角、工作前角和工作后角进行了具体计算，得到了一些变化规律。     

Development of a lane departure monitoring and control system

The lane departure avoidance systems have been considered promising to assist human drivers in AVCS (Advanced Vehicle Control System). In this paper, a lane departure monitoring and control system is developed and evaluated in the hardware-in-the-loop simulations. This system consists of lane sensing, lane departure monitoring and active steering control subsystems. The road image is obtained based on a vision sensor and the lane parameters are estimated using image processing and Kalman Filter technique. The active steering controller for avoiding the lane departure is designed based on the lane departure metric. The proposed lane departure avoidance system is realized in a steering HILS (hardware-in-the-loop simulation) tool and its performance is evaluated with a driver in the loop.     

渐开线标准直齿圆柱齿轮基本参数的一种速定法

针对目前渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮设计中齿数、模数较难初定的问题，提出了一种简便可行的方法。通过采用最小二乘法拟合方式，逐步拟定相应的经验公式。给出了一个实例，并指出了本文方法确定渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮基本参数的特点。     

新型钢包车用角型减速机的开发设计

介绍了武汉钢铁公司1^#RH精炼装置钢包车关键配套件－角型减速机的开发背景，工作特点及其结构特点。     

滚齿工艺系统刚度研究

通过对YKX3132型滚齿机加工工艺系统的刚度进行分析研究，得到机床工艺系统的刚度计算公式。这对于滚齿切削用量的选择、滚齿加工误差的补偿、滚齿机床的设计与制造、提高齿轮滚切精度有一定的参考意义。     

基于线调频小波路径追踪阶比循环平稳解调的齿轮故障诊断

为从变转速齿轮箱振动信号中提取齿轮故障特征,提出基于线调频小波路径追踪的阶比循环平稳解调方法。该方法利用线调频小波路径追踪算法估计振动信号中的转速信号,根据转速信号对信号进行等角度采样,获取角域周期平稳信号,求取角域信号的循环自相关函数,在特征循环阶比处对循环自相关函数进行切片,并对切片进行解调分析得到切片解调谱,依据切片解调谱进行齿轮故障诊断。由于线调频小波路径追踪算法具有精度高和抗噪能力强的优点,而循环平稳解调算法可以有效提取淹没在噪声中的周期性故障特征,因而,该方法结合了二者的优点,适合于变转速齿轮信号的故障特征提取。算法仿真和应用实例表明,该方法能有效地提取变转速齿轮箱振动信号中的齿轮故障特征。     

齿轮裂纹故障的双谱分析

齿轮振动信号中的非线性给故障特征的提取带来较大难度，通过分析裂纹齿轮振动信号非线性产生的原因，利用双谱分析具有提取信号非线性耦合特征的能力，将双谱分析应用于齿轮裂纹的故障诊断中。试验结果表明，该方法能够有效地将正常及不同裂纹程度的齿轮区分开来。     

Predicting the effects of material properties gradient and residual stresses on the bending fatigue strength of induction hardened aeronautical gears

This paper proposes an experimental methodology to characterize complex parts presenting various gradients using aeronautical induction surface hardened spur gears. A 3D fatigue model taking into account residual stresses, microstructure variations, and surface roughness is then proposed for the prediction of the bending endurance limit. The model is based on the well-known Crossland criterion; calibrated with representative axial and torsion laboratory specimens. The results are compared with testing performed on a custom-made single tooth bending fatigue (STBF) rig. Fracture surface analysis using electronic microscopy is used to investigate the crack initiation sites. It is shown that residual stresses can have a significant impact on bending fatigue and that two induction treatments can present very different fatigue resistance even if the shape and depth of the hardened layer is identical in the root. The proposed methodology could be adapted to other geometries and surface treatments.     

Effectiveness of the revision to FMVSS 301: FARS and NASS-CDS analysis of fatalities and severe injuries in rear impacts

PurposeThis study investigated the change in the fatality and severe injury risks in rear impacts with vehicle model years (MY) grouped prior to, during the phase-in and after the revision to FMVSS 301.MethodsFARS and NASS-CDS data were used to determine the injury risks of non-ejected occupants in light vehicles involving non-rollover, rear impacts. The data were analyzed by MY groups: 1996–2001, 2002–2007 and 2008+ to represent the years prior to, during the phase-in and post-revision phase-in of FMVSS 301. The 1996–2013 FARS data were analyzed for rear crashes defined by the initial crash direction (IMPACT1) and direction with most damage (IMPACT2) to the rear. Fatality risk was determined by the number of fatally injured occupants per all occupants with known injury status.The 1994–2013 NASS-CDS was analyzed for rear crashes defined by the damage area variable. The risk of severe injury (MAIS 4+F) was determined as the number of occupants with MAIS 4+F injury per all occupants with known injury status. The distribution of rear crashes was determined by impact location and crash severity. NASS-CDS electronic cases with 2008+ MY vehicles were analyzed to evaluate the vehicle and occupant performance.ResultsThe fatality risk was 20.6% in the 1996–2001, 17.3% in the 2002–2007 and 15.0% in the 2008+ MY vehicles using FARS with the initial crash direction variable (IMPACT1) to the rear. There was a 27.1% reduction in risk with post-FMVSS 301 vehicles 2008+ MY. The risk was 19.0%, 15.4% and 12.8% with the most damage variable (IMPACT2) to the rear. There was 32.8% reduction in risk with 2008+ MY vehicles.The NASS-CDS analysis showed that the risk of severe injury (MAIS 4+F) was 0.27 ± 0.05% for 1996–2001, 0.30 ± 0.13% for 2002–2007 and 0.08 ± 0.04% for 2008+ MY year vehicles. There was a 70.2% reduction in the risk for severe injury with 2008+ MY vehicles.The NASS-CDS case review of MAIS 4+F injury in rear impacts of 2008+ MY vehicles that comply with the revised FMVSS 301 indicated that the crashes were very severe and generally involved significant 2nd row intrusion.ConclusionsThe revision to FMVSS 301 has effectively reduced the risks for fatal and severe injury in vehicles compliant with the revision (2008+ MY). The reduction was 27.1–32.8% in fatality risk using FARS data and 70.2% in severe injury risk using the NASS-CDS when compared to vehicles prior to the phase-in of the revised FMVSS 301 (1996–2001 MY vehicles). It is not possible to parse the effects of other design changes in seats and restraint systems that also increased safety over the study years.