Alcohol tolerance in humans is enhanced by prior caffeine antagonism of alcohol-induced impairment.

The author tested the hypothesis that a history of drug-induced antagonism of alcohol impairment would enhance alcohol tolerance in humans. Groups of participants (N = 21) repeatedly performed a psychomotor task under different drug treatments: 0.65 g/kg alcohol, 4 mg/kg caffeine, or both drugs combined. Tolerance to a 0.65 g/kg alcohol dose challenge was then tested. Results showed that a history of combined alcohol and caffeine administrations increased alcohol tolerance compared with an exposure history to either drug alone. The findings contribute to the understanding of the complexities of polydrug use history and provide a useful model to examine how alcohol tolerance might be affected by a history of coadministration with other drugs (e.g., cocaine and nicotine). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Contracting, prompting, and reinforcing substance use disorder continuing care: A randomized clinical trial.

Although continuing care is strongly related to positive treatment outcomes for substance use disorder (SUD), participation rates are low and few effective interventions are available. In a randomized clinical trial with 150 participants (97% men), 75 graduates of a residential Veterans Affairs Medical Center SUD program who received an aftercare contract, attendance prompts, and reinforcers (CPR) were compared to 75 graduates who received standard treatment (STX). Among CPR participants, 55% completed at least 3 months of aftercare, compared to 36% in STX. Similarly, CPR participants remained in treatment longer than those in STX (5.5 vs. 4.4 months). Additionally, CPR participants were more likely to be abstinent compared to STX (57% vs. 37%) after 1 year. The CPR intervention offers a practical means to improve adherence among individuals in SUD treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

多相平衡规律在树脂再生过程中的应用研究

借助于三相平衡体系的性能分析，提出了一步法复苏再生阴离子交换树脂的新思路，从而实现阴离子交换树脂的再生和有机污染去除的同步性．对三相再生体系的再生能力，循环再生能力和树脂的有机污染去除能力进行了研究，并进行了基本性能测试和理论分析．结果表明三相再生体系能够很好的保持再生和循环再生效果，缓解了树脂的有机污染，一步复苏再生法具有理论可行性。     

Preparation of glucose oxidase immobilized in different carriers using radiation polymerization

Glucose oxidase (EC 1.1.3.4) was immobilized on different polymeric materials using different immobilization techniques (entrapping by γ‐irradiation, and covalent binding using epichlorohydrin). Studies were carried out to increase the thermal stability of glucose oxidase (GOD) for different applications. The activity and stability of the resulting biopolymers have been compared with those of free GOD. The effect of different polyvinyl alcohol/polyacrylamide (PVA/PAAm) compositions of the copolymer carrier on the enzymatic activity of the immobilized GOD was studied. The maximum enzymatic activity was obtained with the composition ratio of PVA/PAAm of 60:40. The behaviour of the free and immobilized enzyme was analysed as a function of pH. A broadening in the pH profile (5.5–8) was observed for immobilized preparations. The activity and stability of the resulting biopolymers produced by immobilization of GOD onto different carriers have been compared, in both aqueous and organic media, with those of the free GOD. The enzyme's tolerance toward both heat and organic solvent was enhanced by immobilization onto polymers. The addition of different concentrations of organic solvents (10–50%, v/v) to the enzyme at higher temperature (60 °C) was found to stabilize the enzyme molecule. The strongest stabilizing effect on the enzymatic activity was achieved at a concentration of 10%. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

难处理金矿石加石灰焙烧焙砂中CaS的消除

介绍了用空气氧化预浸加石灰焙烧焙砂中的CaS，以消除其对金氰化的影响。预浸后金的氰化浸出率可从58％提高到80％以上。     

硫脲法浸金研究

研究了用硫脲法浸取硫化金矿时．矿石预处理、硫脲浓度、硫酸铁浓度、酸度、浸取时间、固液比等实验条件对金浸出率的影响，并对结果进行了讨论．     

含羧基的聚乙烯醇胺肟螯合纤维吸附钯的研究

研究了含羧基的聚乙烯醇胺肟（ＰＶＡＡＯ－ＡＡｃ）螯合纤维对钯的吸附，讨论了ｐＨ、温度、浓度、吸附时间对吸附率及回收率的影响。确定了最佳吸附条件，吸附钯的纤维用５％硫脲＋０．１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硝酸溶液可以解吸。     

胶凝砂砾石坝材料特性研究及工程应用

本文阐述了胶凝砂砾石坝的起源和发展情况。根据福建街面水电站下游围堰的施工要求，即施工期作为挡水堰，运行期作为量水堰，设计了围堰坝体的断面，对堰体的应力、稳定和渗流进行了分析，提出了材料的性能参数要求，并探讨了胶凝砂砾石材料的渗透溶蚀性能。研究结果表明，采用当地天然砂砾石，掺入水泥和粉煤灰各40kg/m3，其180d龄期抗压强度等级可达到C7.5，并满足围堰的力学、稳定、防渗和抗溶蚀要求，缩短了工期，降低了造价。     

用对苯二甲酸残渣合成混合苯二甲酸二丁酯的研究

以脱除轻组分的对苯二甲酸(TA)残渣与正丁醇为原料,通过酯化反应并对粗产物进行常压和减压蒸馏后制得混合苯二甲酸二丁酯.考察了压力、温度、时间及醇酸比(正丁醇与TA残渣中二元酸的摩尔比)等反应条件对酯化产物收率的影响.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:反应压力0.5 MPa,反应温度230℃,醇酸比2.8:1.0,反应时间5 h.在此条件下,酯化产物的收率最高,约为93%.制得的混合苯二甲酸二丁酯的产品质量基本符合工业常用增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的质量要求.     

丙烯酸十六酯的合成及其降凝助滤效果

以丙烯酸和十六醇为原料,在丙烯酸/十六醇摩尔比为1.6,对甲苯磺酸质量分数为1.5%,对苯二酚质量分数为0.6%,反应温度为140℃,反应时间为5 h的条件下,制备了丙烯酸十六酯。结果表明,在上述最佳条件下,产物收率可达92%;在中国石油抚顺石化分公司石油一厂、二厂、三厂生产的0#柴油中,分别加入质量分数为0.5%的丙烯酸十六酯和T-1804降凝剂,前者的降凝助滤效果优于后者。