高可靠性应急备选路径启发式搜索算法

灾前规划备选路径是减少灾后反应时间、避免灾后次生灾害的有效方法.在路径合理性及共同失效(阻断)的约束条件下,借助路段静态旅行时间的估计及可靠性分析,采用启发式搜索方法进行可部分路段重叠的合理备选路集的构建.通过路径搜索中对高风险路段加权进行有效规避,可得到高可靠性的备选路径集合.通过实例说明了该方法的有效性.     

Safety evaluation and the static-dynamic coupling analysis of counter-arched slab in plunge pool

The stability of plunge pool slab of drainage structure is crucial to energy dissipation, but the working conditions of counter-arched slab are very complex and its stress procedure is considerably nonlinear and coupling. Therefore, a nonlinear static and dynamic coupling method to analyze the counter-arched slab configuration is put forward, which can reflect the coupling of dynamic loads, slab, anchor bars, groundwork and abutment as well as the dynamic procedure of instability. Various nonlinear factors and static-dynamic coupling are taken into consideration, and the working conditions, stress mechanism, dynamic instability procedure and influential instability factors are revealed. The proposed method thus provides a comprehensive safety evaluation method of plunge pool, which further provides an important theoretical basis for engineering design of counter-arched slab in plunge pool. Supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (Grant No. 50725929) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50539060, 50679052, 50779044)     

基于虚拟现实技术的煤矿安全培训系统

针对传统煤矿安全培训手段单一、效果不理想的问题,提出了基于虚拟现实技术的煤矿安全培训系统。该系统应用虚拟现实开发软件3DS MAX和Virtools DEV来完成设备建模、场景构建和交互式系统的开发,实现了煤矿风险预控、事故案例再现和事故应急救援的仿真。应用结果表明,该系统通过三维仿真和交互形式可有效提高煤矿安全培训的针对性和实施效果,达到提高安全意识、减少安全事故的目的。     

副井提升系统安全回路及上位机优化改造

针对煤矿副井提升系统安全回路软硬件及上位机中存在的不足进行了优化改造,改进了过卷试验方式,将闸系统紧停信号引入安全回路,并将安全回路各节点状态信号引入RSView32人机界面,实时显示安全回路状态;根据现场检修需要,在上位机增加了复位显示功能及行程偏差大报警信号。实际应用表明,该优化改造可迅速定位故障节点,实现软硬件互查。     

一种研究油气藏成藏史的新方法

为了提高油气藏的成藏过程研究的准确性,G eorge,Bhu llar等在前人的基础上改进提出了使用油气藏内包裹体的化学成分来研究油藏的成藏史。通过特定的方法对包裹体内油气进行分析,并和现今的油气源进行对比就可以确定油气的成藏史。这种方法直接针对古油气,所以油气藏的成藏史恢复会更加准确有效。对某多期成藏的油气藏的包裹体成分地化分析,结合其它的分析方法很容易恢复油藏的成藏过程。     

河道穿堤涵闸闸门溃损抢险堵漏稳定性分析

河道堤防上的穿堤涵闸是重要水工建筑物之一,具有泄水排涝、引水灌溉、挡水防洪等功能。汛期涵闸溃损导致的洪水非预期外泄将带来灾难性后果,严重影响保护区人民生命财产安全。本研究以2020年7月淮河姜唐湖行洪区戴家湖涵闸溃损险情为例,回溯了涵闸闸门断裂溃损过程及险情处置方案。对抛投堵漏材料进行了水下力学分析,经测算堵漏效果不佳的原因为,堤内外水头差过大导致堵漏石笼所受的水流冲力过大,无法稳定。通过堵漏稳定条件分析,得出戴家湖涵闸抢险的抛投堵漏临界稳定流速为2.76 m/s,临界稳定水头差为3.01 m,矮粗型石笼具有更强的稳定性。本研究还对大型养水盆建造及涵闸闸门溃损抢险堵漏策略等进行了分析讨论。本文研究成果可为今后涵闸抢险方案的合理制定提供可借鉴的方法。     

水利建设工程防汛演练存在的问题及对策思考

目前水利建设工程防汛演练存在经验不足、形式单一和重演轻练等问题,演练效果不佳或流于形式,与实际需要尚有不小的差距。为提高水利建设工程防汛演练效果,提升建设各方防汛演练意识,在总结既往防汛演练经验的基础上,结合在建工程防汛期间出险实例以及应急管理领域研究成果提出了相应对策建议,希望能有助于水利建设工程防汛演练工作更好地开展。     

基于深度学习的集群式供应链应急物资需求预测研究

在突发事件和大数据情景下,建立基于数据流模糊C均值聚类算法的集群式供应链应急物资需求重要度决策算法,有助于辨识集群式供应链子系统应急物资需求的重要程度。针对集群式供应链中各子供应链之间的耦合特性和预测指标的快速变化数据流特征,提出基于长短期记忆网络的集群式供应链应急物资需求动态预测算法,提取集群式供应链多个子系统应急物资需求参数的时序特征,动态地、分布地对互联大系统的应急物资需求不确定性进行系统辨识估计。仿真实验结果表明了基于长短期记忆网络的集群式供应链互联大系统应急物资需求动态预测算法的可行性和精确性。     

A Building Information Model enabled Multiple Traveling Salesman Problem for building interior patrols

During building emergencies, an effective and visible primary search plan enhances situation awareness and enables a more efficient rescue mission. The aim of the primary search during an emergency is the rapid screening of every space in the building to identify locations of victims and their conditions. Afterwards, first responders can plan for the rescue of those victims. To provide a timely draw up of interior patrol routes and assign rescue teams to conduct the primary search, this study formulates the problem as a multiple traveling salesman problem (M-TSP) where the comprehensive building interior network is given by the building information models (BIMs), while the total traveling costs (lengths) of every rescue team is minimized. To meet the requirement of real-time patrol routes optimization, we employed the branch-and-price algorithm for the enhancement of computation efficiency. In addition, a heuristic method was introduced to provide timely solutions for large-scale networks. A case study is conducted for a single-floor convention center. We utilized BIM to construct a network of nodes and arcs where the decision model requires as input, and the branch-and-price algorithm finds the optimal patrol. The resulting patrol routes can be visualized and serve as guide for rescue teams to conduct the primary search. The integrated approach proposed in this study is practical and can expedite search and rescue missions.     

多量级应急数据无监督离散化方法研究

在对连续的多量级应急数据进行离散化时,采用传统无监督离散化方法难以找出量级变化点完成离散。提出一种针对多量级应急数据的无监督离散化方法。根据量级变化的差异性将离散数据由大到小排序,结合拟合函数和二阶导数计算得到准确的量级变化点作为数据截断点,将截断所得较大数据构成的离散类移出待离散数据集,不断重复上述操作直到待离散数据满足设定的离散系数阈值,最终完成全部数据的离散。实验结果表明,该方法实现了地震相关多量级应急数据的均匀离散,其离散系数较等频离散化、层次聚类离散化等传统方法更低,可有效离散化隐藏多量级差异的应急数据。