乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯的合成

用柠檬酸、正丁醇、乙酸酐为原料，经酯化和酰化两步反应合成乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯。考察了催化剂、原料配比、反应温度和反应时间等因素对合成反应的影响，确定了最佳反应条件。     

Investigation of the Influence of Fillers on the Properties of Poly(vinyl acetate) Adhesives

The properties of poly(vinyl acetate) compositions prepared as potential wood adhesives were investigated. The paper presents the results of the influence of various kinds of inorganic fillers based on calcium carbonate and alumino-silicate and an organic filler, starch, on the adhesive composition properties. The comparison among rheological behavior of the adhesive dispersions concerning the specific role of fillers were made. Mechanical and relaxation properties of the adhesive films could reveal the effect of filler characteristics on the polymer matrix. The significant influences of particle size distribution and specific surface area on the poly(vinyl acetate) adhesive composition were determined, along with other filler characteristics.     

快固化淀粉粘合剂的研究

介绍了快固化玉米淀粉粘合剂的制备工艺,对制备参数进行了优化,可使粘合剂的初粘速度和干燥速度显著提高。     

Crosslinking of corn starch with sodium trimetaphosphate in solid state by microwave irradiation

Corn starch was crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) in solid state under microwave irradiation to improve the degree of substitution (DS) and decrease the reaction time. The effects of modification factors on the crosslinking of starch were systematically studied. It was found that the microwave irradiation provided a convenient and efficient method to prepare crosslinked starch with sufficient DS. The DS value of crosslinked starches obtained by microwave irradiation was significantly improved and the reaction time was also dramatically decreased to achieve an appropriate DS value by microwave irradiation, when compared with using traditional method. The high microwave power provided faster reaction kinetics to obtain the desired DS value at an identical reaction condition. If the reaction temperature is lower than the decomposition temperature of crosslinked starch, the higher DS value can be achieved at the higher microwave power. It was detected that the DS data obtained by reacting intermittently was higher than those by reacting continuously. It was also noticed that DS data varied drastically with the increasing of the amount of STMP and sodium carbonate. The swelling ratio of crosslinked starch in water was lower than that of native starch because of the nongelatinization of highly crosslinked starch. SEM analysis indicated that the crosslinking of corn starch by microwave irradiation caused no significant changes in the microstructure of starch granules. Light microscope analysis also showed the uniformity of so‐prepared crosslinked corn starch applying microwave irradiation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 5854–5860, 2006     

尿素醇解法合成氨基甲酸乙酯的研究

对尿素醇解法合成氨基甲酸乙酯工艺进行了系统地研究,全面考察了反应温度、原料配比、反应时间及搅拌速度等因素对反应性能的影响。研究发现在反应温度为140℃,乙醇与尿素的摩尔比为4∶1,反应3.5 h,氨基甲酸乙酯最高收率为79.2%。     

含水混酸的酯化分离试验

基于中国石化扬子石化公司化工厂醋酸装置产生大量的含水甲酸、乙酸副产品,通过试验将含水混酸进行酯化、分离,得到符合工业品规格的甲酸乙酯、乙酸乙脂。试验确定酯化塔回流比为3∶1,乙醇分批次加入,乙醇实际投入量与理论量的比为1.2。酯化分离结果:甲酸乙酯的单程收率89.5%,纯度大于97%,乙酸乙酯的单程收率80.1%,纯度大于97%。     

淀粉接枝共聚反应的研究进展

概述近年来淀粉接枝共聚中引发体系、接枝单体、聚合方法及其应用,展望淀粉接枝共聚反应的发展趋势。     

蓖麻油酸二乙醇胺硼酸酯合成工艺及摩擦性能

为开发环境友好型润滑油添加剂，以蓖麻油酸、二乙醇胺为原料，采用两步合成法制备蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺（RA），然后与硼酸合成蓖麻油酸二乙醇酰胺硼酸酯（RAB）。利用FTIR对RA及RAB的结构进行表征，并以菜籽油为基础油，考察RAB的摩擦学性能。通过单因素实验得到合成RA的最佳条件为：酰化反应中蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺物质的量比为1.0：0.8，150 ℃下反应6 h；胺解反应中蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺物质的量比为1.0：0.4，催化剂氢氧化钠用量为蓖麻油酸和二乙醇胺总质量的1%，95 ℃下反应3 h，RA产率达88.10%；RAB的最佳合成条件为：RA与硼酸物质的量比为1.8：1.0，催化剂对甲苯磺酸用量为RA和硼酸总质量的1.5%，140 ℃下反应100 min，RAB产率达92.78%。添加RAB的菜籽油在摩擦表面形成含B、N的复合润滑保护膜，当RAB添加量为菜籽油总质量的2%时，油样最大无卡咬负荷（PB）相比菜籽油提高了61%；当RAB添加量为1%时，油样表现出良好的摩擦保护性能。     

羧甲基淀粉钠（CMS）的合成及影响其醚化反应的因素

讨论了淀粉与氯乙酸、氢氧化钠进行醚化反应的工艺条件，并对影响此醚化反应的因素进行了详细讨论。所采用的季铵碱催化剂对此醚化反应有显著的催化作用．     

玻璃钢复合材料基体树脂的发展现状

本文主要介绍玻璃钢复合材料基体树脂近几年发展情况，介绍基体树脂改性和应用，主要包括：不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂、乙烯基酯树脂、酚醛树脂，还简单介绍了热塑性基体树脂及应用。