Mock Jurors' Perceptions of Child Witnesses: The Impact of Judicial Warning.

The present study examined the impact of a judicial warning, witness age, and the method of testimony presentation on mock jurors' perceptions of credibility of witnesses and accused, and on guilty verdicts. The participants were 435 undergraduate university students who listened to an audio-taped summary of a theft trial followed by abbreviated instructions to the jury. Witness age was 7, 10, or 23, the jury warning was either present or absent when witnesses were children, and the testimony by the prosecution eyewitness and accused were either presented or summarized. For the taped testimony conditions, the mock witnesses and the accused read a fact pattern describing the events in the case and were audiotaped as they answered a series of questions, which constituted direct and cross-examination. The testimony of the 7-year-old child, compared to the 10-year-old, was associated with lower cognitive competence and higher suggestibility, but also with higher accuracy of recall (lower mistaken recollection) and lower credibility of accused. The pattern of results for appraisal of the older child was more similar to that of an adult witness. The young adult was judged to be less trustworthy than children of either age. While the presence of a warning had no impact on guilty verdicts when a 7-year-old was a witness, there were fewer guilty verdicts when a witness was 10 years old. Participants also made fewer guilty verdicts when a young adult's testimony, compared to conditions involving child witnesses, was presented, but not when it was summarized. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

水利水电工程仿真系统可信性评估研究

水利水电工程的规划、设计、施工与管理过程都是极其复杂的。仿真技术的发展与应用给水利水电工程的各项工作提供了很有效的辅助手段，但长期以来，人们在利用仿真技术进行辅助决策时，进行更多的是对仿真结果可信性的评估，对于仿真模型乃至仿真系统本身的可信性问题缺乏研究。本文分析了水利水电工程仿真系统可信性评估的现状，并对该领域仿真系统可信性评估的内容、遵循的原则及评估方法进行研究。     

AUV半实物仿真系统的可信度研究

AUV半实物仿真系统是用于在实验室阶段研究AUV各种控制算法的半实物仿真系统。本文应用可信度研究中最基本的方法一相似理论法，时AUV半实物仿真系统的可信度进行了评估．通过计算验证了系统模型的可信性，同时为模型算法的修正和控制算法的验证奠定了良好的基础。     

小型低温制冷机上的低温密封型式浅析

随着小型低温制冷机在工业、高科技等尖端产业得到越来越广泛的应用，用于其上的低温密封也愈来愈引起人们的重视，低温密封比起普通的密封具有自己独特的要求，该文主要针对小型低温制冷机中的低温密封型式进行简要的说明，并具体给出一些低温制冷机上采用的低温密封实例。     

混沌易碎水印的图象可靠性研究

文章讨论了易碎数字水印在数字图象防篡改中的应用，提出了一种新的混沌易碎数字水印算法以及相应的篡改检测方法。构造了一种新的水印预处理的方法，使处理后的水印信号具有对初值敏感的混沌特性。在图象离散小波域的低频中嵌入混沌水印信号，可以检测图象的局部变化，给出篡改相应的位置信息，并且对有损压缩和加噪有一定的抵抗能力。实验仿真证明该方法是有效的。     

考虑决策者时序偏好的时域证据融合方法

针对时域不确定信息的融合难题，为充分体现时域信息融合的动态性特点和时间因素对融合的影响，在证据理论的基础上，提出一种考虑决策者时序偏好的时域证据融合方法。首先将决策者对时序的偏好融入时域证据融合，通过分析时域证据序列的特点，在定义时序记忆因子的基础上，对决策者的时序偏好进行度量；然后通过构建优化模型求解时序权重，再结合证据信任度的概念，对证据源进行修正；最后利用Dempster组合规则对修正后的证据进行融合。数值算例表明，与没有考虑时间因素的融合方法相比，考虑决策者时序偏好的证据融合方法可以有效处理时域信息序列中的冲突信息，得到合理的融合结果；同时，所提方法充分考虑了时域证据序列的信任度和决策者的主观偏好，可以反映决策者主观因素对时域证据融合的影响，较好地体现了时域证据融合的动态性特点。     

Optimal water resource planning under fixed budget by interval-parameter credibility constrained programming

In this study, an interval credibility constrained programming (ICCP) was developed through introducing the concept of intervals into credibility constrained programming framework. Interval credibility levels can help decision makers to reflect uncertainties of preferences. By ICCP, a water resource planning model with fixed fuzzy budget was developed for supporting the planning of agriculture development and environmental protection. Surface and ground water were planned for regional irrigation in wet and normal seasons. For the interval credibility preference, best and worst cases were analysed. The tradeoff between the budget and the benefit were studied by sensitive analysis. The results showed that the current water resource budget is reasonable.     

Factors influencing bid-winning performance in mixed crowdsourcing: The persuasive effect of credible information sources

Mixed crowdsourcing is increasingly becoming the main organizational model of domestic crowdsourcing platforms. However, research on the interpretation of winning performance fails to focus on the persuasive effect of the credibility of the contractor's information source on the contractee's decision making. Based on source credibility theory (SCT), this study constructs a model of the factors influencing the contractor's bid-winning performance based on three aspects—credibility, professionalism, and attractiveness—and examines the moderating effect of positive contractor evaluations from previous tasks on the bid decision. The results reveal that integrity guarantee and contact authentication (which belong to the credibility dimension), as well as ability level and professional identity (professionalism dimension) positively affect the contractor's bid-winning performance, and that an inverted-U-shaped relationship exists between the number of services displayed by the contractors (attractiveness dimension) and bid-winning performance.     

基于语义相似度的Web信息可信分析

互联网上的虚假事实陈述严重影响人们有效地获取信息,如何判定事实陈述是否可信成为一个亟待解决的问题.文中提出了一种针对事实陈述的可信判定模型MFSV.该模型针对事实陈述的特点,从互联网上搜集与待判定事实陈述相关的文本信息,度量其与对应事实陈述的语义相似度;同时,该模型考虑了相关文本信息在可信度上的差别,从受欢迎程度和重要程度两个方面度量了相关文本信息来源的可信度,并获取了相关文本信息的可信度排序;根据语义相似度以及可信度排序,衡量了相关文本信息对对应事实陈述可信判定所做出的贡献,并以此为基础实现了待判定事实陈述的可信判定.一系列的实验验证了该模型的合理性及可信判定的准确性.     

可信度控制下的相继开断潮流快速计算

电力系统相继开断的分析面临着维数灾和交流潮流计算量大的瓶颈,分布因子法被广泛研究以减少其计算量。但由于分布因子法忽略了非线性因素,误差不但难以控制,并随相继开断不断积累,严重阻碍其实际应用。为了使开断潮流的计算兼具分布因子法的快速性和交流潮流法的精确性,基于摄动获取的二阶灵敏度,提出分布因子法的可信度指标,并据其判断是否需要运行一次交流潮流来消除累积误差。仿真实例表明,该指标能可靠地估计分布因子法的误差,而设计的计算框架则在保证精度的基础上,提升了计算效率。