光纤光栅与电阻应变片磁场环境下应变测量的试验研究

针对磁场对传感器工作性能的影响,借助等强度标准悬臂梁,研究光纤光栅和电阻应变片在磁场环境下的应变测量特性。给出2种传感器的应变传感方程,搭建磁场工作环境,分别采用电阻应变片和光纤光栅对磁场下悬臂梁的应变进行测量。结果表明:在有周期变化磁场工况下,电阻应变片的时域波形产生周期性的脉冲,脉冲大小与变化磁场的强度成正相关关系;光纤光栅传感器的测量结果则始终维持在理论计算值左右,不随磁场的变化而产生较大波动,证明了光纤光栅的抗电磁干扰特性。     

基于ZYNQ飞艇囊体应变在线监测系统设计

针对当前高空飞艇囊体的应变实时测量装置无法同时具备体积小和实时测量的工作属性,创新性地用光学器件和感光元件配合,对工作中飞艇囊体两个固定点的相对位移量进行测量,提出了一种能够在线监测飞艇囊体应变的测量装置,能够实现应变在线测量且测量精度高;采用TCD1500C电荷耦合器件作为数据来源;主芯片采用ZYNQ处理器,ZYNQ能够具备FPGA的并行处理能力和Cortex的数据调度能力,能够处理CCD高速数据;通过自定义IP核,使用PS端与PL端互联AXI协议,实现了高速、大量数据传输;为了得到应变信号,采用了将应变信号转化为位移信号进行采集的方法,之后将位移信号采集存储至SD卡中并周期性显示到上位机上,实现地面对飞艇囊体应变的实时监控;实现了飞艇囊体应变的实时测量并把测量精度提高至0.1％.     

Extraction of locked-up coal by strengthening of rib pillars with FRP——A comparative study through numerical modelling

In some of the coalfields in India, coal seams are only developed but no extraction of pillars is possible due to the presence of surface or sub-surface structures and also non-availability of stowing materials which leads to huge amounts of coal being locked-up underground. Spontaneous heating and fire, accumulation of poisonous gases, severe stability issues leading to unsafe workings and environmental hazards are the major problems associated with the developed coal pillars. So, there is a pressing need for a technology for the mining industry to extract the huge amount of coal locked-up under different constraints. In this study, the locked-up coal is proposed to be extracted by artificially strengthening the rib pillars. The detailed comparative study is carried out to know the increase of extraction percentage of locked-up coal by strengthening the rib pillars with FRP. Extraction methodology is designed and studied through numerical modelling for its stability analysis to evaluate its suitability of application in underground.     

Theoretical analysis of a new segmented anchoring style in weakly cemented soft surrounding rock

According to the tensile failure of rock bolt in weakly cemented soft rock, this paper presents a new segmented anchoring style in order to weaken the cumulative effect of anchoring force associated with the large deformation. Firstly, a segmented mechanical model was established in which free and anchoring section of rock bolt were respectively arranged in different deformation zones. Then, stress and displacement in elastic non-anchoring zone, elastic anchoring zone, elastic sticking zone, softening sticking zone and broken zone were derived respectively based on neural theory and tri-linear strain softening constitutive model of soft rock. Results show that the anchoring effect can be characterized by a supporting parameter b. With its increase, the peak value of tangential stress gradually moves to the roadway wall, and the radial stress significantly increases, which means the decrease of equivalent plastic zone and improvement of confining effect provided by anchorage body. When b increases to 0.72, the equivalent plastic zone disappears, and stresses tend to be the elastic solutions. In addition, the anchoring effect on the displacement of surrounding rock can be quantified by a normalization factor δ.     

基于温湿度变化对蒸压加气混凝土墙体变形影响试验研究

本文对加气混凝土墙体在温湿度变化下的开裂问题进行试验研究。通过调整内外墙体温度、湿度变化研究加气混凝土砌块应力应变的变化规律;利用ANSYS软件理论分析温差对墙体应力应变的影响。结果表明:随着内外墙体温差的增大,加气混凝土墙体的应变值越大;随着湿度的变化,应变值的变化不大。     

板料应变视觉测量系统研究

介绍了板料应变视觉测量系统结构和基本原理。该系统运用立体视觉技术对板料成形物理模拟中的圆形坐标网格系统进行测量，获得变形板料的应变分布。实验结果表明，该系统可以较为迅速地完成各种成形工艺的板料件应变参数的测量与分析，并取得比较理想的精度。     

Surface roughness of a hot-dipped galvanized sheet steel as a function of deformation mode

A hot-dipped galvanized zinc-coated sheet steel was deformed with three different laboratory test systems: a Marciniak punch system, a flat-die friction test system, and a cupping system. These systems were able to impose various combinations of deformation modes to the sheet. The deformation modes include: (1) strain without die contact, (2) sliding, (3) pressing, and (4) bending. Strain measurements from the electrolitically gridded specimens were made at the same locations as surface profilometry measurements, allowing a direct correspondence of surface roughness with strain. Quantification of the roughening as a function of strain, sliding and bending was determined. The roughening rate depends upon the strain level as well as the strain path. Increased strain without die contact causes an increase in the surface roughness with strain paths close to plane strain exhibiting the highest roughening rate. The deformation modes of sliding, pressing, and bending cause a decrease in the surface roughness (i.e. smoothing) to occur. A first-order model is proposed to account for the surface roughness as a function of these deformation modes.     

液压缸结构设计的有限元法

采用有限元方法对液压机中的主液压缸进行结构设计。得到了详细的应力、应变分布云图及应力集中和最大变形的位置。根据分析结果，优化设计方案，并重新进行数值模拟，使设计达到要求。     

应变率对泡沫Al-Mg合金压缩性能的影响

在应变率分别为10^-3s^-1,600s^-1和1600s^-1条件下对开孔泡沫Al-Mg合金进行了压缩试验，测量了不同应变率下材料的压缩应力．应变(σ-ε)曲线，研究了应变率的变化对这种Al合金泡沫的压缩性能和吸能性的影响。试验结果表明：这种开孔结构的泡沫Al-Mg合金具有明显的应变率效应，随应变率的提高，其屈服强度和流动应力升高；因此，与静态下相比，动态压缩下的吸能性上升，而对应的应力也随之提高。     

方坯连铸二冷热应力模拟

建立了方坯的应力计算模型，并通过采用有限元法求解，获得了铸坯在二冷段的应力和应变分布规律，为研究二冷对铸坯质量的影响提供了理论基础。