传感器网络中基于二元簇的节能路由算法

传感器网络中的分簇算法已经被证明能够有效地节约能量。据此提出了一种基于二元簇的路由算法,其基本思想是网络中的每个节点同时属于2个不同簇,利用二元性来减少在路由发现中的资源浪费,并能够更加确定地发现路由以节约资源。理论分析和模拟实验都表明,该算法在能量消耗和网络生命周期延长方面较优。     

环氧基的PCB对无铅组装的兼容性

综述了环氧树脂基的PCB与无铅化组装的兼容性问题。经过大量试验表明,常规的FR-4基材和双氰胺固化的高Tg基材是不能满足无铅化组装要求的,而采用酚醛固化的中等-Tg的环氧树脂基材是可能成为无铅化组装用基材的。同时,PCB制造过程也起着重要的作用。PCB设计和再(回)流焊的加热梯度也影响着无铅化的性能。     

三峡工程升船机坝段基础特点与施工期形变特征

简要分析了升船机上闸首基础岩体的特点，在施工期随上部建筑物形成的过程中沉降与水平形变随荷载变化的特征。分析认为:基础岩体形变与其受荷特点相吻合，目前建筑物总体安全状态正常，但部分坝段需引起注意，同时为验证设计、指导施工提供了依据。     

龙滩工程左岸进水口大坝混凝土快速施工工艺

龙滩水电站左岸进水口大坝集挡水和取水为一体,坝体结构复杂,且4个标段同时施工,相互严重干扰,生产极不均衡,其施工位于控制发电工期的关键线路上。通过合并固结灌浆、采用“先浇板”、增设纵缝和补充混凝土入仓手段等办法,优化了施工工艺,增加了浇筑强度,创造了在狭小空间单日浇筑混凝土5 400 m3、单月浇筑11.7万m3的记录,达到了坝体快速施工的目的。     

贯流式水轮发电机集电环短路原因分析及改善措施

白石窑水电厂1～4号发电机组在投运初期,集电环曾多次出现绝缘降低甚至短路的非正常现象。通过分析,引发故障的原因主要是碳刷架、集电环绝缘结构设计欠妥、运行环境恶劣以及机组的振动过大。针对上述原因,改进了绝缘结构设计上的不足,加强巡视和维护检查,装设工业电视监控,加装碳粉回收装置,对受油器进行防漏油或喷油技术处理,加强清污力度、提高发电水头以便减少机组振动,从内外因加以防范和改善后,问题得到了标本兼治,取得了理想的效果。     

小浪底水库坝前漏斗区泥沙测验分析

小浪底水库坝前漏斗区的形成和发展,直接影响到枢纽建筑物的安全运行。为了保持塔前“门前清,”掌握坝前漏斗区的形成和发展,保证水库进入拦沙后期和正常运用期的正常运用,对坝前漏斗区进行了泥沙测验分析。结果表明:目前漏斗区范围内纵向坡度较缓,尚没有明显的漏斗形成,仅在坝前和塔前200m×1000m范围形成了漏斗雏形。     

数据挖掘技术在有线电视领域的应用

数据挖掘是近年来在数据库技术、统计学、人工智能、神经网络等学科的基础上发展起来的一门交叉学科，数据挖掘技术已经成功地应用于商业领域，随之又迅速地扩展到社会保险、医学、电信等领域，探讨和分析数据挖掘技术在有线电视领域的应用，并给出了系统体系结构和挖掘算法。     

Boundary knot method for 2D and 3D Helmholtz and convection–diffusion problems under complicated geometry

The boundary knot method (BKM) of very recent origin is an inherently meshless, integration‐free, boundary‐type, radial basis function collocation technique for the numerical discretization of general partial differential equation systems. Unlike the method of fundamental solutions, the use of non‐singular general solution in the BKM avoids the unnecessary requirement of constructing a controversial artificial boundary outside the physical domain. The purpose of this paper is to extend the BKM to solve 2D Helmholtz and convection–diffusion problems under rather complicated irregular geometry. The method is also first applied to 3D problems. Numerical experiments validate that the BKM can produce highly accurate solutions using a relatively small number of knots. For inhomogeneous cases, some inner knots are found necessary to guarantee accuracy and stability. The stability and convergence of the BKM are numerically illustrated and the completeness issue is also discussed. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Criteria and methodology for the evaluation of conservation interventions on treated porous stone susceptible to salt decay

Susceptibility of stone to salt decay is directly related to its microstructural and mechanical characteristics. In the present work, a porous stone from a quarry in Cyprus was examined. Samples of this stone were consolidated and protected with certain conservation materials. The modification of microstructural characteristics of the stone was evaluated by mercury intrusion porosimetry, while its mechanical characteristics were measured by compressive and bending strength tests. From these data, the susceptibility of Cyprus stone to salt (NaCl) decay was estimated. The values of crystallization pressure of NaCl were calculated and compared to the experimentally measured compressive and tensile strength of the stone, in order to examine the probability of stone disruption due to salt crystallization. The development of the phenomenon after coarse pores’ filling with crystals, i.e. crystallization of salts in capillaries or mechanical failure of the stone, was determined by thermodynamic analysis. Additionally, artificial weathering tests of marine salt spray were performed for the evaluation of stone’s durability after the conservation. The treated stone proved to be resistant to salt decay, as it presented ameliorated microstructural and mechanical characteristics, concerning decay due to soluble salt crystallization. The most possible thermodynamic scenario was small pores repletion with crystals, avoiding mechanical failure of the stone.     

Drying of Uncoated Paper with Gas-Fired Infrared Emitters—Optimum Emitters' Location Within a Paper Machine Drying Section

This article theoretically investigates the drying of uncoated paper with gas-fired infrared (IR) emitters installed within the drying section of a given commercial paper machine. Specifically, it presents the ideal location of two opposing IR emitters within the drying section. The ideal location of the two opposing IR emitters corresponds to the highest machine speed with specified average moisture content of paper sheet at the end of the drying section. This article also presents the average evaporation rate, temperature, and moisture content of the paper sheet as it travels through the drying section with the two opposing IR emitters operating at the optimum location. In addition, the temperature and moisture profiles in the sheet thickness direction, before and after the IR emitters, are provided. This article is not concerned with the potential effects of drying with IR emitters on paper sheet properties and machine runnability issues.