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1.
Residential natural gas consumption depends on several factors. Available tools and methods to identify, categorize, and validate effective factors have some limitations, making consumption modeling more complex. Once a comprehensive model of effective consumption factors is developed for residential gas consumers, it can predict consumption. In addition, such a model could be used to verify the accuracy of measuring devices in order to reduce unaccounted for gas (UFG). The key factors affecting residential gas consumption were identified based on previous studies and their mutual effects were analyzed using a fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) method. The most significant factors and their effects on natural gas consumption in the residential sector were determined. In this study, for the first time, the expected consumption for each consumer was estimated using a consumption index. Generally, if the estimated consumption is significantly different from the amount recorded by the meter, it could suggest a potential source of UFG. The proposed method was applied to the data collected from the residential gas consumers of a small region in Iran (Dasht-e Arjan region, Fars province), and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. 相似文献
2.
户式中央空调的节能研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
蔡颖玲 《制冷空调与电力机械》2004,25(5):65-68
对户式中央空调系统节能问题作了研究,从住宅建筑空调负荷的计算特点和方法、系统主机容量的确定、末端设备的选择到系统调节特性等诸多方面,综合考虑,并结合实际工程,阐述了影响户式中央空调能量消耗的各种主要因素和改进措施. 相似文献
3.
轻型钢骨结构低层住宅设计荷载分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文讨论了北美低层钢骨结构住宅结构设计的荷载问题,包括各类荷载的取值和计算方法,以及荷载组合模式,并提出了在我国相关规范没有出台前,在国内进行设计时应该注意的一些问题。 相似文献
4.
山重水碧桃花源——杭州绿城·桃花源生态休闲居住区规划 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
杭州绿城·桃花源生态休闲居住区是一个集居住、游憩及生态环境于一体的低密度住宅园区。作者介绍了该项目的规划构思和规划内容,指出项目规划由风景园林为主多专业合作的优势,对发展中的城郊居住区规划具有参考价值。 相似文献
5.
通过对大型住宅区“深圳市新亚洲花园”工程规划及建筑方案创作构思的分析,实现住宅提升人们生活品质的设计思想,同时,在规划设计上对住宅开发在经济市场上如何提升竞争力做了有益探索。 相似文献
6.
7.
With worldwide energy consumption rising, there is a need to reduce energy use of the housing stock. While this general idea is well-known, there is an overwhelming amount of product data and manufacturers claims through which the homebuilder or designer must sort to make informed selections of energy-efficient upgrades. The main objective of this research was to identify cost effective–energy efficient upgrades from a group of 16 commonly available choices, and rank them according to the most beneficial for the least cost. This study was conducted in Phoenix, Arizona, and included a sample of 30 production-style homes typical of the Phoenix metropolitan area. Energy-simulation software was used to perform energy evaluations and derive the benefits of each upgrade. The cost of each upgrade was obtained from a database of national average costs and from a local context. Differences in the selection of beneficial upgrades vary dramatically with the source of the cost information. This research provides a generic methodology that can be used by builders and designers to select appropriate energy-efficient upgrades for a given geographic area that will provide high operating benefits relative to the amount of capital investment. 相似文献
8.
户式中央空调发展方向的探讨 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
本文描述了我国户式中央空调的发展现状,分析了三种户式中央空调各自的特点,提出了把风管式机组作为我国户式中央空调的发展方向。 相似文献
9.
Joaquim Montezuma 《Housing Studies》2006,21(6):883-908
This paper provides evidence about institutional investors' attitudes and perceptions of residential property as an investment asset group in three European countries (Switzerland, the Netherlands and Sweden). These countries stand out, with an extraordinarily large institutional residential ownership, in fact, residential institutional allocation represents about 6 per cent, 2 per cent and 3 per cent of the total institutional investment in Switzerland, the Netherlands and Sweden, respectively. Housing is the most important institutional property asset type in Switzerland and the Netherlands, comprising over 52 per cent and 50 per cent of their institutional property portfolios, respectively. In Sweden residential property plays an important, but not dominant role in the domestic institutional property portfolios, representing about 21 per cent of the institutional property holdings. Using a postal survey of representatives of pension funds, insurance companies, property investment and asset management companies the study analyses the attractiveness of residential property in terms of institutional investment goals. The survey examines the institutional investors' perceptions of housing investment, namely with respect to its returns, volatility, inflation hedging, liabilities matching and correlation with shares, bonds and non-residential property. Additionally, the survey looks at the institutional investors' experiences regarding the private rented sector. The survey suggests that investment in residential property equity is likely to be done through larger portfolios, which tend to invest in housing directly. Residential property is seen mainly as an earning asset group able to provide diversification benefits for investors even when portfolios already include non-residential property. The respondents are mainly concerned with rent regulation issues, the lack of well-structured investment vehicles is undoubtedly a less important problem. 相似文献
10.
邓寒松 《数码设计:surface》2012,(3):82-83
目前家居装饰装修市场繁荣,人们伴随着经济实力的提升而追求居住环境的舒适性、豪华性、美观性的愿望得已实现,但设计师和客户都应理性的对待居住空间的过分装饰和纯粹的美观性,应注重营造实用、绿色低碳的家居空间环境,顺应社会发展的要求。本文通过对家居空间"低碳"设计的分析,倡导家居空间环境应健康节能、选择低碳的装饰装修设计。 相似文献