桑植-石门复向斜成藏条件探讨

从烃源岩、储层、盖层(保存条件)及圈闭等因素入手．探讨了桑植-石门复向斜地区震旦-志留纪地层的油气成藏特征。认为研究区具有良好的生烃条件和较好的储集条件，在断层不发育地区油气保存条件良好。岩性圈闭形成在三叠系以前的古生代地层中．而构造圈闭则受燕山运动影响。结合生烃史与区域构造演化规律来看．研究区东北部是油气的有利聚集地区。     

Natural Architecture and Constructed Forms: Structure and Surfaces from Idea to Drawing

This work grew out of didactic experience in architecture classes at the universities of Florence and Parma. The comprehension of geometric schemes in regular organic objects formed the basis of teaching drawing and scientific representation, such as formal architectural synthesis. This exercise may offer also a valid starting point to help students approach mathematics, and help them to imagine and plan the increasingly complex surfaces of late contemporary architecture.     

Net primary production and nutrient cycling in an apple orchard–annual crop system in the Loess Plateau,China: a comparison of Qinguan apple,Fuji apple,corn and millet production subsystems

In this study, we investigated net primary production (NPP) and nutrient cycling in an apple orchard–annual crop system located in the Hill and Gully Region of the Loess Plateau, which included four production subsystems: Qinguan apple, Fuji apple, corn and millet. The results showed that NPP of corn (Zea mays L.) was two to three times greater than for millet (Setaria Italica L.) or apples (Malus domestica Borkh., cv ‘Fuji’ and ‘Qinguan’). Annual nutrient uptake by corn and millet was also much larger compared to apple trees. A comparison of nutrient use efficiency based on economic product showed that P and K use efficiency for Qinguan apples was about 50% greater compared to corn, while there was little difference in N use efficiency between apples and corn. More than 94% of the nutrients taken up by annual crops were lost from the system through the removal of grain and above-ground crop residue. In contrast, apple harvest and tree pruning resulted in the removal of 10–50% of the nutrients taken up annually by apple trees. Calculations indicated that farmers applied 60 times more N and 33 times more P to Qinguan apple orchards than was removed by apple harvest, but the amount of N and P fertilizer applied to corn was slightly less than the amount of N and P removed through crop harvest. In summary, the results indicated that increasing the proportion of land planted to apples and convincing farmers to leave annual crop residue in the fields would increase the sustainability of the apple orchard–annual crop system. Additional work needs to be done to determine the fate of N and P fertilizer applied to orchards as well as optimum fertilization rates for each of the four crops in the apple orchard–annual crop system.     

西藏羌塘盆地侏罗系膏盐岩与油气成藏

石油地质调查与研究表明，羌塘盆地在中生代前陆盆地形成演化阶段广泛地发育了膏盐岩沉积，其中中侏罗统雀莫错组、布曲组和夏里组膏盐岩最发育。受前陆盆地北部冲断带和前陆隆起的制约，膏盐岩主要沿中央隆起和盆地北部边缘展布。膏盐岩形成于干旱气候条件下的封闭—半封闭泻湖和萨巴哈环境，具有较好的封闭性，为盆地最重要的盖层。同时，膏盐层变形产生了多种类型的盐相关构造圈闭，这些圈闭构造主体形成于侏罗纪末—白垩纪初，与盆地主力烃源岩的生烃高峰在时间上具有一致性，为盆地油气聚集成藏提供了有利场所。     

Preparation and electrochemical properties of carbon-doped TiO2 nanotubes as an anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Carbon-doped TiO₂ nanotubes were synthesized through a sol–gel and subsequent hydrothermal process. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that the products are uniformly straight tubes with the diameter around 10 nm in anatase-type. The electrochemical performances of the nanotubes were tested by constant current discharge/charge, cyclic voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The initial discharge capacity reaches 291.7 mAh g⁻¹ with a coulombic efficiency of 91.7% at a current density of 70 mA g⁻¹. There is a distinct potential plateau near 1.75 and 1.89 V (versus Li⁺/Li) in the lithium intercalation and extraction processes, respectively, and the lithium insertion capacity is about 204 mAh g⁻¹ over the plateau of 1.75 V region in the first cycle. From the 2nd to the 30th cycles, the average reversible capacity loss is less than 1.73 mAh g⁻¹ per cycle. After 30 cycles, the reversible capacity still remains 211 mAh g⁻¹ with a coulombic efficiency larger than 99.7%, implying a perfect reversibility and cycling stability.     

