Study of anti-coking property of SiO2/S composite coatings deposited by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition

To alleviate catalytic coking on the inner surfaces of radiant tubes for ethylene production in petrochemical plants, SiO₂/S composite coatings were prepared on the surface of HP40 steel tube using dimethyldisulfide (DMDS) and tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition. A comparison of anti-coking property of the coated and uncoated HP40 steel tubes has been made under the same conditions. SiO₂/S composite coatings are compact and have better anti-coking property. The coke on the coated HP40 steel tube is about 22% of that on the uncoated HP40 steel tube, and only small granular coke is deposited on the coated HP40 steel tube. However, the filamentous coke is formed on the uncoated HP40 steel tube. SiO₂/S composite coatings have good thermal stability at cracking temperature by the comparison of Raman spectra before and after coking.     

CrMnMo马氏体衬板钢腐蚀条件下的冲击磨损特性及机理

采用MLDF-10冲击腐蚀磨损试验机研究了CrMnMo马氏体衬板钢和CrNiMo马氏体衬板钢在铁矿石酸性矿浆中的冲击磨损特性。结果表明:在相同工况条件下,CrNiMo马氏体衬板钢的冲击腐蚀磨损机制前期主要是挤出硬化棱脱落,后期转变为轻微的腐蚀和浅层疲劳剥落;CrMnMo马氏体衬板钢的冲击腐蚀磨损机制前期主要为显微切削,后期转变为中度腐蚀以及较为深层的疲劳剥落。     

Captured Kriegsmarine Enigma Documents at Bletchley Park

Abstract

The discovery of intercepts in the Japanese “Orange Translations” regarding the sinking of merchant ships (marus) bearing allied POWs led to the conclusion that the Joint Intelligence Center Pacific Ocean Area (JICPOA) gave latitudes and longitudes of these vessels to the Commander, Submarine Force, Pacific (ComSubPac) knowing that POWs would be killed. An examination of the “Orange Translations” reveals that most of the intercepts are from the Japanese Water Transport Code (2468) system, not the “Maru Code” (JN-11). The author concludes that while JICPOA provided ComSubPac with convoy coordinates, they were unaware of the presence of POWs on the marus.     

用RW40合金制造铝型材热挤压模试验研究

分析了熔炼电炉钢制造的铝型材热挤压模的失效原因及影响因素.试验表明,选用RW40钢结硬质合金制造热挤压模,经锻造和复合强化热处理,使用寿命是熔炼电炉钢模的10～15倍,被誉为寿星模,且型材有美观商品表面.     

钛合金表面等离子喷涂Al2O3-40%TiO2陶瓷涂层的高温摩擦磨损性能

目的 研究温度对钛合金表面Al2O3-40%TiO2陶瓷涂层摩擦磨损性能的影响，探讨涂层在高温下的摩擦磨损机理。方法 采用大气等离子喷涂技术(APS)在TC4钛合金表面制备Al2O3-40%TiO2(AT40)陶瓷涂层。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能量分散谱仪(EDS)，对AT40陶瓷涂层中的微观形貌和物相进行定性分析。借助维氏显微硬度计，研究 AT40陶瓷涂层在常温下的截面显微硬度分布规律，以及高温下的显微硬度。采用多功能摩擦磨损试验机，测试AT40陶瓷涂层在200、350、500 ℃下的摩擦磨损性能，并进行原位在线自动3D形貌表征。结果 AT40陶瓷涂层呈典型的热喷涂层状结构，各相分布均匀，涂层结构致密，平均显微硬度相较于TC4钛合金基材提高了81%。AT40陶瓷涂层在200、350、500 ℃下的高温硬度分别为513HV0.3、463HV0.3、448HV0.3。在200、350 ℃时，AT40陶瓷涂层的平均摩擦系数分别为0.18±0.02和0.38±0.03，磨损率分别为(7.8±0.01)×10^–5 mm³/(N.m)和(37.2±0.01)×10^–5 mm³/(N.m)，涂层具有优异的抗高温摩擦磨损性能。500 ℃时，涂层的平均摩擦系数和磨损率分别为0.77±0.02和(134.4±0.01)×10^–5 mm³/(N.m)，磨痕深度和磨损体积大幅增加，耐磨性能降低。结论 AT40陶瓷涂层在200 ℃和350 ℃的磨损机制主要为微区脆性断裂，在500 ℃时的磨损机制表现为裂纹扩展引起的分层剥落和轻微磨料磨损。     

超高压聚乙烯管式反应器R401缺陷评定

参照英国R6评定方法及美国ASME规范第Ⅺ篇IWB-3640,IWB-3650等评定方法,结合断裂力学有关理论和材料的试验数据,对超高压自增强反应管进行了缺陷评定,得到了无残余应力后的裂纹扩展寿命和反应管满足破前漏结论.     

工艺参数对轻石脑油裂解结焦的影响

为了研究工艺参数对结焦的影响,以轻石脑油为裂解原料,在设定工艺条件下进行了HP40合金试样氧化表面的结焦试验。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能量色散谱仪(EDS)对HP40合金试样表面的氧化层和焦层进行了表征。考察了裂解时间、裂解温度和稀释比对其结焦的影响。结果表明,HP40合金试样表面氧化层多孔,为尖晶石结构,尖晶石的粒径最大约为0.5μm。在裂解温度为850℃时,随着时间增加,结焦量、催化焦丝直径增加,焦丝直径生长速率约为0.027μm/min;在裂解时间为20 min时,随着温度增加,催化焦丝直径增加,焦丝直径生长速率约为0.0051μm/℃,当焦丝直径增加至0.8μm左右时,催化结焦过程结束,热裂解结焦开始。稀释比增大,结焦速率降低。     

Preparation of Mo(Si,Al)2 feedstock used for air plasma spraying

In order to prepare high quality Mo(Si,Al)₂ feedstock characterized with C40 phase, higher Al doping amount and excellent flowability, Mo(Si_1–x,Al_x)₂ with different Al contents (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) were synthesized by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis first and Mo(Si_0.6,Al_0.4)₂ was confirmed as the suitable material through X-ray diffraction analysis. A series of tests with different parameters of induction plasma spheroidization were applied to improving the flowability of feedstock. Mo(Si,Al)₂ feedstock with excellent flowability (26.2 s/50 g) was prepared through adding hydrogen into sheath gas and decreasing the powder feeding rate. The composition segregation occurred in the spheroidized powder after Al consumption and oxidation. The inhomogeneous structure of the same particle was caused by the asymmetric heating and cooling when particle passed through the plasma jet.     

Modeling the yearly Value-at-Risk for operational risk in Chinese commercial banks

In this paper, we explore the loss data collection exercise for operational risk in Chinese commercial banks from 1999 to first half of 2006. Firstly, the above data are bootstrapped to analyze the capital allocation for a medium-scaled commercial bank in China. Secondly, for every selected cell, we calibrate two truncated distributions to fit the loss severity, one for ‘normal’ losses and the other for the ‘extreme’ losses. Moreover, a more realistic dependence structure - multivariate t copula function is used to measure the relation among the selected cells. In the final, the simulation results suggest that substantial savings can be achieved through measuring the dependence by means of multivariate t copula function than by means of perfect positive dependence.