游动芯头拉拔模具失效分析

为了改善游动芯头拉拔过程中芯头模具的磨损,揭示芯头在拉拔过程中不同形式的失效机理.利用扫描电镜,金相显微镜对不同失效形式下模具进行观察及成分分析,同时对拉拔润滑油和铜管进行密度和黏度测量.结果表明:芯头模具表面局部Co元素的缺失或其黏合作用相对较小,导致WC颗粒在模具表面形成竖道划痕;芯头模具由于受到管材变形时压应力,在温升和润滑不良的情况下形成环形沟槽缺陷;管坯中的气孔在变形过程中贯穿连接,以及模具表面粗糙度的提升,导致管材上的铜粘附在模具表面.     

掺杂纳米粒子有机-无机复合涂层的疏水、防护性能

为了改善复合涂层的疏水、防护性能,在正硅酸乙酯/硅烷(偶联剂,KH550)杂化溶胶中掺杂了纳米SiO2,纳米TiO2和羟基化的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs-OH),采用浸渍-提拉法制备了3种有机-无机复合涂层,用不同的修饰剂对其表面进行修饰。通过水接触角、扫描电镜(SEM)和电化学方法,研究了不同修饰剂对涂层疏水和防护性能的影响。结果表明:十七氟癸基三甲氧基硅烷修饰剂对改善3种复合涂层的疏水性能效果最好,其接触角分别达到了120.95°,121.62°和146.58°;在3.5%NaCl溶液中3种复合涂层的腐蚀电流密度都比铝合金降低了3个数量级;3种复合涂层都具有良好的疏水和防护性能,其中MWCNTs-OH复合涂层的效果最佳。     

铌钛处理对冷轧超深冲IF钢再结晶温度的影响及应用

在实验室模拟不同退火温度下分别加Nb、加Ti成分处理的冷轧超深冲IF钢的力学性能及金相组织变化。利用强度示差分析法确定加Nb、加Ti处理的冷轧超深冲IF钢再结晶温度,并经大生产实践验证确认;在此基础上,进一步确定了冷轧超深冲IF钢最优退火温度。     

连续柱状晶CuAlNi合金无模拉拔过程中的组织性能演变

在进料速率0.5 mm/s,冷热源距离15 mn保持不变,拉拔速率0.8—1.1 mm/s,变形温度650—900℃的条件下,对连续柱状晶组织Cu-14.0%Al-3.8%Ni(质量分数)合金线材进行了无模拉拔实验,研究了无模拉拔工艺与合金显微组织和力学性能的关系,并对变形后合金组织性能演变的机理进行了探讨.结果表明:平直晶界连续柱状晶合金线材经无模拉拔变形后,可形成平直晶界和锯齿状晶界连续柱状晶、不完全动态再结晶和完全动态再结晶4种微观组织.在变形温度650℃,拉拔速率0.80.9 mm/s的范围内,变形后合金仍然保持平直晶界连续柱状晶组织;随着变形温度和拉拔速率的提高,连续柱状晶的平直晶界向锯齿状晶界转变.当拉拔速率为0.9 mm/s,变形温度上升至850℃时,合金呈现出明显的不完全动态再结晶的组织特征,即原始柱状晶粒沿变形方向拉长变细,在部分锯齿状晶界处有细小的动态再结晶晶粒产生;继续升高温度至900℃,合金发生完全动态再结晶,大量等轴、尺寸较大的动态再结晶晶粒完全取代了变形的柱状晶粒.拉拔变形后合金线材的抗拉强度随着变形温度的升高先小幅度增加然后显著降低,而伸长率则单调降低.     

Prediction of limiting drawing ratio considering the effective parameters of die arc region

In this paper an improved analytical method for estimating the limiting drawing ratio (LDR) for the first drawing stage is presented. In this method, the effects of parameters such as the geometry and the material properties of die arc region are taken into account for a more accurate determination of LDR. The results are compared to experiments and some other analytical methods reported in the literature. It is shown that the presented method is in good agreement with the experimental results and more accurate compared with other analytical methods. Using the presented method, the effect of some process parameters such as, coefficient of friction, strain hardening exponent, normal plastic anisotropy ratio, ratio of die arc radius to blank thickness and ratio of blank thickness to diameter on LDR is investigated.     

