丝绸之路古代纹样若干问题研究

从宏观角度讨论了丝绸之路中有关图案起源、相互交流和共同发展的若干问题,并以典型纹样来说明.其中,很多图案不仅与特定动植物有关,甚至与建筑结构有关,且不同结构和样式之间的图案,看似无关,实质也有复杂的关系.因此,反对把不同图案加以割裂和区分开来后再行研究的方法,主张综合加以考察.     

The application of lead dioxide-coated titanium anode in the electroflotation of palm oil mill effluent

The electroflotation of palm oil mill effluent (POME) using lead dioxide-coated titanium anode on a laboratory scale was described. The anode was found to be corrosion-resistant under the conditions of the experiment. The feasibility of the process was determined by monitoring the effluent quality as a function of electrolysis time. Simultaneous flotation of suspended particles and anodic destruction of soluble substances in POME were observed. About 40% of the COD of the dissolved substances of POME could be anodically destroyed together with 86% of suspended particles, made up of mainly plant cell debris, floated off. It is envisaged the electroflotation process could form the first stage of a treatment system with aerobic or physicochemical process as secondary treatment step.     

Detection and quantification of palm mid‐fraction in a chocolate model system

The tocopherol and tocotrienol compositions of the genuine cocoa butter (CB) and palm mid‐fraction (PMF) were investigated to introduce a more reliable indicator in detecting PMF in CB. The results suggested that the α‐tocotrienol data presented could be utilised for the detection of the PMF admixture to CB. The PMF was added to CB at different levels. HPLC was used to detect the presence of PMF admixture to CB using α‐tocotrienol as an indicator. The results derived from the model system indicated that increasing the PMF amount at 0–15% to CB resulted in an increase in the concentration of the α‐tocotrienol significantly (P < 0.05). The addition of PMF amount more than 15% did not have any effect on the α‐tocotrienol concentration. A linear plot with a high correlation of 0.9967 was obtained with SE of 1.527. The high correlation obtained indicated good accuracy, reflecting a close relationship between experimental and theoretical predicted value.     

Facile Synthesis and Characterization of Palm CNF-ZnO Nanocomposites with Antibacterial and Reinforcing Properties

Cellulose nanofibers (CNF) isolated from plant biomass have attracted considerable interests in polymer engineering. The limitations associated with CNF-based nanocomposites are often linked to the time-consuming preparation methods and lack of desired surface functionalities. Herein, we demonstrate the feasibility of preparing a multifunctional CNF-zinc oxide (CNF-ZnO) nanocomposite with dual antibacterial and reinforcing properties via a facile and efficient ultrasound route. We characterized and examined the antibacterial and mechanical reinforcement performances of our ultrasonically induced nanocomposite. Based on our electron microscopy analyses, the ZnO deposited onto the nanofibrous network had a flake-like morphology with particle sizes ranging between 21 to 34 nm. pH levels between 8–10 led to the formation of ultrafine ZnO particles with a uniform size distribution. The resultant CNF-ZnO composite showed improved thermal stability compared to pure CNF. The composite showed potent inhibitory activities against Gram-positive (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)) and Gram-negative Salmonella typhi (S. typhi) bacteria. A CNF-ZnO-reinforced natural rubber (NR/CNF-ZnO) composite film, which was produced via latex mixing and casting methods, exhibited up to 42% improvement in tensile strength compared with the neat NR. The findings of this study suggest that ultrasonically-synthesized palm CNF-ZnO nanocomposites could find potential applications in the biomedical field and in the development of high strength rubber composites.     

Clarification of suspensions by colloidal gas aphrons

Colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs), generated from dilute solutions of four surfactants, were used to clarify palm oil mill effluent (POME), suspensions of microalgae and suspensions of three inorganic minerals. In POME and the algal suspensions, each CGA was most effective at a pH value close to the pK value of the surfactant concerned. This effect was not tested in the inorganic suspensions. The efficiency of air utilization was directly related to the concentration of solids in the suspensions, the size, density and nature of the solids having secondary effects. Comparison with data in the literature led to a general correlation embracing a variety of suspensions and flotation systems. Shedding of collected material from the foam layer was also a direct function of solids concentration. CGAs offer advantages over other systems of air-assisted flotation in relation to the requirements for equipment and to the management of process operations.     

手形、掌纹和掌静脉多特征融合识别

单一生物特征识别技术无论是在识别率还是稳定性上都不能达到完美无缺,特别是高仿生物特征的出现使其安全性受到质疑。针对上述问题,提出一种手形、掌纹和掌静脉多特征融合识别方法。提出了基于小波变换Gabor滤波器的特征层和图像层融合策略,将同一设备不同光照采集下的掌纹和掌静脉融合到一起,突出各自的主纹理特征;利用手指相对长度为手形特征进行初匹配,提出利用分块纹理基元模型进行掌纹和掌静脉融合图像的特征提取方法,然后进行二次匹配给出最终识别结果。开发了模拟系统并进行了相应的实验,结果表明该识别系统充分发挥了3种特征各自的优点,提高了识别率和稳定性,特别是掌静脉的加入增强了系统的安全性。     

加筋条件对棕榈加筋土强度的影响

为改良上海黏土强度低,易发生破坏的特性,将分散的棕榈片以不同质量加筋率、长宽比等加入上海黏土中进行抗压强度试验和巴西劈裂试验,来探究加筋条件对棕榈加筋土抗压强度和抗拉强度的影响。试验结果表明:与素土相比,棕榈加筋土可提高上海黏土的抗压强度和抗拉强度。抗压强度和抗拉强度最适宜的加筋率为1.00%,最佳棕榈长度为4 mm,最优长宽比为1∶3。相对于素土,加筋对抗拉强度的提高幅度高于抗压强度。同时对棕榈加筋土强度提高的机理进行分析。     

The effect of glycidyl methacrylate treatment of empty fruit bunch (EFB) on the properties of ultra‐violet radiation cured EFB‐unsaturated polyester composite

In this study, biofiber composites cured by ultra‐violet, were produced using pulp made from empty fruit bunch (EFB) as the reinforcing agent and unsaturated polyester as the matrix. The conversion of EFB fibers into pulp was carried out using organosolv pulping process. The EFB pulp was then chemically treated with glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) to different percentage of weight percent gain and the composites were made with different percentages of pulp loading. Results showed that the Kappa number of EFB decreased as the NaOH concentration in organosolv pulping increased. Composites which were made from GMA‐treated EFB showed better mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact strength) than those of the unmodified. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed peaks that proved the occurrence of grafting between GMA and OH from EFB pulp. Scanning electron microscope analysis showed the evidence of the enhancement of the compatibility between EFB and matrix. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

无溶剂系统酶促POMF连续化酯交换反应生产类可可脂研究

通过填充床酶反应器中POMF与SME酯交换生产类可可脂(CBE)连续化反应实验,研究空速对产率(R)和连续化特异性酯交换能力(CSIV)影响。当SI为0.54时,R值为121％,比产量(PE)为3.99 g·g～1·h-1。经过差示扫描量热法(DSC)分析,产品热性能符合类可可脂质量要求。