一种新型生物絮凝剂来提高水中铜离子的去除

从吉林污水处理厂活性污泥中筛选出一株高效絮凝铜离子的菌株,通过16S rDNA扩增和菌株鉴定。鉴定其为植生乌拉尔菌(Raoultella planticola),研究了生物絮凝剂对铜离子(0.2ppm)的絮凝条件。结果表明,絮凝效率达到80%以上。影响絮凝效率的主要因素和变量为pH、絮凝时间。在pH=5、1.62h 、氧化石墨烯Graphene Oxide（GO）助凝诱导剂13.11mg/L时,絮凝效率达到86.01%,达到最高的絮凝效率。     

燃烧合成焊接钢/不锈钢焊缝结构及形成机制

摘要将燃烧合成技术与传统焊接技术相结合，以Ti-Ni体系为连接材料研究了08钢/1Cr18Ni9不锈钢焊接焊缝的形成过程，探索了Ti-Ni加压燃烧合成的过程及产物的形成机制，焊缝与基体的结合行为。目的在于开发出一种新型层状金属复合材料的制备工艺。     

板料成形模拟后处理中的截面物理量的显示技术*

在自行开发的板料成形有限元后置处理系统FASTAMP_POST中,采用了动态获取截面物理量的算法,实现了截面物理量实时显示功能。该功能真实反映了网格物理量的大小及其变化趋势,具有原理简单、易实现、执行速度快的优点。     

Functionalized metal–organic frameworks with strong acidity and hydrophobicity as an efficient catalyst for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural

In the dehydration of fructose to 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(HMF), in situ produced water weakens the acid strength of the catalyst and causes the rehydration of HMF, causing unsatisfactory catalytic activity and selectivity. In this work, a class of benzenesulfonic acid-grafted metal–organic frameworks with strong acidity and hydrophobicity is obtained by the direct sulfonation method using 4-chlorobenzenesulfonic acid as sulfonating agent. The resultant MOFs have a specific surface area of greater than 250 m~2·g~(-1), acid density above 1.0 mmol·g~(-1), and water contact angle up to 129°. The hydrophobic MOF-Ph SO_3 H exhibits both higher catalytic activity and selectivity than MOF-SO_3 H in the HMF synthesis due to its better hydrophobicity and olephilicity. Moreover, the catalyst has a high recycled stability. At last, fructose is completely converted, and 98.0% yield of HMF is obtained under 120 °C in a DMSO solvent system. The successful preparation of the hydrophobic acidic MOF provides a novel hydrophobic catalyst for the synthesis of HMF.     

PVA/UiO-66复合薄膜的制备及性能表征

采用溶剂热法合成出了金属有机骨架材料UiO-66,并通过流延法制备出了一系列PVA/UiO-66复合膜。通过红外光谱仪(FTIR)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、接触角、溶胀度、拉伸强度和透光性等表征方法,详细研究了UiO-66含量对复合膜各种物性的影响。结果表明,PVA在经富马酸交联后,耐水溶胀性和拉伸性能都得到了显著改善。随着UiO-66负载量的提高,复合膜的溶胀度、拉伸强度和透光性能逐渐降低,而水接触角和甘油接触角逐渐增大。     

乙炔氢氯化反应铜基催化剂研究进展

开发乙炔氢氯化无汞催化剂对我国聚氯乙烯(PVC)工业具有重要意义,目前以金为代表的贵金属催化剂已经接近工业化应用,但其生产成本高限制了其市场推广,因此相对价廉的铜基催化剂受到广泛关注。主要从配体和载体改性等方面综述了科研人员对金属铜基催化剂在乙炔氢氯化反应中性能提升所做的工作,并且总结了含铜多金属催化剂在乙炔氢氯化反应中的研究进展,最后对铜催化剂工业发展前景进行了展望。     

Electronic Theory of Thermodynamic Adhesion inMetal/Ceramic Systems

ＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃＴｈｅｏｒｙｏｆＴｈｅｒｍｏｄｙｎａｍｉｃＡｄｈｅｓｉｏｎｉｎＭｅｔａｌ／ＣｅｒａｍｉｃＳｙｓｔｅｍｓＬｉＪｉａｎ＇ｇｕｏ（李建国）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｆｕｒＮｉｃｈｔｍｅｔａｌｌｉｓｃｈｅＷｅｒｋｓｔｏｆｆｅ，ＴｃｈｎｉｓｃｈｅＵ...     

土壤中侵蚀性离子对X70钢的侵蚀作用研究

采用极化曲线并结合E-pH图分析，研究了土壤中主要侵蚀性离子CO2-3、HCO-3、SO2-4、Cl-对管线钢X70钢的侵蚀作用。结果表明：在酸性介质中，SO2-4、Cl-2种离子对X70钢的侵蚀能力无明显差别；X70钢在含有SO2-4、Cl-离子的介质中发生活性溶解，由于含有多种钝性元素以及材料的组织结构较均匀，X70钢在此介质中的耐蚀性优于A3钢。但在含有CO2-3、HCO-3的碱性体系中，X70钢的耐蚀性随pH值变化。在含有HCO-3的弱碱体系（pH=8）中，X70钢具有一定的钝化能力，但A3钢的耐蚀性优于X70钢，在含有CO2-3的中等碱体系（pH=10）中，X70钢的耐蚀性优于A3钢，在含有CO2-3的强碱体系中,A3钢的耐蚀性优于X70钢。      

Corrosion rate of magnesium and its alloys in buffered chloride solutions

The effect of the buffer capacity of test solution on the corrosion rate of cast pure (>99.95 mass%) and high-purity (>99.9999 mass%) magnesium, and AZ31 and AZ91E has been studied. Their corrosion rates were measured gravimetrically in a pH 6.5 and a pH 9 borate buffer including chloride ions, and in a conventional chloride solution. Except for the AZ91E in the pH 6.5, the corrosion rates of all the examined materials depended solely on the pH of the test solution, although the materials had a variety of purity and alloying elements. Higher buffer capacity probably masked the detrimental effect of the “cathodic impurities”. The corrosion rates measured in the buffers were considered as giving the resistivity of the passive film to anodic reactions. The high-purity magnesium had a fair corrosion resistance even in conventional chloride solution.     

高炉风口表面处理技术

介绍近代高炉风口采取等离子喷涂、各种金属渗镀和堆焊高温耐磨合金3种方法进行表面处理的情况。我国中小高炉多趋向发展多元金属渗镀,前苏联和日本风口经堆焊后抗磨性能有明显改善,采用上述3种处理后风口寿命均有数倍的提高。