戊二醛交联对CCMC/PVA复合膜性能的影响

采用流延成膜工艺制备了CCMC/PVA共混复合膜,研究了戊二醛交联剂对复合膜的透光性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明:交联处理膜的致密性和机械性能显著提高;当戊二醛添加量为2%(质量分数),体系的pH为10,交联反应温度为85℃,交联时间为35 min时,复合膜的拉伸强度可达18.91 MPa,断裂伸长率为226%,透光率为75%。     

Heat transfer in fixed beds packed with cross-linked plastic particles subjected to melt-freeze cycles

To offer essential basic information for analyzing a thermal-energy storage system based on the form-stable phase change of plastics, particle-to-fluid heat transfer coefficients in fixed beds packed with cross-linked cylindrical plastic particles subjected to melt-freeze cycles were evaluated experimentally using the extended Schumann theory. A formula for estimating the heat transfer coefficient is presented. The resulting heat transfer coefficients were found to be definitely lower than those predicted from previously published work, due to the melt adhesion between adjacent plastic particles, which increases their contacting surface area and, consequently, increases the dead space in the interstitial flow region. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 26(4): 262–274, 1997     

Polystyrene ionomer aqueous dispersion. II. Affecting factors for the stability and particle size of emulsion

Aqueous dispersions of lightly sulfonated polystyrene were prepared. The effects of initial polymer concentration, neutralizer, ionic content, solvent property, and store time on the stability, the particle size, and the distribution of the dispersed phase for the resultant oil-in-water emulsions were studied. It was found that the particle size varied with the variation of polymer concentration and increased with increase in the store time. The effects of the neutralizer and the mixed solvents on the particle size were also significant. The particle size increased with increase in volume of the counterion. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 70: 2075–2079, 1998     

三氯氧磷交联木薯淀粉的研究

对用POCl3交联木薯淀粉的性质进行了研究。试验结果表明,反应条件对产物交联度有不同程度的影响,其中pH值和温度的影响最大。木薯原淀粉在碱性条件下,用POCl3处理,主要产品为淀粉磷酸二酯。     

Substitution of wheat starch with non-wheat starches and cross-linked waxy barley starch affects sensory properties and staling of Arabic bread

Substitution of starch from barley, corn, oat, potato, rice or sorghum for prime wheat starch in the formulation of Arabic bread resulted in breads with significantly (P < 0.05) different textural attributes from regular wheat bread except for barley starch. Substitution of waxy barley starch (957 g kg⁻¹ amylopectin) for wheat starch (279 g kg⁻¹ amylopectin) resulted in bread that was not significantly different from regular wheat bread when assessed in the fresh state. However, upon aging, the waxy barley starch-containing bread staled at a significantly (P < 0.05) faster rate than regular wheat bread. Breads made with waxy barley starch cross-linked with 50, 200 or 500 ppm phosphorus oxychloride showed higher enthalpy of melting (ΔH) upon aging and staled faster than the bread formulated with waxy barley starch. These findings suggest that amylopectin retrogradation is one of the determinants of Arabic bread staling and that cross-linking promotes recrystallisation of amylopectin, possibly by keeping the polymer chains in close proximity. The rate of staling in breads formulated with cross-linked waxy barley starch decreased with increasing levels of cross-linking, possibly owing to restrictions in the degree of starch swelling. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

汽蒸潮态交联的高易护理性棉织物

采用N-羟甲基酰胺类超低甲醛交联剂SDP1作为防皱整理剂,以汽蒸潮态交联工艺对经液氨处理的全棉牛津纺织物进行易护理整理.整理液组成:SDP1 120 g/L,氯化镁18 g/L,柠檬酸1.2 g/L,渗透剂2 g/L和适当的柔软剂;织物浸轧整理液后进入汽蒸箱,汽蒸箱湿度F=30%,温度150℃,处理时间3 min.处理后织物的外观平整度能达到SA等级4级或略优于4级;即高易护理性的水准.其主要物理机械性能(断裂强力保留率、撕破强力保留率、耐磨性)、白度和手感都优于焙烘工艺.     

弱硼掺杂补偿对氢化微晶硅薄膜制备与特性的影响

研究了弱硼掺杂补偿对甚高频等离子体增强化学气相沉积方法生长氢化微晶硅薄膜（μc-Si∶H）及材料特性的影响.实验发现,随着弱硼补偿剂量的增大,μc-Si∶H薄膜的沉积速率先减小后增加,变化范围约为0.7～0.8nm/s.相比较而言,材料的结晶度以及晶粒的平均颗粒尺寸则呈现出先增后减的变化,且变化的幅度较大,当弱硼补偿剂量大于2.5ppm时,过度的弱硼补偿将导致μc-Si∶H薄膜的结晶状况恶化.此外,光敏性、暗电导及电导激活能的测量结果进一步表明,弱硼补偿显著影响μc-Si∶H薄膜的光电特性,弱硼补偿剂量为2.5ppm左右时,材料的光电特性最为理想.因此,优化弱硼补偿剂量是获得器件级质量μc-Si∶H材料的有效途径.     

可溶性交联大分子的合成及稀溶液行为

在浓溶液中合成了可溶性交联大分子（ICM）,研究了不同交联度,不同浓度下聚氨酯交联大分子,系列样品在溶液中的行为。发现这样的大分子在溶液中通过分子之间的物理作用易于相互粘接形成分子簇,且这种分子间作用的大小及其分布对交联度有很大的依赖。交联度不同的大分子,溶液行为有很大的差别。透射电镜显示交联大分子有着千差万别的特殊形状,这些形状还显示了交联大分子可能存在一个特殊的成长过程。     

凝胶颗粒再交联调剖技术

凝胶颗粒再交联调剖技术,就是在调剖施工时注凝胶型颗粒调剖剂的同时注入交联聚合物,使二者在地层有机结合,提高凝胶型颗粒调剖剂调剖效果。在室内实验的基础上,找出与凝胶型颗粒调剖剂匹配的交联聚合物,以达到最佳效果。2009年,利用该技术在文明寨油田现场实施6口井,累计增油1483t,增油效果明显。