双甘膦工艺废水对水稻安全性的实验室研究

双甘膦工艺废水稀释液模拟水稻直播田的栽培方式进行水分管理．在水稻不同生长期采用不同废水浓度处理后,观察水稻对双甘膦废水的耐受性,据结果分析,发现当废水稀释倍数高于444．5倍时对水稻前期的出苗、生长高度与鲜重不产生明显影响。对受废水影响的二叶期水稻清水处理,发现废水稀释浓度在低于100倍、高于100倍和200倍时,水稻情况分别表现为不能恢复、有所恢复和恢复正常。     

Corrosion inhibition of mild steel in acidic media by Basic yellow 13 dye

The inhibition performance of Basic yellow 13 dye on mild-steel corrosion in hydrochloric acid solution was studied at 25 °C using weight loss and electrochemical techniques. The effect of inhibitor concentration on inhibition efficiency has been studied. Inhibition efficiency increased with increase of Basic yellow 13 concentration. The results showed that this inhibitor had good corrosion inhibition even at low concentrations (95% for 0.005 M Basic yellow 13) and its adsorption on mild-steel surface obeys Langmuir isotherm. ΔG _ads was calculated and its negative value indicated spontaneous adsorption of the Basic yellow 13 molecules on the mild-steel surface and strong interaction between inhibitor molecules and metal surface. The value of ΔG _ads was less than 40 kJmol⁻¹, indicating electrostatic interaction between the charged inhibitor molecules and the charged metal surface, i.e., physical adsorption.     

技术美学对当代景观设计的影响及发展趋向

阐述了技术美学的来源及拓展,探讨了技术美学与当代景观设计的关系。同时从新材料、新技术、新结构和新设备等4个方面的运用来论述技术美在当代景观设计中的渗透和体现。并总结了技术美学在当代景观设计中的三个发展趋向,即情感化、乡土化、生态化的审美趋向。     

孔内深层超强夯法在湿陷性黄土地区工程中的应用

对湿陷性黄土地区进行地基处理时,湿陷性处理效果的好坏直接关系到基础乃至整个建筑物的安全。孔内深层超强夯法(SDDC法)由于其技术、经济综合效益显著,近年来在湿陷性黄土地基处理中得到广泛的推广应用。通过具体工程实例,对SDDC桩复合地基的加固机理、设计参数、处理效果进行分析与讨论,为湿陷性黄土地区建筑物地基处理提供工程经验。     

知觉过程中的环境艺术审美趣味

环境艺术的审美是作为主体的人透过外在的形式表征,通过知觉、想象、情感和思考等一系列心理活动对环境艺术特定的场所和空间的体验,是对作品的性质和意义的感性把握。环境艺术的审美趣味,作为评价感知各种审美属性的能力,是判断环境艺术能否在公共空间和生活经验中给人以美的愉悦与享受,得到生命和意义的升华,实现审美价值的最重要标准之一。     

谈中汽公司静海工程技术中心设计的创作与探索

该文通过对中汽公司静海工程技术中心的设计,研究与探索了研发中心加工业建筑这种新建筑个体的特点,力求创造出具有时代感、艺术品味以及个性鲜明的研究中心加工业建筑新形象。     

工业黄磷中有机杂质含量的测定

企业测定黄磷中有机物的方法不一,且均存在着一定的不完整性。在黄磷的生产过程中,由于混入了一定量的有机物而使磷产品呈现为黄色。利用相似者相溶的原理,采用石油醚萃取黄磷样品中的有机成分,经过蒸馏除去石油醚后,由得到的有机物的质量计算出黄磷中的有机杂质含量。结果表明,磷与有机杂质含量之和,均与二硫化碳溶物法获得的测定值相近,且方法的可靠程度较高。     

净化黄磷尾气变换制甲醇合成气设计与验证

为实现净化黄磷尾气变换制甲醇合成气,对变换反应热力学、静力学及动力学进行了计算。通过计算,在汽气摩尔比为1.4时,反应放出热量33167.14kJ/kmol,将黄磷尾气变换反应设计为部分变换,变换采用循环进气的方式,可移走大量反应热,并可以使反应维持在催化剂活性温度范围内,此时平衡变换率为0.5294,可以满足制甲醇合成气的需要。实验表明,出口气体H2和CO摩尔比可以稳定在2∶1左右达到150h,催化剂床层温度稳定在催化剂活性温度范围内。     

Antioxidant properties of Chinese yellow wine, its concentrate and volatiles

Yellow wine (YW) has been claimed to have beneficial effects on the prevention of cancer and cardiovascular disease, which are related to the oxidation activity in vivo. In this study, the antioxidant activity of YW and its concentrate and volatile compounds (VC) was determined in terms of total antioxidant, reducing capacity, free radical scavenging, metal chelating and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities. These various antioxidant activities were compared with synthetic antioxidant, such as butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The total phenolic compounds were also determined. Results indicated that YW and its concentrate exhibited similar strong total antioxidant activity. The inhibition percentage of 100 μl of YW and its concentrate on peroxidation of 2.5 ml of linoleic acid emulsion was 97.99% and 95.74%, and both of them also had effective reducing capacity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and superoxide anion radical scavenging activities, but had very low metal chelating activity on ferrous. However, the VC in YW had little antioxidant activities. Results indicated that active antioxidants were nonvolatile and resided in the concentrate after evaporation. Phenolic compounds may play a very important role in the antioxidant function. However, identification of specific antioxidant components should be further investigated.     

A Novel Allele Encoding 7-Hydroxymethyl Chlorophyll a Reductase Confers Bacterial Blight Resistance in Rice

Rice spotted leaf mutants are helpful to investigate programmed cell death (PCD) and defense response pathways in plants. Using a map-based cloning strategy, we characterized novel rice spotted leaf mutation spl^HM143 that encodes a 7-hydroxymethyl chlorophyll a reductase (OsHCAR). The wild-type (WT) allele could rescue the mutant phenotype, as evidenced by complementation analysis. OsHCAR was constitutively expressed at all rice tissues tested and its expression products localized to chloroplasts. The mutant exhibited PCD and leaf senescence with increased H₂O₂ (hydrogen peroxide) accumulation, increased of ROS (reactive oxygen species) scavenging enzymes activities and TUNEL (terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling) -positive nuclei, upregulation of PCD related genes, decreased chlorophyll (Chl) contents, downregulation of photosynthesis-related genes, and upregulation of senescence-associated genes. Besides, the mutant exhibited enhanced bacterial blight resistance with significant upregulation of defense response genes. Knockout lines of OsHCAR exhibited spotted leaf phenotype, cell death, leaf senescence, and showed increased resistance to the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) coupled with upregulation of five pathogenesis-related marker genes. The overexpression of OsHCAR resulted in increased susceptibility to Xoo with decreased expression of pathogenesis-related marker genes. Altogether, our findings revealed that OsHCAR is involved in regulating cell death and defense response against bacterial blight pathogen in rice.