黑米天然黑紫色素的研究

特种稻黑米品种的糙米果皮中,含有大量的天然黑(紫)色素。本文研究了这种色素的提取与分离方法、化学结构及其稳定性,并对其药理作用和应用前景作了简要分析。     

鸡冠花红色素的提取及性质研究

报道了鸡冠花红色素的提取和理化性质的研究,为鸡冠花红色素的提取和应用提供了科学依据。     

Studies on the antioxidative activity of red pigments in Italian-type dry-cured ham

Aqueous phosphate buffer extracts and acetone/water extracts of pigments from Parma ham were assessed as antioxidants by (1) electron spin resonance spectroscopy using a spin probing technique to evaluate their efficiencies as scavengers of free radicals, and (2) by electrochemical measurement of oxygen depletion rate in an aqueous methyl linoleate emulsion to evaluate their efficiencies as chain-breaking antioxidant, and using both methods, compared with the effect of apomyoglobin and nitrosylmyoglobin. Aqueous phosphate extracts and acetone/water extracts of Parma ham pigment both scavenged a semi-stable nitroxide radical (Fremy's salt), and both extracts reduced the rate of oxygen consumption for lipid peroxidation (initiated by metmyoglobin) very efficiently. For apomyoglobin no antioxidative capacity was observed, and the heme moiety of the pigment(s) of Parma ham were concluded to have antioxidative properties. The more lipophilic pigment, as extracted by acetone/water, had the most significant effect, and its ability to inhibit lipid oxidation was further tested in a model food system based on cooked pork. The lipid oxidation was increasingly inhibited by increasing additions from 0.12 ppm to 0.24 ppm Parma ham pigment, and the pigment protected -tocopherol against degradation in a concentration dependent manner.     

涂料染色新工艺的研究和探讨

论述了各类织物经化学助剂接枝改性，在不使用粘合剂的情况下，用浸染方法对织物在常温下进行涂料染色的新工艺。并且讨论了织物的接枝预处理，浸染染色的条件和效果。     

烘烤期间带茎采收的烤烟顶部叶某些生理生化特性变化

为进一步探讨烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤的生理生化机制,对烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤和不带茎采收烘烤的色素含量、淀粉酶、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量进行了测定。结果表明,烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤在变黄12~24h时的叶绿素降解速度快于不带茎采收烘烤,到定色末期时带茎采收烘烤和不带茎采收烘烤的顶部叶叶绿素含量基本相同;带茎采收烘烤与不带茎采收烘烤的顶部叶类胡萝卜素与叶绿素的比值变化趋势基本一致,但带茎采收烘烤比不带茎采收烘烤的类胡萝卜素的降解量大。带茎采收烘烤和不带茎采收烘烤的顶部叶淀粉酶活性变化规律差异较大。带茎采收烘烤的PPO活性总体上低于不带茎采收烘烤,SOD活性高于不带茎采收烘烤,POD活性和MDA含量低于不带茎采收烘烤。综合分析,烤烟顶部叶带茎采收烘烤的生理生化变化对烤后烟叶的质量形成是有利的。     

柑桔皮的综合利用新进展

综述了柑桔皮功能性成分的提取及在水处理吸附剂制备领域的研究新成果。指出了柑桔皮利用中存在的问题及今后的发展方向。     

A kind of potential food additive produced by Streptomyces coelicolor: Characteristics of blue pigment and identification of a novel compound, λ-actinorhodin

The blue pigment produced by Streptomyces coelicolor 100 with a yield as high as 3 g/l is a mixture of 10 components. The structure of one of the components was identified and it is a new actinorhodin analogue, named as λ-actinorhodin. The natural pigment can be dissolved in alkaline water solution and a number of organic solvents in common use. The color of a water solution of the pigment changes with pH value. The pigment is stable to light, heat and food additives in common use, and resistant to oxidants and reducers under acidic conditions and to reducers under alkaline conditions. Most inspected metal ions hardly affected pigment stability except for Fe²⁺ at high concentration and Pb²⁺. The pigment is nontoxic with LD₅₀ > 15,000 mg/kg in an acute toxicity trial. The good characteristics of the pigment make it potential useful in the food processing industry as an additive.     

国外用于C．I．颜料紫23分散剂的选择研究和超细粉碎工艺的优化组合

C．I．颜料紫23（有机咔唑紫）在有机溶剂中的分散作用,需添加分散剂。为此,选用三种羧酸分散剂进行了研究。它们分别是：低克分子量均聚物、聚羧酸烷基铵盐（简称AAAC）,低克分子量均聚物、羟基羧酸酯（简称EACH）和高克分子量嵌段聚合物、聚已酸内酯烷基醚（简称CP）。并将它们进行了流变性能、比色、吸附量对比试验。它们的吸附特性通过吸附等温线方法作了评估,通过13C核磁共振光诸推断了它们在表面上所发生的分子间相互作用,通过分光镜测量研究了吸附机理,通过流变性能研究确认颜料紫23和分散剂的最佳配比。各项试验表明,CP分散剂应是C．I．颜料紫23色浆的最佳选择。上海东华牌高压均质机应是物料进行研磨、均质超细粉碎工艺应用设备。     

氧化铁黄颜料的制备及进展

综述了氧化铁黄颜料的制备及进展。     

KB—S系列助剂用于涂料印花再探

继续对ＫＢ－Ｓ系列助剂进行实验探讨，其各组份的作用及相互影响、不同涂料浓度相对应的助剂合理用量、成本核算对比……等等。