玉米生物基化工醇高沸点组分分离研究

生物基化工醇生产过程中产生的高沸点组分GC-MS分析。分离出22个峰,鉴定14个组分,主要为长链二元醇(38.43%)和环状二元醇(57.43%)。探讨了减压蒸馏和分子蒸馏分离高沸点组分。结果表明,减压蒸馏和分子蒸馏可实现生物化工醇高沸点组分分段分离。     

环氧丙烷生产工艺述评及发展设想

介绍国内环氧丙烷生产概况和氯醇法、联产法及过氧化氢直接氧化丙烯制环氧丙烷工艺,以及近期国内外环氧丙烷生产工艺研发情况。并对比3种生产工艺,提出对国内环氧丙烷改造和发展的意见。     

JH-410聚醚多元醇的合成

JH-410聚醚多元醇是以淀粉和甲醇为原料合成混合葡萄糖苷（以下简称7昆苷）,然后以混苷为主起始剂,甘油为共起始剂,氢氧化钾为催化剂,与环氧丙烷聚合而成。本文着重介绍了它的合成工艺,讨论了相关因素对反应结果的影响,产品收率可达100％,成本可降低30％以上。     

无污染型单组分聚氨酯树脂的研究与应用

介绍了一种新型无污染型单组分聚氨酯树脂的合成、制造方法、生产工艺流程以及应用范围和使用方法等，该产品主要技术指标明显优于国内同类型产品，具有广阔的市场前景。     

Salt-free Miso Fermentation Using Ethanol, Sugars, and Polyols

Steam-cooked soybeans mixed with rice koji (2:1, w/w) were ground into a fine paste, combined with NaCl or sucrose, and supplemented with ethanol for miso fermentation at 28 °C for 8 wk. In products containing the same concentrations of NaCl and sucrose, proteolytic activities decreased with an increase in ethanol concentration. At the same level of ethanol (7.5% or 15%), protein hydrolysis was highest in products containing 12.5% sucrose and 0% NaCl and lowest in products containing 0% sucrose and 12.5% NaCl. NaCl enhanced and sucrose reduced the effects of ethanol on inhibition of koji proteases. A salt-free fermentation was achieved using 15% ethanol and 12.5% sucrose. When sucrose (12.5%) was substituted by glucose, fructose, sorbitol, or glycerol and supplemented with 15% ethanol, prevention of protease inactivation by ethanol was similar to that with sucrose.     

UV光催化桐油基多元醇的制备及超支化聚氨酯的表征

首先将桐油与甲醇经过酯交换反应得到桐酸甲酯,再将其与过氧化氢和乙酸反应制备环氧桐酸甲酯;然后以三芳基硫金翁盐为催化剂,在UV光条件下催化环氧桐酸甲酯与二乙醇胺开环,制备桐油基多元醇;最后以桐油基多元醇、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯等为原料,以二月桂酸二丁基锡为催化剂,经过两步法反应制备了桐油基超支化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。结果表明,在UV光条件下,三芳基硫金翁盐可以催化环氧桐酸甲酯开环制备桐油基多元醇,其羟基值为599.54 mg KOH/g,相对分子质量为544;以桐油基多元醇为核得到的聚氨酯丙烯酸酯具有良好的光固化活性,以及良好的热稳定性能和力学性能,并且成膜的表面光滑、平整,其玻璃化转变温度为37.2℃,拉伸强度为8.58 MPa,断裂伸长率为23.31%,表面张力为41.36 mJ/m 2。     

长碳链多元受阻醇催化酯化的研究

长碳链多元受阻醇的酯化能否顺利进行的关键在于催化剂的选择．本文通过几种催化剂的催化活性比较，发现杂多酸（磷钨酸）具有理想的酯化催化作用，并对其催化机理进行了分析．     

Parallel hydrogenation of 2,2‐dimethylol‐1‐butanal and formaldehyde over supported NiCr and CuCr catalysts

The hydrogenation kinetics of 2,2‐dimethylol‐1‐butanal (TMP‐aldol) and formaldehyde were studied over two commercial supported catalysts; NiCr on silica and CuCr on alumina. Both catalysts hydrogenated the aldol selectively to triol, but the kinetic trends differed widely. With the nickel catalyst, the aldol hydrogenation was not started before almost all of the formaldehyde was consumed from the bulk phase, whereas the copper‐containing catalyst hydrogenated aldol and formaldehyde in parallel. Rate equations for the hydrogenation of aldol and formaldehyde were derived from a competitive surface mechanism. Since formaldehyde retarded significantly the hydrogenation rate of aldol over NiCr, the kinetic model was modified in order to take into account the inhibitory effect of formaldehyde. With the modified model, the experimental data produced over the NiCr catalyst were rather well described. The data from the experiments over the CuCr catalyst followed pseudo‐first order kinetics remarkably well. Furthermore, the kinetic model without the inhibitory effect of formaldehyde was able to describe the governing trends of the data obtained over the CuCr catalyst. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry     

聚醚-酯嵌段共聚物提高聚氨酯弹性体水解稳定性的研究

采用双金属络合催化剂(DMC),以脂肪族己二酸系聚酯多元醇为起始剂,与环氧丙烷、环氧乙烷进行烷氧基化反应,制得聚醚酯多元醇用于聚氨酯弹性体(PUE)的合成,可得到综合性能优良的PUE材料。在相同硬段含量下,聚醚酯型PUE的力学性能接近纯聚酯型PUE,优于纯聚醚型PUE,并且其耐水解性能得到较大的提高,接近纯聚醚型PUE。     

由聚醚合成聚醚酯嵌段共聚物的研究

采用对甲苯磺酸催化剂，以聚醚二元醇（PPG-2000）首先同羧酸反应产生由大部分羧酸基团封端的聚醚酯，随后向该聚醚酯中加入丙二醇继续反应合成由羟基封端的聚醚酯。制得的聚醚酯多元醇应用于微孔聚氨酯弹性体（MPUE）的合成，得到了综合性能均优良的MPUE材料。在相同硬段含量下，聚醚酯型MPUE的力学性能与纯聚酯型MPUE的力学性能接近，而该聚醚酯型MPUE的耐水解性能接近纯聚醚型MPUE。