Defects in axisymmetrically drawn bars caused by longitudinal superficial imperfections in the initial material

Metallic wires and bars are produced by axisymmetric drawing of hot rolled material and must not display surface defects that impair their service use or whose opening during subsequent cold forming is unacceptable. Experimental and numerical (Finite Element Analysis - FEA) analyses of the evolution of longitudinal superficial defects in copper bars during seven successive axisymmetric drawing passes are presented. The initial experimental defects displayed a rectangular cross-section, 1 mm wide and 0.3, 0.6 or 0.9 mm deep; the two latter evolved after drawing into the “inverted Y” defect already reported in the literature, but the former led to a newly reported “double V” defect. There was a good agreement between the results from experiments and FEA and further analyses were then carried only through FEA, covering two other materials (a carbon steel and aluminum), a decrease in the defect width (from 1.0 to 0.5 mm) and an inclination of 15° or 30° of the walls of the 1.0 mm wide rectangular defect. The defect evolution was similar for the three materials; the decrease in the defect width enhanced the incidence of “inverted Y” defects, and indicated the formation of newly reported “Radial” and “Inverted V” defects. The inclination of the defect walls led to the possibility of a change from the “inverted Y” defect to a “double V” one. Defects 0.3 mm deep and with walls at 30° were eliminated by the present drawing sequence. A novel approach for the prediction of the effect of the initial superficial imperfections on the final drawn stock, through the so called “defect evolution maps” is presented.     

游戏机机芯底座级进模设计

介绍了游戏机机芯底座的级进模设计方案。模具的难点是带有容易引起条料变形的拉深形状,设计时采用了一些针对性的措施解决条料变形。另外,产品对外观、尺寸、平面度等有较高的要求,在设计方案中采用了适当的措施来改善和消除对产品外观、毛刺、平面度的不良影响。生产实践证明,设计方案是可行的,可为同行借鉴。     

基于压边力控制方盒形件拉深成形的数值模拟

板料拉深成形的起皱和破裂是拉深成形工件常出现的主要成形缺陷。通过压边圈对板料施加一定的压边力是控制板料塑性流动的有效方法。利用有限元数值模拟方法,在整体压边圈方式、不同的恒定压边力及变压边力加载模式下模拟方盒形件拉深成形材料流动情况。从模拟结果看出:在变压边力加载下,方盒形件拉深成形结果比恒定压边力下的理想。通过压边圈对板料施加变压边力是控制板料塑性流动的一种有效方法,可以抑制板料起皱和延缓破裂以及提高拉深件成形性能。     

基于快速成型原理的实物模型制作系统

模型是制图教学中不可缺少的教具,虚拟模型易于创建而实物模型的真实感更强,二者在目前的教学中均发挥着重要的作用。但遗憾的是,观摩这些现成的模型对学生来说是被动的认知,其效果远远不及引导学生自己来制作实物模型。论文介绍了一种基于快速成型原理的实物模型制作系统,利用一台电脑和打印机便可以快速、低成本地制作出各种复杂的模型。制作模型的实践环节不仅能够激发学生的学习兴趣,还能够促进学生对截切、辅助平面法和剖切等难点、重点内容的理解和掌握。     

基于室内拉拔试验的GFP SN力学特性研究

对螺纹状和光面两种不同表面特性的GFPSN进行了室内拉拔试验,以砂浆为锚固体,研究了室 内拉拔试验中GFPSN承受拉拔荷载的力学特性。结果表明,GFPSN的表面特性对其拉拔性能和破坏形 式影响较明显,在破坏前GFPSN的各点应力随拉拔力增大而增大,GFPSN的埋设范围内应力大小分布 不均匀。