Drift and retention of pelagic spawning minnow eggs in a regulated river

Long‐distance drift of eggs and larvae has been identified as a possible cause of downstream displacement and poor recruitment of the endangered Rio Grande silvery minnow (Hybognathus amarus; silvery minnow). Seven experiments were conducted using artificial eggs to estimate silvery minnow egg drift and retention in the Albuquerque and Isleta reaches of the regulated Middle Rio Grande, New Mexico, USA over a range of flows during expected spawning times. Bead retention varied by reach, discharge, and shape of the hydrograph. Highest retention (6.9 and 9.7% per km in the Albuquerque and Isleta reaches, respectively) occurred on the ascending limb of a high flow in areas where there was substantial floodplain inundation. Retention was maximized at different flows in each reach (97 and 140 m³/s, respectively), possibly associated with reach‐specific floodplain inundation thresholds. Lowest retention in each reach (2.1 and 1.7%, respectively) occurred on the descending limb of low and high flows, respectively. Of the silvery minnow eggs produced in the combined Albuquerque and Isleta reaches in 2005, 8–14% are predicted to have been retained in the Albuquerque Reach (67 km) and 49–83% in the Isleta Reach (86 km) based on the distribution of adult fish and measured bead retention rates. Although silvery minnow propagules are capable of drifting long distances, our study suggests that considerable retention occurs in the Middle Rio Grande. Habitat restoration to increase channel habitat complexity, and flow management to promote floodplain inundation should help to retain a greater proportion of propagules in upstream reaches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

分光光度法快速测定蔬菜水果中VC的含量

通过吸收光谱曲线法确定VC的水溶液的最大吸收波长为267 nm,进而通过工作曲线法快速测定蔬菜水果中VC的含量,本方法与常规方法比较,具有快速、准确、简便、试剂易得等优点.     

植物单宁的应用及研究进展

植物单宁是自然界广泛分布的一类天然产物，具有结构类型的多样性和生物活性的广谱性，其在医药、食品、农业、材料、化工等多学科领域得到广泛的应用，已引起国内外研究者的普遍关注。本文就植物单宁近年来的研究与应用进展予以评述，旨在为新的活性成分研究及其资源的高效利用提供依据。     

Biodegradable blend films based on two polysaccharide derivatives and their use as ibuprofen‐releasing matrices

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FTIR, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and viscosity methods were used to examine the miscibility, interaction, and degradability of cationic guar gum (GG) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (NaCMC) in their blend films. The experiment results prove that there exist electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonding between GG and NaCMC. Blend films degrade quicker than pure GG or NaCMC film. Furthermore, the degradation rate of blend films is related to the interactions between GG and NaCMC. Based on the research of blend films as the drug carriers for Ibuprofen, it is found that the blend composition, initial drug concentration, and pH value affect the drug release and the GG/NaCMC blend films have good sustained release performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 3553–3559, 2007     

天津郊区部分蔬菜地土壤中多环芳烃的污染状况分析

用高压液相色谱法分析了天津市4个郊区菜地中16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的分布，结果表明，菜地土壤中PAHs最大为4105μg／kg，最小为1317μg／kg，绝大部分土壤样品中的∑PAHs含量在2000μg／kg以上．津南、西青两区污染较轻，东丽、北辰两区污染则比较严重。     

磁力传动离心式植物油泵设计研究

植物油厂用泵现场使用表明，大部分泵的失效是由于密封泄漏引起的。文中提出采用磁力传动泵来解决这一问题，并在已有磁力泵的基础上，做了结构上的改进。轴不旋转，内磁钢体与叶轮后盖板直接相连，减少了叶轮后盖板和内磁钢体前端面这两个端面与液体间的圆盘摩擦损失；泵轴不传递扭矩，为轴材料选择和加工提供了方便。     

草莓原果果冻的研制

采用草莓原果果浆制作果冻。目的是控制食品添加剂使用量，降低果冻弹性，避免因吸食果冻而造成的风险。同时由于果浆的应用，赋予产品丰富的营养。     

野油菜黄单孢菌的诱变育种及发酵培养基的确定

利用紫外线和氯化锂对野油菜黄单孢菌进行诱变,从诱变菌株中筛选出了1株具有较高粘度和产胶率的菌株ZG 1.同时,利用此菌株通过正交试验,确定了发酵培养基配方:淀粉2%,蔗糖2%,蛋白胨0 3%,豆饼粉0 2%,CaCO3,0 3%,柠檬酸0 1%.试验结果表明:菌株的最终发酵液粘度和产胶率由初始的4 5Pa·s和1 99%提高到12 28Pa·s和3 45%.     

玉米变性淀粉压裂液稠化剂的研制

对玉米淀粉经化学和物理变性制得变性淀粉。将该变性淀粉与少量植物胶XDF复配制成压裂液稠化剂。并对该稠化剂的理化性能、用量、复配比例以及压裂液的配方、性能和影响凝胶的因素进行了研究。结果表明:用该稠化剂配成的压裂液粘度高、流变性好、摩擦阻力小、易破胶、低残渣、低伤害,是一种适用于80℃以下低温的优良压裂液。     

Psychological and Social Predictors of Changes in Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Over 12 Months Following Behavioral and Nutrition Education Counseling.

This study assessed psychological and social factors predicting 12-month changes in fruit and vegetable consumption achieved by 271 men and women from a low-income population randomized to brief behavioral and nutrition education counseling. Greater increases in fruit and vegetable intake were achieved in the behavioral than in the nutrition education condition (1.49 vs. 0.87 portions per day, p=.021). Increases were predicted by baseline social support for dietary change but not by baseline psychological measures. However, short-term (8-week) changes in dietary self-efficacy, encouragement, anticipated regret, perceived benefits, and knowledge of recommended intake predicted 12-month changes in fruit and vegetable consumption independently of gender, age, ethnicity, income, and baseline intake. These factors accounted for 51% of the superiority of behavioral counseling over nutrition education. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)