On Burst Length Distribution and Preemption Probabilities in OBS Networks with Burst Segmentation

Recently, preemption techniques have attracted considerable attention as a means to provide differentiated quality of service in optical burst switching (OBS) networks. This paper is focused on the analysis of preemption probabilities for bursts within the same priority class. As proposed by Vokkarane and Jue ((2003)* IEEE J Select Areas Commun 21(7): 1198–1209) an incoming burst will preempt the burst in service, within the same priority class, if the residual length of the burst in service is smaller than the incoming burst length. For a general case with wavelength conversion, the preemption probability of contending bursts with a generic service distribution, not necessarily exponential, is analyzed. First, we show that the size distribution for the preempting bursts is shifted to larger values, in comparison to the original burst size distribution. Second, we obtain an upper and lower bound for the preemption probability. Finally, the asymptotic behavior of the OBS switch is analyzed showing that preemption will always occur for a very large number of wavelengths.     

一种新颖的基于非压缩数字视频的水印盲检测算法

数字水印是一种嵌入到多媒体数据中用来进行版权标识的工具。在众多的宿主媒体中，数字视频因具有隐藏容量大、透明性好、鲁棒性强等诸多优点而受到日益广泛的关注。但是很多文献中提到的视频水印都是从数据流中提取单帧图像进行处理，这类算法与静态图像的水印方法如出一辙，没有充分利用视频文件的各种特性。而且对帧平均、视频压缩等常见的运动图像攻击方法十分敏感。针对这些问题，本文以非压缩视频文件为实验对象，结合人类视觉模型和彩色图像场景分割的方法，提出并实现了一种基于视频时间轴的数字水印盲检测算法。实验结果表明算法有效实用。     

区域分割法辅助计算复杂图像面积

介绍计算具有复杂边缘轮廓的图像面积的区域分割法。采用鼠标多边形作图法近似圈定待处理的图像区域。本文由格林定理出发得到有限连续边界与其包围区域面积之间的函数关系,并且应用这一函数关系得出多边形与其包围区域面积的数学关系,近似得到图像区域面积。文中以烟幕图像为例对上述结论进行了验证。文章最后给出了在VC++环境下实现多边形分割的部分源代码。     

A New Approach for Built‐in Self‐Test of 4.5 to 5.5 GHz Low‐Noise Amplifiers

This paper presents a low‐cost RF parameter estimation technique using a new RF built‐in self‐test (BIST) circuit and efficient DC measurement for 4.5 to 5.5 GHz low noise amplifiers (LNAs). The BIST circuit measures gain, noise figure, input impedance, and input return loss for an LNA. The BIST circuit is designed using 0.18 μm SiGe technology. The test technique utilizes input impedance matching and output DC voltage measurements. The technique is simple and inexpensive.     

Fatigue limit evaluation of notches,small cracks and defects: an engineering approach

In this paper, the average stress method for the fatigue limit evaluation of stress raising geometrical features is revised and extended. In particular, an analytical close‐form approach was used and the linear elastic stress equations were modified by taking into account the effect of nominal stress on the local stress distribution. Hence, the average tangential stress was correctly evaluated over a distance of 2a₀, where a₀ was El Haddad's short crack constant, for long and small notches as well as for crack‐like notches. When this model is applied to a wide range of geometrical features subjected to mode I fatigue loading, the classical shape of the curves of the Kitagawa–Takahashi diagram was obtained for changes in crack‐like notch size. Similarly, notch sensitivity was estimated by reducing the notch tip radius. The accuracy of the proposed method in predicting fatigue limits was then checked by using experimental data taken from the literature and generated on testing specimens weakened by rounded and sharp notches as well as by small artificial defects.     

Gamma ray irradiation induced point defects in BaF2

There are some original nonmagnetic point defects in the BaF2 crystallite powder,such as interstitial and vacant F^- which can become paramagnetic centers by γ-ray-irradiation at room temperature,Afterγ-ray irradiation the paramagnetic point defects Vk,H,F and M centers,have been observed in the sample with experiment of electron spin resonance(ESR).Frenkel exciton,a nonmagnetic point defect,can also be induced by the γ-ray irradiation in the sample at room temperature,the existence of the Frenkel exciton is affirmed by an anomalous change of the ESR signal of Vk center with temperature,The signals of the ESR of the H,F and M centers weaken and vanish with the temperature increasing monotonously,But the ESR signal of the Vk enhances when the temperature goes up about 127℃,then weakens and vanishes.An increase in the Vk center follows an annihilation of the Frenkel exciton with heating.     

中厚板表面质量分析

在对济钢中厚板各种表面缺陷产生原因和几率进行综合分析的基础上 ,将缺陷分为 3类 :A类(折叠、麻点、划伤等 )、B类 (夹杂、结疤、分层 )、C类 (裂纹 ) ,重点对裂纹缺陷进行探讨 ,并提出了相应的改进措施。     

A VLSI architecture for a half-edge-based corner detector

Corner detection is a low-level feature detection operator that is of great use in image processing applications, for example, optical flow and structure from motion by image correspondence. The detection of corners is a computationally intensive operation. Past implementations of corner detection techniques have been restricted to software. In this paper we propose an efficient very large-scale integration (VLSI) architecture for detection of corners in images. The corner detection technique is based on the half-edge concept and the first directional derivative of Gaussian. Apart from the location of the corner points, the algorithm also computes the corner orientation and the corner angle and outputs the edge map of the image. The symmetrical properties of the masks are utilized to reduce the number of convolutions effectively, from eight to two. Therefore, the number of multiplications required per pixel is reduced from 1800 to 392. Thus, the proposed architecture yields a speed-up factor of 4.6 over conventional convolution architectures. The architecture uses the principles of pipelining and parallelism and can be implemented in VLSI.     

Reconstruction of Mandibular Defect with Porous β-TCP/BMG Artificial Bone

1Introduction Reconstructivesurgeryisoneofthehottestre searchedsubjectsthatdealingwithbonedefects.Thetra ditionalmethodisimplantationoffreshautograftbonebe causeofitsnon immunoreactiveproperty.Butautologousbonewasnotabundantinsomecases.Sowefoundbeta trica…     

建筑工程中渗漏质量通病的原因及防治措施

对浴厕这一容易引发渗漏质量通病的环节作了原因分析，从严格精确预留管道洞口，严把材料关等方面，提出了相应的预防措施，并指出治理渗漏应采取全面分析综合治理的原则。