Studies on polyacrylates containing pendant ligand with carbonyl and hydroxyl functions and their divalent metal complexes

A series of monomers were prepared by reacting (meth)acryloyl chloride with 2,4‐dihydroxybenzophenone, 2,4‐dihydroxybenzaldehyde, and 2,4‐dihydroxyacetophenone, respectively. The monomers were polymerized in dimethylformamide (DMF) at 70°C using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. Polymer–metal complexes were obtained from DMF solutions of polymers with an aqueous solution of metal ions. The polymers and polymer–metal complexes were characterized by elemental analysis and spectral studies. The IR spectra of these complexes suggest that the metals are coordinated through the oxygen of the carbonyl group and the oxygen of the phenolic–OH group. The electronic spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra, and magnetic moments of polychelates showed an octahedral and square planar structure for Ni(II) and Cu(II) complexes, respectively. X‐ray diffraction studies revealed that polychelates are highly crystalline. The thermal and electrical properties, catalytic activity, and structure–property relationships are discussed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 2083–2090, 2003     

UHMWPE／Epoxy冻胶体系的流变行为研究

研究了环氧树脂(Epoxy)加入后对超高分子质量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)稳态表观粘度、粘流活化能以及复数模量和粘度的影响。结果表明,环氧树脂添加量低于1ω,UHMWPE／Epoxy冻胶体系的表观粘度和粘流活化能都低于空白 UHMWPE冻胶体系;当环氧树脂添加量增加至3 ω以后,冻胶体系的表观粘度和粘流活化能均比空白UHMWPE冻胶体系高。     

A New Method for Identifying Osmotically Limited and Gel Layer Controlled Pressure Independent Flux in Ultrafiltration

An unequivocal determination of whether pressure independent flux regime is osmotically controlled or gel layer dominated, is still open for discussion in the membrane literature. The present work reports a method that could be used to address this issue. It is shown that analysis of post steady state transient filtration data leads to clear demarcation of osmotically limited and gel layer controlled filtration. The method proposed in this work can also be used to estimate the additional filtration resistance offered by the polarization layer to the permeate flow in macromolecular ultrafiltration and has been verified experimentally. It has also been shown that the polarization layer thickness is not sensitive to the feed pressure but varies as a function of the bulk solute concentration; higher the bulk concentration, thicker is the polarization layer.     

Preparation and characterization of mesostructured polymer-functionalized sol–gel-derived thin films

The present study attempts to incorporate methacrylate-based polymers into ordered lamellar organic/inorganic nanocomposite films composed of alternating SiO₂/polymer layers. The films are prepared by dip-coating from a solution containing the monomers and silica precursors, thus leading to composite lamellar mesostructured materials through evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA). A polymerizable coupling agent is added to covalently link the polymers to the silica matrix. The final polymer/SiO₂ hybrid material is obtained by a separate free-radical polymerization step, initiated by UV exposure or thermal treatment. Using trimethoxy(7-octen-1-yl)silane as a coupling agent, a procedure was established that preserved the mesostructure and maintained the swelling properties of the polymers, while acrylate-based coupling agents lead to a significant distortion of the film mesostructure. Structure and composition of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, NMR and IR.     

细胞固定化催化生产精细化学品的研究进展Q

摘要：细胞固定化技术具有流程简单、生物相容、操作稳定等优点，可有效保证细胞活性，实现高效的细胞催化生产精细化学品。本文介绍了表面附着、凝胶包埋、聚电解质层层自组装膜等多细胞固定化方法，及其在二元醇、生物乙醇、乳酸、酯、多糖等精细化学品生产中的研究现状和进展，并分析讨论了各种方法存在的问题。同时，总结了近年来新发展的单细胞纳米涂层固定化方法的机理、趋势及应用于精细化学品生产的可能性。最后对细胞固定化催化生产精细化学品面临的技术挑战及研究方向做出展望，以期为精细化学品生产提供一定的技术支持。     

有机-无机杂化材料制备质子交换膜的研究进展

综述了近年来采用有机-无机杂化材料制备质子交换膜的研究进展，重点介绍了由掺入了质子导电单元或经过磺化的有机-无机杂化材料制得的质子交换膜及由带磺酸基的有机硅通过溶胶-凝胶工艺制备的有机-无机杂化质子材料制得的交换膜，并从制备方法出发分析了每种质子交换膜的性能。     

La2-xSrxNiO4薄膜的制备及氧敏特性的研究

本实验采用无机盐为原料的溶胶－凝胶法制备了复合氧化物La2-xSrxNiO4薄膜，研究了它的阻温特性和氧敏特性，并采用XRD，SEM，AFM（原子力显微镜）等对该薄膜的结构进行了表征。     

C3S在NaOH和水中早期水化的ESCA研究

用ＥＳＣＡ研究了Ｃ３Ｓ在水中和ＮａＯＨ溶液中水化１－１０ｍｉｎ试样的表面组成;用等离子发射光谱仪测定了Ｃ３Ｓ早期水化液相中的组成,结果表明：Ｃ３Ｓ早期水化表面组成ｎ（Ｃａ）／ｎ（Ｓｉ）〉３,或ｎ（Ｃａ＋Ｎａ）／ｎ（Ｓｉ）〉３,形成一富Ｃａ层,初步认为Ｃ３Ｓ在ＮａＯＨ溶液中水化,Ｃａ＾３＋溶出受阻而Ｓｉ＾４＋溶出加快：Ｎａ在水化早期进入双电层和表面组成中,实验表明,欲采用ＥＳＣＡ技术测定Ｃ３Ｓ早期水     

吸收剂量对二甲基硅橡胶与甲基乙烯基硅橡胶分子量和凝胶含量的影响

将ＧＰＣ和特性粘数［η］测定相结合，在室温和－７８℃下，用Ｃｏ~（６０）辐射源辐照，研究了二甲基硅橡胶（ＭＱ，吸收剂量２．０５×１０~３～３．９７×１０~４Ｇｙ）和甲基乙烯基硅橡胶（ＭＶＱ，吸收剂量１０~２～１０~４）分子量和凝胶含量的变化。结果表明，辐照ＭＶＱ较辐照ＭＱ易生成凝胶，在凝胶点前的较低吸收剂量时，溶胶的分子量出现极大值，分子量分布曲线呈单峰；随吸收剂量的增加，分子量分布变窄，分子量降低；出现凝胶的吸收剂量，ＭＱ大约是ＭＶＱ的１０倍。辐照ＭＱ时，凝胶点前的溶胶的分子量分布曲线为双峰，并随吸收剂量的增加，双峰消失，分子量下降；在凝胶点时，分子量出现极大值。     

冷冻交联制备ZM-CSt-PVA复合凝胶及吸附Cu2+性能

以两性离子单体二甲氨基丙基丙烯酰胺-1-羧酸(ZM)、木薯淀粉(CSt)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为主要原料,采用"一锅法",通过冷冻交联制备ZM接枝共聚CSt-PVA互穿网络复合凝胶(ZPG2)。使用FTIR、TGA、POM、SEM-EDS对ZPG2进行了表征,评价了ZPG2对Cu~(2+)的静态吸附效果。结果表明:300℃以下,ZPG2的热稳定性良好;ZM的存在可产生反聚电解质效应和化学配位效应,显著提高凝胶吸附能力;在吸附温度25℃、ZPG20.1 g、Cu~(2+)质量浓度2×10~3 mg/L、溶液体积100 mL时,饱和吸附量为199 mg/g;吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和准二级动力学模型。