Performance comparison of some discrete service time systems

This paper analyzes and compares the slotted time operation and the non-slotted time operation of a singleserver system with deterministic service time. These two operations are commonly used to model discrete service time systems in computer or digital communications. But due to the similarity in their operations and performance, the two models may be mixed up with each other. This paper examines by means of queueing analysis the performance of a few classes of systems that differ in the service order of their customers. The means and variances of the queue lengths, waiting times and interdeparture times of FCFS systems using the slotted time operations are first obtained from their respective LST and generating function equations. These are then used for comparison with those in non-slotted time systems. The results show that although the slotted time operation in the FCFS systems can be approximated by the non-slotted time operations under heavy traffic condition, the performances under other regions and service disciplines (e.g., the LCFS and the priority systems) may deviate significantly. They must be properly adjusted if one wishes to use the simpler equations of the non-slotted time operations to approximate the slotted time operations. The comparison graphs provided in this paper supply adjustments guidelines for the careful designers.     

应用焊道长度控制线能量

运用ＨｅｒｂｓｔＦＷ公式原理对国产碱性条件进行了大量试验，建立了焊接线能量（Ｅ），焊条熔化长度（ｌＥ），焊道长度（ｌＲ）的关系式：Ｅ＝８０８Ｄ１．８ｌＥ／ｌＲ。并应用线算图和ＳＨ－ＣＣＴ图对该式施焊结果验证，热影响区的金相组织，硬度基本一致。因此，可以应用焊道长度校核与控制线能量。     

一种频率估计的倍频等长信号加权融合算法

提出一种新型加权融合算法.首先,根据倍频等长信号间频率的倍数生成倍频修正矩阵,对倍频等长信号频谱进行同频化处理,使之达到同频等长信号频谱的分析效果.然后,针对倍频等长信号的相位不连续问题,设计具有相位连续特性和噪声对消特性的相位补偿矩阵,对同频化的倍频等长信号频谱进行加权融合,使之近似达到与倍频等长信号长度相同的相位连续信号频谱的分析效果.最后,通过谱峰搜索加权融合频谱获得高精度的频率估计值.算法分析与仿真实验表明:与现有方法相比,本算法精度较高,计算量较小,抗噪性强,普适性好.     

激光测速仪在宽厚板轧机后测长的运用

随着国内厚板产量的增加,其市场竞争日趋激烈。为了更好的谋求发展,莱钢宽厚板厂在降低生产成本的同时,通过技术改造极大地提高产品的质量。因为板坯成材规格需要精确的长度数据,所以宽厚板板坯长度的精确测量就显得非常重要。本文主要介绍激光测速仪在轧机后测长系统中的应用。     

冰期河湖与大气的热交换模型

河湖与大气的热交换模型是计算分析冰凌形成、发展、消融时空变化规律的基础。基于现有太阳辐射、长波辐射、蒸发和对流模型研究成果,以现场冰情要素观测及历史天气资料为依据,建立了适用于冰期计算分析的河湖与大气的热交换非线性模型。提出了考虑晴天散射的太阳辐射计算模型,以Iziomon公式计算大气长波逆辐射,以俄罗斯冬季公式计算蒸发和对流。基于现场观测雪面或冰面温度Ts接近于Ta的实际,提出了在Ts=Ta点对河湖与大气的多参数非线性热交换模型线性化,然后利用历史天气资料,采用线性回归的方法确定热交换系数hsa。研究证实:(1)气象站风级或者风速资料一般不能准确估计地势低洼河面的风速;(2)采用典型年历史天气资料得到的hsa可用于预测其他年的热交换;(3)hsa与Ta成正比,且北京、沈阳、保定、包头的hsa的平均值10.0 W/(m2·℃);(4)漠河和拉萨的hsa略小于北京等地区。     

The influence of hydro‐climatic and anthropogenic effects on the long‐term variation of commercial fisheries in a large floodplain river

This study deals with the effects of climate fluctuations and anthropogenic impacts on fisheries of Paraná River over the last 100 years. It is the first attempt to appraise the influence of hydro‐climatic and anthropogenic variables on the population changes of the most important inland fisheries of Argentina. Datasets covering more than eight decades (1935–2016) of a number of frequent and abundant commercial species inhabiting the main channel as well as the large floodplain of Paraná River were used. Our results suggest that fish catches and structure changed over time. Long and short‐term changes and reductions were closely related to fluctuations of 18 hydro‐climatic variables. Positive effects on the ichthyofauna were recorded during humid periods (1930–1940 and 1970–2000), when the frequency of large spring–summer floods increased. An increase in anthropic impacts (accounted for with nine variables) were recorded during the last two decades. We highlight the usefulness of the approach to support the management of the resources, ensuring sustainability of commercial fish assemblages and the long‐term conservation of biodiversity in big rivers.     

Intelligent tool wear monitoring based on parallel residual and stacked bidirectional long short-term memory network

Effective tool wear monitoring (TWM) is essential for accurately assessing the degree of tool wear and for timely preventive maintenance. Existing data-driven monitoring methods mainly rely on complex feature engineering, which reduces the monitoring efficiency. This paper proposes a novel TWM model based on a parallel residual and stacked bidirectional long short-term memory (PRes–SBiLSTM) network. First, a parallel residual network (PResNet) is used to extract the multi-scale local features of sensor signals adaptively. Subsequently, a stacked bidirectional long short-term memory (SBiLSTM) network is used to obtain the time-series features related to the tool wear characteristics. Finally, the predicted tool wear value is outputted through a fully connected network. A smoothing correction method is applied to improve the prediction accuracy. The proposed model is experimentally verified to have a high prediction accuracy without sacrificing its generalization ability. A TWM system framework based on the PRes–SBiLSTM network is proposed, which has a certain reference value for TWM in actual industrial environments.     

视觉测量中多光学靶点亮度自适应控制

提出了一种面向大视场高精度视觉测量的多红外目标靶点（红外LED）亮度自适应控制方法。以微控制器PIC16F873A和LED驱动芯片MAX6964作为核心器件,设计了可满足大空间范围内靶点亮度控制需求的多目标靶点控制驱动器。为了使LED在近距测量时的调节精度和远近距离测量时的发光亮度都能满足要求,根据MAX6964输出特点设计了PWM信号输出电路,并采用推挽电路驱动LED。实验证明,目标靶点在CCD相机上成像光斑稳定一致。     

基于前景理论的风-蓄联合系统中长期电量分解模型的研究

为解决风-蓄联合系统同时参与中长期市场与日前市场的组合交易问题,提出一种考虑发电商心理特征的方法,并给出基于前景理论的风-蓄联合系统中长期电量分解模型。该模型通过构建发电商收益的价值函数衡量发电商对收益偏差的感受,运用概率权重函数描述发电商对不同场景下中长期电量分配方案的偏好,建立以前景效用值最大化为目标的风-蓄联合系统中长期电量分解模型。算例分析验证了所建模型的合理性和有效性,为发电商制定合理可行的盈利目标,提升发电企业在电力市场环境下的盈利水平提供理论依据和参考。