Process control: An overview and personal perspective

This paper presents an overview and personnal perspective on recent developments and current practice in computer process model. The basic concepts behind conventional process control are reviewed to provide a starting point for the non-control specialist and process engineer. The ensuing sections on Internal Model Control (IMC), Model Predictive Control (MPC) and adaptive control illustrate the evolution of control technology from the traditional multiloop strategies to the modern, multivariable, model-based, computer control systems now being used in industry. The paper does not provide a complete, critical review of process control. However, the discussion and the recommended references should provide a good starting point for anyone wanting to become familiar with current practice and some of the new directions of process control.     

线性规划模型的自动生成与求解

本文描述了《有色企业经济活动分析决策支持系统》模型库中线性规划模型的自动生成与求解系统的设计思想、方法及实现     

~(133)Xe吸入法测量局部脑血流及其计算机在线分析

本文介绍了用吸入~(133)Xe的清除技术测定大脑血流量的原理和方法。讨论子数据获取及其计算机在线分析。报道了一些临床测定结果。     

强震区高拱坝抗震措施比较

在拱坝横缝中,设置跨横缝钢筋和阻尼器,可以在一定程度上控制高拱坝在强震作用下的横缝开度,增强拱坝整体性。以国内某高拱坝为例,基于在大型商业有限元分析软件ABAQUS平台上二次开发的拱坝有限元模型,结合已有的计算成果,系统比较了设置跨横缝钢筋和阻尼器的抗震效果,提出了两种措施组合的方案,可供工程应用参考。     

Cover Picture: Toward Large‐Scale Alignment of Electrohydrodynamic Patterning of Thin Polymer Films (Adv. Funct. Mater. 15/2006)

By integrating lithography and self‐assembly via electrohydrodynamic instabilities, Russel and co‐workers are able to guide initially flat polymer films to evolve into periodic arrays of pillars over regions much greater in extent than their natural domain sizes, as detailed on p. 1992. Novel structures that involve a combination of linear ridges and pillars are also produced, mainly as as result of the dynamic merging among preformed pillars. To pattern thin polymer films via electrohydrodynamic instabilities, we design and utilize two different kinds of mask patterns to guide pillars into alignment over regions much greater in extent than their natural domain sizes. First, narrow protruding ridges that intersect to form regular patterns on the mask trigger the growth of pillars beneath. Later, square and triangular packings of pillars develop in the regions enclosed by those ridges, preserving the registry from one domain to the next over a much larger area than within individual domains in unpatterned portions of the mask. Second, small square protrusions that are prealigned into a large regular array on the mask guide the formation of square packings of pillars in domains that conform to the mask, forming a large array of pillars. Novel structures involving a combination of linear ridges and pillars are also produced mainly due to the dynamic merging among preformed pillars. Finally, we find vertex symmetry of the mask pattern is necessary for generating and preserving ordered patterns on the polymer film.     

Diffusion in metallic glasses

Rutherfordα-particles backscattering technique was employed for measurements of diffusion rates in metallic glasses. Effects of relaxation, crystallization and plastic deformation on diffusion rates were also investigated. It has been observed that the diffusion rates of a metallic solute are of the same orders of magnitude in both metal-metal and metal-metalloid glasses. A higher diffusivity is likely if there is a large difference between melting points of the solute and matrix. Relaxation has no effect on diffusion, however, diffusivity increases on crystallization. An increase in diffusivity is also observed on plastic deformation of metallic glass.     

Important features of Iris OSQL

OSQL is the object-oriented database language developed for the Iris object-oriented database management system at Hewlett-Packard Laboratories. Its three fundamental constructs are objects, types, and functions. This paper provides an overview of the underlying concepts and some important features of OSQL.     

大中型平原水库大坝安全监测研究

在分析大中型平原水库大坝特点的基础上,对大中型平原水库大坝安全监测中的几个问题进行了深入的分析探讨,针对具体问题给出了相应的解决办法、提出了有关建议,并通过工程实例对作者的观点进行了佐证,为进一步作好平原水库大坝安全监测工作奠定了基础。     

金坑水库浆砌石拱坝变形成因分析

根据金坑拱坝近20a时间的变形监测资料，通过拱坝变形的时间变化规律、空间分布规律、统计模型分析以及三维有限元变形仿真分析，对大坝安全性态作出评价。结果表明，大坝变形性态总体正常，但右坝段的一测点时效位移有向上游位移的趋势，应加强观测，同时也为今后大坝安全运行和管理提供了依据。     

A Silicon–Silica Nanocomposite Material

The synthesis and characterization of a novel silicon–silica nanocomposite material are reported. A self‐assembly method allows the encapsulation of silicon nanoclusters within the channels of a periodic mesoporous silica thin film. The result is the formation of a silicon–silica nanocomposite film with bright, room‐temperature photoluminescence in the visible range, and a nanosecond luminescence lifetime. The properties of the nanocomposite material have been studied by several analytical techniques, which collectively show the existence within the channels of non‐diamondoid‐structure‐type silicon nanoclusters with various hydrogenated silicon sites. It is estimated that the silicon nanoclusters in the silica mesoporous films occupy up to 39 % of the accessible pore volume. The nanocomposite film shows improved resistance to air oxidation compared to crystalline silicon. The high loading and chemical stability to oxidation under ambient conditions are important advantages in terms of the development of silicon‐based light‐emitting diodes from this class of materials.