被动微波遥感在青藏高原积雪业务监测中的初步应用

积雪范围、积雪深度和雪水当量等参数的遥感监测与反演对气候模式的建立以及积雪灾害的评估具有重要意义。被动微波遥感在这些参数的反演方面具有明显优势,但目前尚未应用到青藏高原地区的积雪遥感业务监测上来。2001年10月至2002年4月,利用SSM/I数据对青藏高原地区的积雪范围和积雪深度进行了实时监测,为西藏、青海遥感应用部门提供逐日的雪深分布图。对这次监测的总效果进行了分析和评价,并对发生在青海省内一次较大的降雪过程进行了遥感分析,结果表明:SSM/I反演的积雪范围变化趋势与MODIS结果总体上较为一致;SSM/I的雪深监测结果为当地遥感部门对大于10 cm的雪深做出正确判断提供了重要信息,是对雪灾定位的重要信息源。     

西藏高海拔地区电气设备外绝缘水平的确定

藏北高原那曲３５ｋＶ变电站地处海拔高程４６００ｍ，具有典型的高原地理和气象特征，国产高原型电气设备外绝缘水平已不能满足该变电站绝缘配合的要求。为此，其中一部分电气设备选用了提高一个电压等级的产品，另外还研制的适用于海拔５０００ｍ的ＧＧ－１Ａ（Ｆ２）Ｇ型开关柜。为高原型高压开关柜增添了一个新品种。     

Sources and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of different glaciers over the Tibetan Plateau

Twenty snow samples were collected from the Qiyi glacier in Qilian Mountains,the Yuzhufeng glacier in eastern Kunlun Mountains,the Xiaodongkemadi glacier in Tanggula Mountains,and the Gurenhekou glacier in Nyainqêntanglha Range over the Tibetan Plateau.The concentration and distribution features of sixteen priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometry detector (GC-MS).The sources of these PAHs were explored as well.Our results indica...     

一株高产类胡萝卜素光合细菌Zl的研究

自高原湖泊阳宗海中分离得到一株类胡萝卜素高产光合细菌，命名为Zl。在优化的培养基中添加10ppmFe^3 及180ppmMg^2 ，于30℃，光照为1000lux，厌氧的最适条件下培养4天后，类胡萝卜素的产量可达50．2mg／g。对该色素制品进行一系列性质研究后表明，该色素溶液对光照、温度、酸碱的耐受性较好；对真核生物有良好的紫外线防护作用，在培养基中其含量为1mg／L时，保护率已超过60％。对这些性质的研究为开发和利用光合细菌天然色素提供一定依据。     

青藏高原多年冻土区天然气水合物成藏条件

天然气水合物是一种绿色能源,具有广阔的开发利用前景。青藏高原多年冻土大面积分布,中新生代盆地数量众多,盆地内烃源岩发育,为天然气水合物的形成提供了良好的条件。主要从物质条件、环境条件、热力学条件、地质条件等方面来探讨青藏高原多年冻土区天然气水合物的成藏条件。分析认为青藏高原地层中丰富的有机质及其较高的成熟度是成藏的物质条件,低温、高压、冻土厚度大、地温梯度小等是保证其成藏的环境和热力学条件,大量的运移通道、较好的圈闭是其成藏的有利地质条件。预测了青藏高原多年冻土区天然气水合物有利的找矿前景区。