Mechanical,electrical, and thermal expansion properties of carbon nanotube-based silver and silver-palladium alloy composites

The mechanical, electrical, and thermal expansion properties of carbon nanotube（CNT）-based silver and silver–palladium（10：1, w/w） alloy nanocomposites are reported. To tailor the properties of silver, CNTs were incorporated into a silver matrix by a modified molecular level-mixing process. CNTs interact weakly with silver because of their non-reactive nature and lack of mutual solubility. Therefore, palladium was utilized as an alloying element to improve interfacial adhesion. Comparative microstructural characterizations and property evaluations of the nanocomposites were performed. The structural characterizations revealed that decorated type-CNTs were dispersed, embedded, and anchored into the silver matrix. The experimental results indicated that the modification of the silver and silver–palladium nanocomposite with CNT resulted in increases in the hardness and Young＇s modulus along with concomitant decreases in the electrical conductivity and the coefficient of thermal expansion（CTE）. The hardness and Young＇s modulus of the nanocomposites were increased by 30%？40% whereas the CTE was decreased to 50%-60% of the CTE of silver. The significantly improved CTE and the mechanical properties of the CNT-reinforced silver and silver–palladium nanocomposites are correlated with the intriguing properties of CNTs and with good interfacial adhesion between the CNTs and silver as a result of the fabrication process and the contact action of palladium as an alloying element.     

TC10钛合金相变点的测定

分别用计算法、热膨胀法和连续升温金相法测定了TC10钛合金的β相转变温度.结果表明,计算法得到该合金相变点温度为936℃,热膨胀法测得该合金相变点温度为939.6℃,连续升温金相法测得该合金相变点温度为937.5℃.3种方法测得的结果相当接近,说明这3种方法可以相互结合使用.     

热膨胀法判定建窑黑瓷烧成温度的应用研究

以热膨胀仪判定建窑黑瓷烧成温度的研究为例,综合运用多种测试方法对建窑黑瓷标本进行了系统研究,探讨如何从建窑黑瓷胎体重烧热膨胀曲线中筛选有效转折点的问题及其转折点的形成原因。研究表明:(1)建窑黑瓷胎体重烧热膨胀曲线上有三个转折点,分别为收缩转折点、膨胀转折点和急剧收缩点。其中第一个收缩转折点是判定其古代烧成温度的关键点。(2)建窑黑瓷胎体重烧热膨胀曲线上膨胀转折点和急剧收缩点的形成皆与其胎体中大量Fe_2O_3在高温下发生分解反应有关。该研究不仅为热膨胀仪测定建窑黑瓷烧成温度的应用研究提供判定依据,也将为科学认识古陶瓷胎体重烧热膨胀曲线上多个转折点的形成机理提供数据支持。     

石英砂热膨胀性的研究

以大林砂、围场砂、平潭砂等为研究对象,采用自制的铸造用砂热膨胀性测定仪,分别对不同产地的铸造用砂的随温热膨胀和等温热膨胀进行了测试,对其热膨胀特性进行了研究.结果发现,石英砂的膨胀以热膨胀为主,相变膨胀为辅.膨胀量受加热温度、砂子粒度以及SiO2含量的影响.经700 ℃热再生的石英砂的热膨胀性低于同类新砂.     

Effect of temperature on vacuum hot bulge forming of BT20 titanium alloy cylindrical workpiece

Temperature is one of the key parameters for BT20 titanium alloy cylindrical workpiece manufactured by vacuum hot bulge forming. A two-dimensional nonlinear thermo-mechanical coupled FE model was established. Numerical simulation of vacuum hot bulge forming process of titanium alloy cylindrical workpiece was carried out using FE analysis software MSC Marc. The effects of temperature on vacuum hot bulge forming of BT20 titanium alloy cylindrical workpiece were analyzed by numerical simulation. The simulated results show that the Y-direction displacement and the equivalent plastic strain of the workpiece increase with increasing bulge temperature. The residual stress decreases with increasing bulge temperature. The optimal temperature range of BT20 titanium alloy during vacuum hot bulge forming is 750-850 ℃. The corresponding experiments were carried out. The simulated results agreed well with the experimental results.     

Al2Mo3-xWxO12的合成及热膨胀特性的研究

使用共沉淀法合成了完全固溶的Al2Mo3-xWxO12系列粉体材料，用热机械分析(TMA)压缩法测定其热膨胀系数，发现Al2Mo3-xWxO12的单斜-正交转变温度随x增加而下降；通过调整材料的组成，可以控制材料的热膨胀系数，并有望在此类材料中获得近零或负热膨胀材料。但是由于其结构的各向异性，多晶陶瓷内部存在的微裂纹使热膨胀曲线出现较大的滞后环。     

冷轧态Ti-35Nb-2Zr-0.3O合金的异常热膨胀行为

采用高真空非自耗电弧熔炼炉对Ti-35Nb-2Zr-0.3O (质量分数,%)合金进行熔炼。运用OM、XRD、SEM、TEM和静态热机械分析仪对Ti-35Nb-2Zr-0.3O合金进行表征,研究冷轧形变对合金显微组织及热膨胀行为的影响。结果表明:Ti-35Nb-2Zr-0.3O合金在冷轧过程中产生应力诱发马氏体α"(stress-induced martensiticα",SIMα")相,并形成平行于轧制方向的强110织构。等轴晶组织的Ti-35Nb-2Zr-0.3O合金表现出正常的热膨胀行为。形变后,合金的热膨胀行为出现异常现象,轧制方向表现为负膨胀,负膨胀程度随着形变量的增加而增大,截面方向表现为大于固溶态的正膨胀。30%形变合金的轧制方向在室温到250℃具有Invar效应,这一现象归因于SIMα"相变、晶格畸变和110织构的形成。冷轧态Ti-35Nb-2Zr-0.3O合金在室温到110℃的异常膨胀归因于SIMα"相到β相的晶格转变,而在高于110℃的异常膨胀行为归因于ω相和α相的析出。     

耐火填料急热膨胀值与涂层高温抗裂性的关系

通过对耐火填料和砂基底的急热膨胀值的测定，证实了耐火填料与砂基底之间的膨胀值是否相匹配决定了涂料层在高温下开裂的程度。根据此法选出的耐火材料所组成的涂料在高温急热时不开裂，浇注出的铸件表面无缺陷，表面粗糙度达１８－Ｓ。     

高SiC含量的Al基复合材料的制备Ⅱ:SiC预成形坯无压渗透纯Al

以氧化结合制备的SiC多孔骨架为先驱体,采用无压渗透工艺制备出致密、增强体分布高度均匀的纯铝基复合材料.SiC预成形坯渗入纯铝后无形状和尺寸的变化.加入SiC后,铝基体的强度提高至300MPa以上,弹性模量提高至120GPa以上且随SiC含量的增加而增大.复合材料的热膨胀性能可通过SiC的含量来调整,当SiC的体积含量介于39%至62%之间时,室温至100℃的平均线热膨胀系数介于12.9×10-6/℃至9.11×10-6/℃之间.     

铸造用砂热膨胀测定仪的开发与应用

铸造用砂热膨胀性测试装置,由加热装置、温控装置、移位检测单元、数据记录与处理单元等组成,可实现铸造用砂随温和等温热膨胀性测试.利用本装置测出河北及内蒙古某著名铸造用砂的热膨胀-温度曲线.