半空间饱和土中瑞利波特性

通过对饱和土中波的运动方程及连续方程分析，推导了饱和土中瑞利波特征方程，讨论了半空间饱和土中瑞利波波速度的弥散特性，以及位移和孔压分布情况。     

非饱和土二、三维固结方程简化计算方法

针对非饱和土的固结问题的复杂性,为了计算的简化,将非饱和土固结分为3个阶段:初期压密、气压消散和水压消散。假定前两个阶段是瞬间完成的,其后独立考虑水压的消散。分别建立3个阶段的二、三维控制方程,以计算各阶段的气压、水压、骨架应力、相应的土体变形和水量变化。算例的计算结果表明本文方法简便、实用。该简化方法主要适用于饱和度不太高的非饱和土,而对饱和度较高的非饱和土,由于气压消散过程较长,不宜采用。     

聚苯乙烯颗粒对轻质混合土的影响

在室内试验的基础上,对轻质混合土密度、抗压强度、压缩变形特性等进行了分析,结果表明:EPS颗粒含量变化对降低轻质混合土的密度作用效果显著;EPS颗粒含量对混合土抗压强度的影响很小,抗压强度主要取决于水泥的含量;在压缩变形特性方面,荷载小于混合土压缩屈服应力时EPS颗粒含量对混合土的压缩变形量影响较小。由此认为EPS颗粒在降低混合土密度方面具有一定的优越性,但对混合土的抗压强度、压缩变形量影响不明显,所以将混有EPS颗粒的轻质混合土作为填土材料具有很好的应用前景。     

浅议高校校园中水回用工艺

分析了高校校园中水回用的必要性,对位于市区和郊区新建高校提出了有针对性的校园中水回用工艺,并对中水回用项目的效益进行了探讨.     

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SOIL MICROBIAL QUALITY MEASUREMENTS OF BIOMASS QUOTIENT AND RESPIRATION QUOTIENT

The soil microbial biomass quotient (expressed as a percentage of the total soil organic carbon) and the specific rate of carbon-dioxide production by soil microbes (respiration quotient) are often used as indicators of stress on soil microbial populations. A low biomass quotient or a high respiration quotient is considered to be an indication of stress from, for example, toxicity from metals in sewage sludge applied to soils. These metabolic quotients are affected by a wide variety of other factors such as the biodegradability of soil organic-carbon amendments, plant inputs of organic carbon into soils, natural variations in microbial population sizes with depth, and in the rhizosphere of plants. These variations could be sufficiently large to make interpretation of changes in biomass quotient and respiration quotient, as a response to stress, problematical.     

石匣小流域坡地水土流失监测系统的建立及应用

以石匣小流域为坡地水土流失监测试点,以遥感及地理信息系统技术为手段,以坡地径流小区定位观测为依据,建立石匣小流域坡地水土流失监测系统,定位、定性、定量监测各种坡地类型的水土流失量、污染物流失量,为水土流失监测预报提供数据,为全市山区水土流失监测预报工作提供经验及方法,为制定水土流失防治方针政策及水土流失生态环境建设提供依据.     

石子和秸秆覆盖条件下降雨水量转化特征试验研究

通过人工模拟降雨，利用蒸渗仪、TDR(时域反射仪)和翻斗式自计流量测定仪，对石子和秸秆覆盖条件下的土壤水分动态变化、地下渗流过程进行了连续监测，并对不同下垫面条件下水量转化的变异特征进行了分析。结果表明：(1)不同下垫面条件下土壤表层的水分变异不大，而土壤深层的水分变异较大，这主要是由于覆盖降低了雨滴对土壤表层结构的破坏程度，以及石子在地表构建了许多个微型拦水坝，从而促进了土壤水分的快速下渗；(2)覆盖具有增加地下渗流的效果，特别是坡地上覆盖小石子在防止土壤侵蚀，增加地下渗流方面效果最为显著，地下渗流系数达到了37.44％；(3)小石子覆盖有利于山地降水资源的高效转化利用，其中在水平地上进行覆盖处理有助于降水资源的就地利用，而在“上覆土壤、下伏岩石”为结构特征的坡地上进行覆盖处理有助于坡地岩土界面渗流的产生，而从提高降水资源的异地利用率。     

新疆叶尔羌河中游渠首工程地基处理设计

叶尔羌河洪水动态规律极为复杂,以其极高的起涨速率、异常的高洪峰值闻名于世。中游渠首地基是粘粒极少、极松散的粉细沙层。针对其特点,采用振冲挤密砂石桩、防渗防冲连续墙、抗冲柔性土工布金属网格石笼等综合处理措施进行设计。     

Nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil fertilized with urea and ryegrass

The influence of fertilization with urea and ryegrass on nitrogen utilization and transformation in red soil has been studied by using ^15N tracer method.When urea and ryegrass were applied alone or in combination,the percentage of N uptaken by ryegrass from labelled urea was 3 and 1.7 times that from labelled ryegrass for the application rate of 200mgN.kg^-1 and 100mgN.kg^-1,respectively;combining application of ryegrass and ureareduced uptake of urea N and increased uptake of ryegrass N by ryegrass plant,but the percentage of N residued in soil increased for urea and decreased for ryegrass.when urea and ryegrass were applied alone,the percentage of N residued in soil from labelled ryegrass was more than 69% while that from labelled urea was less than 25%,and much more ryegrass N was incorporated into humus than urea N.     

太平溪小流域水土保持蓄水减沙效益初步研究

太平溪小流域地处三峡库乎宜昌县西部，距三峡坝５ｋｍ的长江西陵峡北岸，治理前水土流失严重，大量坡面商沙以沟道推移直接进入三峡库区。