Correlations between substrate bias, microstructure and surface morphology of tetrahedral amorphous carbon films

The microstructure and surface morphology of ta-C films deposited on p-type (1 0 0) single crystal silicon with the substrate negative bias varying from 0 to 2000 V by the filtered cathodic vacuum arc technology have been investigated by means of Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscope. The optimal deposition process of sp³-rich ta-C films can be confirmed in light of the relations between the coupling coefficients or full-width at half-maximum and the substrate negative bias. The surfaces of these films are uniform and smooth and RMS surface roughness is less than 0.4 nm. At the lower energetic grades, the more the content of sp³ is in the film, the smoother the surface of the film is. The dependence of the surface morphology and the impinging energy of the species can be illustrated according to the subimplantation growth mechanism. Nevertheless at the high energetic grade, the impinging ions with appropriate energy sputter and smoothen the surface so that the roughness might be even lower than the one of the films with the richest sp³ component.     

Effect of pH on the precipitation of hydroxyapatite on silica gels

Silica-HAp composites have been produced with particle size ranging from several nm to few μm, through control of the pH of the solution, which also controls morphology. A calcium ions reservoir has been made available as a Ca/EDTA soluble complex allowing the production of HAp at low temperature and short periods of time (hours). The presence of silica seems to promote the formation of HAp under these conditions. Electronic Publication     

Morphology and Mechanical Properties in Polymer Blends of Photocurable Polymer and Polycarbonate

Relationships between the morphologies and mechanical properties of binary blends of a photocurable polymer (2‐propenoic acid, (octahydro‐4,7‐methano‐1H‐indenediyl) bis(methylene)ester; DCA) and a linear polymer (poly(4,4′‐cyclohexylidene bisphenol carbonate); PCz) have been investigated. The blend films are prepared by in situ photopolymerization of homogeneous mixtures of a DCA‐monomer and PCz. The phase structure has been converted from a semi‐interpenetrating polymer networks (semi‐IPN) structure to a bicontinuous structure by controlling the cure temperature. Bicontinuous phase‐separated structures can be obtained by curing a wide range of compositions of 17–50 wt.‐% PCz at high temperatures. Miscible semi‐IPN structures are attained by means of photopolymerization below the glass transition temperature of the homogenous mixture before performing photoirradiation, such that magnetic relaxation measurements showed the blend to be miscible in the 10 nm order. The tensile strength and modulus reached a maximum in those blends having an intermediate vague phase structure between semi‐IPN and bicontinuous structures that have a strong interfacial interaction, which leads to incomplete phase decomposition in the PCz‐rich matrix phase. The maximum strength and modulus prepared under optimum condition are inferior to those of the individual components. In contrast, the elongation and break energy are greatly improved in those blends with bicontinuous structures having a diffused phase boundary.

DCA‐rich domain size in bicontinuous structure for DCA/PCz system, as a function of cure temperature; (□) 17 wt.‐% PCz, (○) 30 wt.‐% PCz, and (?) 50 wt.‐% PCz.     

国内湖泊水质污染及富营养化治理

湖泊水质污染及生态恢复是我国当前水环境保护所面临的主要问题。在国内湖泊富营养化防治调研的基础上,对我国重点治理的“三湖”水环境状况及治理对策进行了总结与分析,提出国内湖泊治理存在的问题和对策,以及官厅水库水污染防治应注意的问题。     

Fe2O3-MnO2-CuO-Co2O3体系红外辐射材料的微波合成与表征

采用微波合成法制备了Fe2O3-MnO2-CuO-Co2O3体系红外辐射材料, 测量了微波合成粉料的红外辐射性能, 运用XRD, IR, SEM和图像分析等测试方法研究了合成粉料的结构和颗粒形态. 结果表明, 采用微波加热在1000℃保温10min和在900℃保温30min, 均得到立方尖晶石结构的合成产物. 与常规固相合成法相比, 微波合成温度减低, 反应时间缩短. 合成粉料的颗粒细小均匀, 平均粒度分别为1.175μm和1.814μm. 微波合成粉料的红外辐射性能与采用常规固相合成法制备粉料的红外辐射率基本相当, 其法向全辐射率均达到0.84.     

Solubility prediction in the ternary systems NaCl–RbCl–H2O, KCl–CsCl–H2O and KBr–CsBr–H2O at 25 C using the ion-interaction model

The component solubilities in NaCl–RbCl–H₂O, KCl–CsCl–H₂O and KBr–CsBr–H₂O systems at 25 C were calculated by using the Pitzer ion interaction model and its extended HW models. Excellent agreement with experimental solubilities indicated that the models can be successfully used to calculate the component solubilities. This study affords the necessary parameters for solubility predictions of complicated systems containing rubidium and caesium and establishes a theoretical basis for the separation of these valuable metals from salt lake brine.     

基于数学形态学的灰度图像连接物体分割方法

由于噪声的存在以及连接物体的特点,传统的标记分水岭算法对包含连接物体的灰度图像很难取得满意的分割结果;特别是在背景并不连通的情况下,误分割更为常见;在标记分水岭算法的基础上,提出了一种连接物体分割方法;将属于鲁棒统计的Hough变换用于提取物体标记扩展了标记分水岭算法的应用范围;针对在分割连接物体时,由于背景并非连通,因此允许背景被分别标记,并通过一个后续滤波步骤用以剔除分割后图像中的背景部分,从而得到精确的分割图像;试验证明该算法运算速度快,鲁棒性好,具有广泛的应用价值.     

粘连血细胞图像分离计数算法的实现

目前相关文献中提出的分割算法很多,但都没有一种通用的图像分割算法。不论采用何种分割算法,其分割结果图像中总会存在一些细胞粘连的现象,因而影响到细胞的分析。本文利用数学形态学中的腐蚀运算对二值细胞区域进行层层剥离,然后根据剥离结果判断是否找到了细胞中心点,并对中心点进行适当的修正,解决了因细胞粘连或噪声等原因造成中心点的增加(减少),进而完成细胞的计数统计。文中主要叙述了算法的设计思想及实现,程序运行结果表明,基于vc++.net的算法设计是有效的。     

基于Canny边缘检测的车牌字符分割方法

在对其它车牌字符分割方法研究的基础上,提出一种基于Canny边缘检测和数学形态学处理的车牌字符分割方法。该方法以获得真实明确的车牌字符位置信息为着眼点,采用Canny边缘检测、数学形态学运算和同态滤波等处理方法,判断决策的依据充分、方法简单明确,实验中获得了较好的效果。     

互信息医学图像配准研究与局部极值的克服

研究了基于互信息的三维医学图像配准，并克服了的局部极值问题。改进了互信息和归一化互信息的公式，减小了计算量：对Powell算法的方向替换策略进行矫正，最大限度地保持原搜索方向；采用预谩旋转量的方法有效解决了插值赝像局部极值问题。采用背景阚值策略，减小了互信息的计算区域，应用形态学方法，去除了PET图像的背景伪迹，使用了多分辨率策略，有效地提高了配准的速度。实验表明，用谊改进的算法进行三雏医学图像配准可以达到亚像素精度，且在速度上有了明显的提高。