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41.
A poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)/montmorillonite clay nanocomposite was synthesized via in situ polymerization. Microscopic studies revealed that in an isothermal crystallization process, some crystallites in the nanocomposite initially were rod‐shaped and later exhibited three‐dimensional growth. The crystallites in the nanocomposite were irregularly shaped, rather than spherulitic, being interlocked together without clear boundaries, and they were much smaller than those of neat PET. With Avrami analysis, the isothermal crystallization kinetic parameters (the Avrami exponent and constant) were obtained. The rate constants for the nanocomposite demonstrated that clay could greatly increase the crystallization rate of PET. The results for the Avrami exponent were consistent with the observation of the rodlike crystallites in the PET/clay nanocomposite during the initial stage. Wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and Fourier transform infrared studies showed that, in comparison with neat PET, the crystal lattice parameters and crystallinity of the nanocomposite did not change significantly, whereas more defects may have been present in the crystalline regions of the nanocomposite because of the presence of the clay. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1381–1388, 2004 相似文献
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Utilizing the solvothermal synthesis technique, lithium intercalated tungsten disulfide LixWS2 with x > 1 was obtained, which was allowed to react with water to the formation of single-molecule-layer suspension of tungsten disulfide. The layered nanocomposites PEG, PEO/WS2, intercalating poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG, MW ≈ 1 × 103, 6 × 103, 1 × 104) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO, MW ≈ 3 × 105) into the tungsten disulfide host galleries, were prepared using the improved exfoliation-adsorption technique. It was revealed that the intercalated polymers within the host galleries are in a double-layer arrangement with an interlayer expansion of about 9 Å. Despite high conductivity of the host material, those of the PEG, PEO/WS2 nanocomposites were found to be high in the order of 1 × 10−2 to 10−3 S cm−1 at ambient temperature, resulted from the guest-host charge transfers. 相似文献
44.
剥离型酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)对蒙脱土进行了有机化处理,使蒙脱土由亲水性变成亲油性。采用XRD、FTIR及TEM研究了有机蒙脱土及其在酚醛树脂中的剥离行为,制备了酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料并测试了其层间剪切性能和烧蚀性能。实验结果表明,经CTAB处理的蒙脱土与酚醛树脂具有良好的相容性,且CTAB的含量较多时所制得的有机蒙脱土的结构较好,根据Bragg方程计算,CTAB用量超过蒙脱土量50%时,蒙脱土的片层间距由原来的1.48 nm增加到2.33 nm;有机蒙脱土用量小于5%时生成完全剥离型酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料;与碳布增强酚醛树脂复合材料相比,碳布增强酚醛树脂/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能和烧蚀性能均有一定的提高和改善,层间剪切强度随蒙脱土含量的增多而增大,蒙脱土用量为15%时,层间剪切强度提高了27.1%,线烧蚀率在用量为3%时降低了48.5%,质量烧蚀率变化不明显。 相似文献
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聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的研究进展 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
戈明亮 《合成材料老化与应用》2003,32(1):29-33,49
介绍了聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料的制备原理及插层方法。并对国内外的研究进展进行了综述,讨论了蒙脱土对聚丙烯结晶性能的影响。蒙脱土的加入聚丙烯有异相成核的作用。另外介绍了聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料中蒙脱土对聚丙烯力学性能的影响。其力学性能随蒙脱土含量的增加先增加后下降。 相似文献
47.
Preparation and characterization of mesostructured polymer-functionalized sol–gel-derived thin films
B. Smarsly G. Garnweitner R. Assink C. Jeffrey Brinker 《Progress in Organic Coatings》2003,47(3-4):393-400
The present study attempts to incorporate methacrylate-based polymers into ordered lamellar organic/inorganic nanocomposite films composed of alternating SiO2/polymer layers. The films are prepared by dip-coating from a solution containing the monomers and silica precursors, thus leading to composite lamellar mesostructured materials through evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA). A polymerizable coupling agent is added to covalently link the polymers to the silica matrix. The final polymer/SiO2 hybrid material is obtained by a separate free-radical polymerization step, initiated by UV exposure or thermal treatment. Using trimethoxy(7-octen-1-yl)silane as a coupling agent, a procedure was established that preserved the mesostructure and maintained the swelling properties of the polymers, while acrylate-based coupling agents lead to a significant distortion of the film mesostructure. Structure and composition of the films were studied by X-ray diffraction, NMR and IR. 相似文献
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Modulated temperature differential scanning calorimetry is used to explore the interactions between a poly(amide) 6 matrix and various types of clay reinforcement. During quasi-isothermal crystallization of the polymer/clay nanocomposites, an excess contribution is observed in the recorded heat capacity signal, due to reversible melting and crystallization. It is proposed that the magnitude of this excess contribution can be used to qualify the polymer/clay interfacial interaction, as it is directly linked to the segmental mobility of the polymer chains in the interphase region, where both the crystalline and amorphous polymer fractions are affected. It is shown that the interfacial interaction strongly depends on the type of clay filler used. These interactions play a key role in the development of specific material properties for the different types of nanocomposites. A simple interphase model for the poly(amide) 6/clay nanocomposites is proposed. 相似文献
50.
Cyanate ester (CE)/bentonite (BT) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending of CE with NH4+‐BT. The nanostructure of CE/BT nanocomposites was studied by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that partially intercalated and partially exfoliated structures coexisted in CE/BT nanocomposites containing 2.5 wt % BT with respect to that of bulk CE. Below 2.5 wt % BT content, a totally exfoliated and disordered structure was formed in the nanocomposites. The exfoliated BT enhanced the toughness of CE/BT nanocomposites. The impact strength showed a maximum of 7.1kJ/m2 at 1 wt % BT, compared to 3.8kJ/m2 of pure CE. Furthermore, results of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) suggest that CE/BT nanocomposites have higher thermal stability. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 632–637, 2005 相似文献