“北水南调工程”的警示与应对策略

在分析我国南方和北方地区之间粮食调运与虚拟水流动量变化的基础上,指出粮食虚拟水"北水南调工程"引起了一系列潜在的危机:加剧了北方地区的水资源压力,威胁国家粮食安全并拉大了南方和北方地区的经济差距。结合我国粮食生产用水技术水平与节水农业发展现状,提出应对上述潜在危机的建议:1强化政府宏观调控职能,挖掘农业节水潜力。尽快启动研究实施国家粮食生产用水补偿奖惩制度,挖掘农业节水潜力,缓解北方地区粮食生产水资源压力。2引入市场机制,大力发展现代节水农业。尽快研究出台相关政策,鼓励并支持节水企业投资建设和经营管理节水农业工程,充分调动多方资源,促进节水农业发展,保障国家粮食安全。     

The impact of watching television on evening melatonin levels

Self‐luminous electronic devices emit optical radiation at short wavelengths, close to the peak sensitivity of melatonin suppression. The present paper investigated if light from a 178‐cm (70 in.) television suppressed melatonin. Results showed that light from televisions does not impact melatonin levels in the evening.     

木质纤维素对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附性能

以木质纤维素为吸附剂,分析吸附时间、初始浓度、pH值、温度等因素对木质纤维素吸附亚甲基蓝阳离子染料的影响.结果表明:木质纤维素对亚甲基蓝吸附300min后达到平衡,初始浓度超过180mg/L后吸附量不再增加,pH值由2增加到8时,吸附量由23.0mg/g增加到40.1 mg/g,温度对吸附量呈现先增大后减小的趋势.讨论...     

糠醛渣基磁性多孔炭的制备及其吸附性能研究

以糠醛渣为原料,通过氯化镍浸渍和氯化锌活化制备了糠醛渣衍生的磁性多孔炭。结果表明,制备的多孔炭不仅具有磁性,还含有丰富的官能团和多孔结构;当浸渍后原料与氯化锌的质量比为1∶2时,比表面积达1051 m²/g,45 ℃下对亚甲基蓝的吸附量可达732.5 mg/g,且吸附过程符合准二级动力学方程和Langmuir等温吸附模型。     

Highly Efficient Quasi 2D Blue Perovskite Electroluminescence Leveraging a Dual Ligand Composition

Perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) are advancing because of their superior external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) and color purity. Still, additional work is needed for blue PeLEDs to achieve the same benchmarks as the other visible colors. This study demonstrates an extremely efficient blue PeLED with a 488 nm peak emission, a maximum luminance of 8600 cd m⁻², and a maximum EQE of 12.2% by incorporating the double-sided ethane-1,2-diammonium bromide (EDBr₂) ligand salt along with the long-chain ligand methylphenylammonium chloride (MeCl). The EDBr₂ successfully improves the interaction between 2D perovskite layers by reducing the weak van der Waals interaction and creating a Dion–Jacobson (DJ) structure. Whereas the pristine sample (without EDBr₂) is inhibited by small stacking number (n) 2D phases with nonradiative recombination regions that diminish the PeLED performance, adding EDBr₂ successfully enables better energy transfer from small n phases to larger n phases. As evidenced by photoluminescence (PL), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization, EDBr₂ improves the morphology by reduction of pinholes and passivation of defects, subsequently improving the efficiencies and operational lifetimes of quasi-2D blue PeLEDs.     

Pre-Protonated Vanadium Hexacyanoferrate for High Energy-Power and Anti-Freezing Proton Batteries

Proton batteries have been considered as an innovative energy storage technology owing to their high safety and cost-effectiveness. However, the development of fast-charging proton batteries with high energy/power density is greatly limited by feasible material selection. Here, the pre-protonated vanadium hexacyanoferrate (H-VHCF) is developed as a proton cathode material to alleviate the capacity loss of proton-free electrode materials during electrochemical tests. The pre-protonation process realizes fast and long-distance transport of protons by shortening diffusion path and reducing migration barriers. Benefitting from the enhanced hydrogen bonding network combined with dual redox reactions of V and Fe in protonated H-VHCF cathode, a high energy density of 74 Wh kg⁻¹ at 1.1 kW kg⁻¹, and a maximum power density of 54 kW kg⁻¹ at 65 Wh kg⁻¹ is achieved for the asymmetric proton batteries coupling with MoO₃/MXene anode. Proton transport and double oxidation-reduction center are verified by theoretical calculations and ex situ experimental measurements. Considering the anti-freezing availability of proton batteries, 82.5% of its initial capacity is maintained after 10000 cycles under −40 °C at 0.5 A g⁻¹. As a proof-of-concept, flexible device fabricated by optimized electrodes and hydrogel electrolytes can power up a light-emitting diode even under a bent state.     

