等离子体抛光对表面粗糙度的影响

为了得到超光滑表面且无表层损伤的光学元件,引入一种新型的超光滑表面加工技术——等离子体抛光.在新设计的等离子加工实验平台上进行了等离子体加工工艺实验,对氧气流量,放电功率大小,磁场大小几个参数对基片表面粗糙度的影响进行了实验研究,且优化了工艺参数.结果表明增加氧气流量,合理控制功率和磁场强度都会使等离子体抛光基片表面粗糙度减小.当氧气流量为50 sccm,功率为80 W,磁场强度为17 mT时,粗糙度达到最小值0.9 nm.     

2008-2009 年江苏省闪电特征分析及应用研究

统计了江苏省气象部门雷电探测系统2008-2009年闪电记录,对江苏省闪电强度、闪电频数等闪电特征进行分析,得出江苏省的雷电流强度和闪电分布都有明显的时空差异,并且闪电频数和强度在空间分布上基本呈相反分布;同时利用地闪记录与雷暴日数的关系,得出了适用于江苏13个地级市的地闪密度计算公式.     

广西某赤褐铁矿选矿试验研究

对广西某含铁品位为52．07％、磁性率（FeO／TFe）为2．11％的难选赤褐铁矿矿石进行理化性能分析和矿物工艺学研究,并进行了强磁选、还原焙烧－磁选选矿试验,确定还原焙烧磁选可以获得较好的选别指标为：精矿铁品位达63．27％,产率达82．7％,铁回收率95．99％,有害元素硫,磷都较低,Si02、Al2O3、CaO、MgO的含量都能满足高炉冶炼的要求,属于优质铁精矿．     

图像分割中局部能量驱动的快速主动轮廓模型

为了解决图像对象灰度分布不一致性的分割难题,提高图像分割速度,提出了一个全新的快速主动轮廓模型。它由曲线周围局部的统计信息驱动曲线发生形变演化,并使用图像中的边缘信息来引导曲线的演化方向。模型中,根据区域模板与演化曲线共同定义的局部统计信息创建数据拟合项,并应用水平集方法求解曲线的演化。对合成图像和医学图像的实验结果表明,本文提出的分割模型可以同时分割多个灰度不一致的对象,分割速度快,结果稳定,对噪声具有很好的鲁棒性。     

Dynamic fracture behavior of rock under impact load using the caustics method

We studied the dynamic fracture mechanical behavior of rock under different impact rates. The fracture experiment was a three-point bending beam subjected to different impact loads monitored using the reflected caustics method. The mechanical parameters for fracture of the three-point bending beam specimen under impact load are analyzed. The mechanism of crack propagation is discussed. Experimental results show that the dynamic stress intensity factor increases before crack initiation. When the dynamic stress intensity factor reaches its maximum value the crack starts to develop. After crack initiation the dynamic stress intensity factor decreases rapidly and oscillates. As the impact rate increases the cracks initiate earlier, the maximum value of crack growth velocity becomes smaller and the values of dynamic stress intensity factor also vary less during crack propagation. The results provide a theoretical basis for the study of rock dynamic fracture.     

Prevention and forecasting of rock burst hazards in coal mines

Rock bursts signify extreme behavior in coal mine strata and severely threaten the safety of the lives of miners, as well as the effectiveness and productivity of miners. In our study, an elastic-plastic-brittle model for the deformation and failure of coal/rock was established through theoretical analyses, laboratory experiments and field testing, simulation and other means, which perfectly predict sudden and delayed rock bursts. Based on electromagnetic emission (EME), acoustic emission (AE) and microseism (MS) effects in the process from deformation until impact rupture of coal-rock combination samples, a multi-parameter identification of premonitory technology was formed, largely depending on these three forms of emission. Thus a system of classification for forecasting rock bursts in space and time was established. We have presented the intensity weakening theory for rock bursts and a strong-soft-strong (3S) structural model for controlling the impact on rock surrounding roadways, with the objective of laying a theoretical foundation and establishing references for parameters for the weakening control of rock bursts. For the purpose of prevention, key technical parameters of directional hydraulic fracturing are revealed. Based on these results, as well as those from deep-hole controlled blasting in coal seams and rock, integrated control techniques were established and anti-impact hydraulic props, suitable for roadways subject to hazards from rockbursts have also been developed. These technologies have been widely used in most coal mines in China, subject to these hazards and have achieved remarkable economic and social benefits.     

周期阵列压痕奇异应力场与开裂（PartⅡ：压痕开裂临界载荷）

周期阵列压痕方法是研究微观摩擦学的工具之一。由于周期阵列刚性压头压在半平面弹性体的表面时,会产生周期的Ⅰ型奇异压应力场,该奇异应力场的应力集中达到一定程度时,即达到临界条件时,该奇异应力场所在的边界将开裂。压痕边界的开裂问题是一个新型的断裂力学问题,通过边界移动的能量释放率的分析给出了压痕边界开裂能量释放率数学表征,并给出边界开裂的临界载荷和临界开裂角。     

高压输变电工程的电磁辐射及其环境影响评价

介绍高压输变电工程产生的电磁环境与人类健康关系以及国内外的相关标准,通过监测实例说明已运行的500 kV变电站和线路的电磁辐射均符合相关标准的要求,同时提出了环境影响评价工作的问题和建议.     

测试距离对LED灯具光强检测精度的影响

阐述了光强测试的重要性,分析了2种不同光源(点、面)的测试原理,根据测试原理,推导出3种不同的面光源(圆盘形面光源、长条形面光源、长方形面光源)对于不同的测量距离的误差。提出了测试空间的建议,即在满足一定的误差下,可以容许的最小测试距离,从而为室内测试节省大量空间。     

低强度锚固体养护时间和频率对导波速度的影响

组装了一套超声导波无损检测系统.制作了两个长度为1 m,28 d锚固体单轴抗压强度分别为4.36 MPa和4.69 MPa的全锚锚杆.利用该系统对这两个锚杆在各个养护期,从40～100 kHz的超声导波速度进行了测试,以研究水泥砂浆的养护期和导波频率对波速的影响.研究结果表明,在测试频率范围内,低强度锚固锚杆中导波速度随频率的增加而增加,在试件1和试件2中分别增加了10.1%和8.2%;水泥砂浆的养护期对导波速度影响也很大,尤其在养护初期速度随时间的增加而明显下降,最大降幅达29.4%(养护第7天),但在中后期波速变化不太明显,只有略微上升.试验结果与理论分析相吻合.