基于Web的亚热带水果产品质量安全追溯系统关键技术研究

为了实现对亚热带水果"从果园到餐桌"全方位的跟踪和追溯,分析了水果产品生产流程并确定了影响其质量的关键点,以产品生产批次作为"身份标识",采用UCC/EAN-128编码方式结合流程编码、RFID和二维码等编码技术进行了追溯编码,并采用任务与角色相结合的权限分配策略,构建了一个多层次多用户权限动态管理的亚热带水果生产加工全过程的质量跟踪与追溯系统,为生产者、质检部门和消费者提供一个集产品生产加工诸环节的信息交流平台,并以网络、语音、短信、触摸屏向公众提供追溯查询和防伪服务,具有应用推广价值。     

基于维度分区的果蝇优化新算法

为提高果蝇算法的收敛稳定性,提出了一种基于维度分区的果蝇优化新算法。将果蝇种群均分为两组:跟随果蝇和搜索果蝇。跟随果蝇在全局最优果蝇附近实现精细化局部搜索,而搜索果蝇则将位置向量的每个维度搜索范围划分为若干个区间,通过比较各个区间的最优位置来更新果蝇位置。为加快算法收敛速度,若某搜索果蝇在连续若干次迭代过程中 均 表现最差,则在当前最优果蝇位置附近产生该果蝇的新位置。针对8种典型函数的仿真实验表明:与传统算法相比, 所提算法所需参数较少,收敛稳定性高,并且在收敛精度及收敛速度等方面具有明显优势。     

改进果蝇算法在净化除钴过程锌粉量优化设定中的应用

本文提出一种基于细菌迁徙的自适应果蝇算法(CAFOABM),用于求解净化除钴过程锌粉添加量优化设定问题.首先从净化除钴的反应机理出发,通过引入除钴率建立锌粉添加量与氧化还原电位值、出口钴离子浓度间带约束的非线性优化设定模型;为了避免果蝇算法在迭代寻优过程中出现停滞现象,CAFOABM引入多种群并行搜索策略和改进搜索算子对搜索状态的转移规则进行改进;并采用区分可行解与不可行解法进行约束处理,保留一定比例的不可行解个体,有效避免了有用解信息的丢失.实际生产数据验证结果表明,CAFOABM算法优化设定的锌粉添加量与人工操作的经验数据相比减少7.83%,出口钴离子浓度满足实际生产要求且趋于平稳.     

聚苯胺及其氧化锡复合材料的气敏特性研究

以溶胶-凝胶法制备了SnO2纳米粒子,以原位聚合沉积法在陶瓷基底叉指金电极上制备了PANI及PANI/SnO2复合薄膜,形成气敏元件。室温下测试了元件对氨气及水果释放气体的敏感特性。结果表明,PANI和PANI/SnO2复合膜对氨气具有选择性好,线性度好的特点,PANI比PANI/SnO2复合膜的灵敏度高,更适合在较宽浓度范围内测试氨气;另外,这两种传感器对存放的水果（香蕉、苹果）释放气体具有响应恢复快,重复性好等特性,PANI/SnO2复合膜对水果释放的气体比PANI具备更高的灵敏度,有望在水果仓储运输方面得以应用。     

Time of flight mass spectrometry applied to the liquid chromatographic analysis of pesticides in water and food

Liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is an excellent technique to determine trace levels of polar and thermolabile pesticides and their degradation products in complex matrices. LC-MS can be equipped with several mass analyzers, each of which provides unique features capable to identify, quantify, and resolve ambiguities by selecting appropriate ionization and acquisition parameters. We discuss in this review the use of LC coupled to (quadrupole) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-(Q)ToF-MS) to determine the presence of target and non-target pesticides in water and food. This technique is characterized by operating at a resolving power of 10,000 or more. Therefore, it gives accurate masses for both parent and fragment ions and enables the measurement of the elemental formula of a compound achieving compound identification. In addition, the combination of quadrupole-ToF permits tandem mass spectrometry, provides more structural information, and enhances selectivity. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview on the state of art and applicability of liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-ToF-MS), and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) for the analysis of pesticides in environmental matrices and food. The performance of such techniques is depicted in terms of accurate mass measurement, fragmentation, and selectivity. The final section is devoted to describing the applicability of LC-(Q)ToF-MS to routine analysis of pesticides in food matrices, indicating those operational conditions and criteria used to screen, quantify, and identify target and "suspected" pesticides and their degradation products in water, fruits, and vegetables. The potential and future trends as well as limitations of LC-(Q)ToF-MS for pesticide monitoring are highlighted.     

玉米黄酒发酵条件的优化

以玉米碴为原料,分别选用UV－48黑曲霉和啤酒酵母为发酵菌种,通过对接种量、培养温度、pH值以及发酵周期的研究,确定以玉米为原料制作黄酒的最佳发酵条件为：最适接种量为糖化菌10％,酵母菌1％;最适发酵温度为15－18℃;最适pH值为4.5-5.5,最适发酵周期为16－19d。     

波兰果树生产考察报告

概述了近20年来波兰水果产量,栽培的果树品种构成,主栽品种,以及各种水果产品的供需状况和果树科研情况。     

Quantitative analysis of pheromone production in irradiated Caribbean fruit fly males,Anastrepha suspensa (Loew)

Pheromonal volatiles emitted by irradiated and control 5- to 11-day-old Caribbean fruit flies,Anastrepha suspensa (Loew), were collected on Tenax adsorbent filters and quantified by gas chromatography (GC). The components released were identified by comparison of retention times on GC and by mass spectrometry (MS) with authentic synthetic standards. Pharate adults were irradiated with gamma rays from a⁶⁰Co source at a dose rate of 10.3 Gray (Gy)/min. The total dosages given were 30, 50, 70, and 100 Gy. Pheromone volatiles were collected from adult males when they were between 5 and 11 days of age. The compounds quantified were (Z)-3-nonenol and (Z, Z)-3,6-nonadienol, which eluted from the GC column together and were quantified as one peak,-bisabolene, suspensolide, anastrephin, and epianastrephin. Irradiation with 30 Gy did not significantly reduce any pheromonal components, nor did it change the pheromonal blend. In contrast, suspensolide and bisabolene were significantly reduced in flies irradiated with 50 Gy, while the nonenols and epianastrephin were reduced at the 70-Gy dose. Irradiation with the 100-Gy dose reduced all components with the exception of suspensolide.University of Florida Agric. Exper. Sta. Journal Series No.R-03156.     

基于计算机视觉的果树害虫的形态特征分析

为解决农作物病虫害的诊断问题,选择京郊常见果树的三种害虫:桃蛀螟成虫、华北大黑鳃金龟成虫、桃六点天蛾,使用计算机视觉技术清除背景,获取该害虫的形状参数、偏心率等形态特征。通过判别分析,建立三种害虫形态特征的判别评分函数,并测试了该判别评分函数的有效性。实验结果表明,形状参数、偏心率、似圆度特征能反映这三种害虫的形态特点,可有效区分这三种害虫。     

基于亚龙235PLC的酒加工控制系统的研究

自本文以亚龙235 PLC实验装置为基础,研究了酒加工的工业控制过程,从硬件和软件2方面来进行阐述,并简单设计了用触摸屏来控制加工过程,适用于职业学校PLC课程的拓展应用。