Modulating Backbone Conjugation of Polymeric Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters for High-Efficiency Blue OLEDs

Blue conjugated polymers-based OLEDs with both high efficiency and low efficiency roll-off are under big challenge. Herein, a strategy of local conjugation is proposed to construct high-efficiency blue-emitting conjugated polymers, in which the conjugation degree of polymeric backbones is adjusted by inserting different spacers. In this way, the energy level of triplet state and the energy transfer direction of the polymeric main-chains can be effectively regulated. Benefiting from such fine regulation, the prepared alternative copolymers Alt-PB36 with local conjugated main-chains can better suppress the accumulation of long-lived triplet excitons comparing with the complete conjugated polymers. The higher PLQY of Alt-PB36 also verifies the effective energy transfer from the polymeric main-chains to the TADF units. Accordingly, Alt-PB36 based solution-processed OLEDs achieve an EQE_max of 11.6% and a very low efficiency roll-off of 2.8% at 100 cd m⁻² and 15.2% at 500 cd m⁻². This result represents the best efficiency among blue light-emitting conjugated polymer-based OLEDs so far under high luminance.     

新型聚2-氨基苯磺酸改性TiO_2纳米颗粒的制备及光催化性能

为提高TiO_2的光催化活性,利用原位氧化聚合法制备聚2-氨基苯磺酸改性TiO_2(P2ABSA/TiO_2)纳米颗粒,通过TEM、EDS、XRD、UV-Vis DRS和Photocurrent Test进行表征,以亚甲基蓝为模拟污染物,优化纳米材料制备条件,考察初始pH值和P2ABSA/TiO_2浓度对光催化效果的影响,通过捕捉实验判定活性氧物种在光催化过程中的贡献。结果表明:P2ABSA/TiO_2纳米颗粒最优制备条件为P2ABSA、TiO_2和氧化剂的物质的量之比2∶1∶2、HCl浓度1.2mol/L;TiO_2表面存在一层P2ABSA膜,P2ABSA改性没有改变TiO_2的物相和晶粒尺寸;P2ABSA/TiO_2纳米颗粒对可见光的响应提高,光电流密度从18.3μA/cm2提高到28.7μA/cm2;溶液初始pH值由3.93升至11.36,亚甲基蓝脱色率由92.0%提高到99.0%,P2ABSA/TiO_2纳米颗粒浓度最佳值为1.5g/L;活性氧物种在光催化过程中的贡献大小顺序为·OHh+·O-2,P2ABSA对TiO_2的光敏化作用是P2ABSA/TiO_2纳米颗粒光催化活性得到提高的主要原因。     

Crystallization‐Induced Emission Enhancement of a Deep‐Blue Luminescence Material with Tunable Mechano‐ and Thermochromism

Organic luminescent materials with the ability to reversibly switch the luminescence when subjected to external stimuli have attracted considerable interest in recent years. However, the examples of luminescent materials that exhibit multiresponsive properties are rarely reported. In this work, a new stimuli‐responsive dye P1 is designed and synthesized with two identical chromophores of naphthalimide, one at each side of an amidoamine‐based spacer. This amide‐rich molecule offers many possibilities for forming intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bond interactions. Particularly, P1 has an intrinsic property of cocrystallizing with methanol. Compared with the pristine P1 sample, the as‐prepared two‐component cocrystalline material displays an exceptive deep‐blue emission, which is extremely rare among naphthalimide‐based molecules in the solid state. Furthermore, the target material exhibits an obvious mechanochromic fluorescent behavior and a large spectral shift under force stimuli. On the other hand, the cocrystalline material shows an unusual “turn off” thermochromic luminescence accompanied by solvent evaporation. Moreover, using external stimuli to reversibly manipulate fluorescent quantum yields is rarely reported to date. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a new design strategy for solid‐state luminescence switching materials: the incorporation of solvents into organic compounds by cocrystallization to obtain a crystalline state luminescence system.