The urban unsteady and non pressure rain pipe flow routing by the dynamical wave method

The dynamical-wave method routing model of the unsteady and non-pressure rain pipe flow was be established by conservation of mass, momentum and energy in the city unsteady and non-pressure rain pipe flow, and it was resoled by applying the four concealing style differences and the pursue method. Results by experiment checking computations and comparative analysis state that this routing model can reflect flood peak propagate in pipeline attenuate and backwater etc. influence, has the higher calculation precision, possess vast sphere of application, and can adapts to performing the city rain pipe flow routing in t the distinct situation of the different incline degrees and enter runoff . This routing model supplies the scientific foundation to the Town rainfall piping design or checking, administration, and so on.     

求解单一重现期暴雨强度公式的Lingo-BFGS算法

为了克服一般的非线性优化算法对初始值的依赖,针对某一地区单一重现期暴雨强度公式参数计算问题,首先将Lingo软件编程求出的结果作为初始值,然后利用拟牛顿算法对其参数进行优化。实例计算结果表明：采用Lingo软件和拟牛顿法相结合的方法求解单一重现期暴雨强度公式比传统的方法精度更高,能有效解决实际优化设计问题。     

雨洪管理设施管理维护方法研究—以天津大学阅读体验舱为例

伴随海绵城市建设试点城市工作的不断推进,生态化雨洪管理理念正在海绵城市建设项目中逐步得到落实。由于相关设施后期运行管理与维护直接影响其效能的发挥以及在城市中的广泛推广,因此雨洪管理设施后期监测与维护方法研究的重要性日渐凸显。以天津大学建筑学院"海绵城市构建与效能"实验基地为观测原型,归纳总结了一系列雨洪管理设施维护工作的主要内容,并聚焦于"日常管理维护的具体操作方法""北方冬季休眠期后设施的激活方法"以及"不利环境外因弱化转化的创新管理方法"三方面,为中国"海绵城市"提供操作性强,完整度高的管理维护方案,为城市建设投资收益发挥指导性作用。     

Cyclone hazards in the Arabian sea–A numerical modelling case study of Cyclone Nilofar

Cyclones cause significant loss of life and damage to properties, ecosystems and marine facilities. To address such issues, Royal HaskoningDHV (RHDHV) has developed regional tidal hydrodynamic and wave models covering the Northern Arabian Sea. A total of 29 major cyclones were identified in the Arabian Sea since 1945. However, as less information is available on Cyclone Nilofar (2014), this paper has concentrated on this event to illustrate the use of numerical modelling to simulate waves and surge generated by cyclones. Sample results from the modelling study are presented in this paper. The methodology described in this paper for modelling cyclone waves and surges in the Arabian Sea could be applied to simulate such natural hazards at other sites around the world.     

浙江典型海塘实时安全监测分析

海塘是浙江沿海及海岛抵御台风暴潮的第一道防线。针对海塘跨域大、台风期恶劣气候影响严重以及海塘外部影响对内部响应变化速度快的特点,提出了大范围、分布式、集中管理的远程实时动态海塘安全监测技术,并对钱塘江海宁盐仓段标准塘和浙东海塘舟山万丈塘进行实时监测。监测结果表明海塘内部渗压水位与潮位有较好的相关性,潮位涨落对海塘渗流影响由海塘外侧至内侧逐渐减弱;海塘内部水力坡降均小于允许坡降,海塘渗透稳定满足要求。在潮涌作用下,海塘将产生mm级水平变形,随着潮位涨落,海塘内部水平位移呈周期性变化;水平位移沿深度分布呈现上部大、下部小的特点。研究成果为海塘的日常维护和应急抢险提供技术支撑。     

舟骨瓣移位术治疗Ⅲ型距骨颈骨折及并发症防治

目的观察舟骨瓣移位术治疗Ⅲ型距骨颈骨折及对并发症防治的效果。方法Marti-Weber分型Ⅲ型的距骨颈骨折患者46例,按患者的意愿分为两组,舟骨瓣组28例,采用舟骨瓣移位术治疗;内固定组18例,采用"BIOFIX"可吸收螺钉和固定棒(芬兰)行内固定治疗。随访1～3年,评定两组疗效。结果所有患者无一例发生距骨缺血性坏死。治疗总有效率两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论舟骨瓣移位术与可吸收内固定术在Ⅲ型距骨颈骨折治疗效果和对并发症的防治方面无明显差别,但前者适用范围较广。     

北极涛动对华北沙尘暴频次的影响

This study has investigated the influence of Arctic Oscillation (AO) on dust storm frequency in North China in spring seasons during 1961-2007. There is a significant linkagebetween dust storm frequency and AO; a negative (positive) AO phase is related to an in-creased (decreased) dust storm frequency in North China. This relationship is closely related to changes in the cold air activity in Mongolia. The cold air activity exerts large impacts on the dust storm frequency; the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia not only positively cor-relates with the dust storm frequency in North China, but also shows a long-term decreasing trend that is an important reason for the long-term decreasing of dust storm frequency in North China. The AO has large influence on the frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia; a negative (positive) AO phase is highly related to an increased (decreased) frequency of cold air activity over Mongolia, which results in an increased (decreased) dust storm frequency in North China.     

基于VOF法的风暴潮洪水演进三维数值模拟

为了提高风暴潮灾害应急处置能力,确保防潮安全,文章建立了耦合流体体积函数(VOF)法的三维非稳态水气两相流k-ε模型,采用等效糙率的方法处理城市密集建筑群,既考虑了其阻水作用,又考虑了其蓄水作用。针对天津市滨海新区海河与永定新河之间区域的风暴潮洪水演进数值模拟与分析,对100年一遇风暴潮洪水淹没情况进行分析,并对不同频率的风暴潮洪水的严重性进行了比较。结果表明,随着风暴潮发生频率的增加,风暴潮淹没范围逐渐减小,水深随着频率的增加是逐渐减少的,该研究为海堤安全管理、风暴潮灾害的快速科学评估提供了理论依据和技术支持。     

天津滨海新区盐尘暴成因、危害及生态治理探讨

"盐尘暴"是一种区别于"沙尘暴"的灾害性天气,文章就天津滨海地区近年来频繁发生盐尘暴的特点、成因、危害进行了分析,并在此基础上提出彻底治理"盐尘暴"的生态工程模式及其需要进一步研究的问题进行了探讨.     

1000kV交流紧凑型输电线路潜供电流和恢复电压计算分析

1000kV特高压紧凑型线路潜供电流和恢复电压较特高压示范工程大,会降低单相重合闸的成功率,影响特高压系统的安全稳定性。为此,阐述了特高压紧凑型线路潜供电流和恢复电压的特点,基于两个500kV区域电网之间采用特高压紧凑型线路作为联络线的系统,用EMTP程序计算分析了紧凑型线路潜供电流和恢复电压的影响因素。研究结果表明：...