Design,dynamic modelling and experimental validation of a 2DOF flexible antenna sensor

A two-degree-of-freedom flexible antenna sensor platform was designed to physically simulate the ability of a robotic arm, which rapidly reorients and targets itself towards specific surfaces from different approachable angles. An accurate antenna model involves non-linear expressions that represent the system dynamics. Therefore, a comprehensive study along with experimental work has been carried out in order to achieve accurate system identification and validate the dynamic model. The model developed has proven useful in controlling the antenna tip, minimising the effects of the non-linear flexural dynamics and the Coulomb friction. The system was driven by servo motors. Algebraic controllers were developed for the antenna tip to track the reference trajectory. The platform system used encoders to measure the joint angles and a loadcell sensor to obtain the flexible link tip position. To validate the sensory information, the results obtained by the integrated sensors were compared to that of an external camera system.     

Design and development of low‐cost optical‐fiber sensors for temperature metrology: Process monitoring of an epoxy resin system

This article reports the design and deployment of two optical‐fiber temperature sensors based on the fiber Fabry–Perot etalon. The first involved the use of an extrinsic fiber Fabry–Perot sensor, but in this instance, the coefficient of thermal expansion of the reflector and/or capillary was chosen to offer a mismatch. Hence, the cavity length could increase or decrease according to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the fiber and/or capillary. For comparison, single‐mode and multimode optical‐fiber Bragg gratings were also used as temperature sensors. The Fabry–Perot sensors operated from ?50 to 410°C. The accuracy of the measurements was up to ±0.5°C with a low‐cost charged‐coupling‐device spectrometer. The sensors also worked effectively in a microwave oven and in a composite panel in an autoclave. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 83–95, 2004     

Humidity sensing and electrical properties of polyaniline/cobalt oxide composites

Polyaniline/cobalt oxide composites were synthesized by an in situ chemical polymerization method with ammonium persulfate as an oxidizing agent. This was a single‐step polymerization process for the direct synthesis of the emeraldine salt phase of the polymer. The polymers were characterized with X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis. The formation of mixed phases of the polymer together with the conducting emeraldine salt phase was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. High‐temperature conductivity measurements showed thermally activated behavior. A change in the resistance was observed with respect to the relative humidity when the pellets were exposed to a wide humidity range of 10–95%. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 103: 653–658, 2007     

Exploring approaches to improve the performance of autonomous monitoring with imperfect data in location-aware wireless sensor networks

In recent years, information and sensing technologies have been applied to the construction industry to collect and provide rich information to facilitate decision making processes. One of the applications is using location data to support autonomous crane safety monitoring (e.g., collision avoidance and dangerous areas control). Several location-aware wireless technologies such as GPS (Global Positioning System), RFID (Radio-frequency identification), and Ultra-Wide Band sensors, have been proposed to provide location information for autonomous safety monitoring. However, previous studies indicated that imperfections (errors, uncertainty, and inconsistency) exist in the data collected from those sensors and the data imperfections have great impacts on autonomous safety monitoring system performance. This paper explores five computationally light-weight approaches to deal with the data imperfections, aiming to improve the system performance. The authors built a scaled autonomous crane safety monitoring testbed with a mounted localization system to collect location data and developed five representative test cases based on a live construction jobsite. Seven hundred and sixty location readings were collected at thirty-eight test points from the sensors. Those location data was fed into the reasoning mechanisms with five approaches to generate the safety decisions at those thirty-eight test points and evaluate system performance in terms of precision, recall and accuracy. The results indicate that system performance can be improved if at least ten position readings from sensors can be collected at small intervals at any location along the moving path. However, by including additional data such as velocity and acceleration that may be read from devices mounted on workers, localization error may be significantly reduced. These findings represent a path forward to improve localization accuracy by mixing imperfect data from the sensed environment with supplemental input.     

发光纳米材料和量子点化学传感及其机理

介绍了荧光和磷光纳米材料的种类,如无机半导体量子点,金属离子掺杂的半导体量子点,金属纳米粒子或纳米簇,硅点,碳点和石墨烯点等。接着阐述了这些纳米材料的光致发光的光物理机制和猝灭或增强的一般性原理。最后简要综述了量子点或纳米材料发光的猝灭或增强现象在化学传感中的应用和具体的响应机理。     

Humidity‐sensitive properties of new polyelectrolytes based on the copolymers containing phosphonium salt and phosphine function

A simple strategy was developed based on a new reactive function‐ and a salt‐containing new monomer, 4‐vinylbenzyl dimethyl 2‐(dimethylphosphino)ethyl phosphonium chloride (VDEPC), to obtain stable humidity‐sensitive membranes. The major ingredient of a humid membrane is crosslinked polyelectrolytes obtained from copolymers of VDEPC/2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (2‐EHA) = 1/0, 4/1, and 2/1. Isothermal humidity absorption experiments were performed for the estimation of humidity‐sensing materials. The crosslinked copolymers prepared from the reaction of VDEPC/2‐EHA = 4/1 with 1,4‐dichlorobutane showed an average impedance of 595, 39.1, and 3.9 KΩ at 30, 60, and 90% RH, respectively. Their hysteresis, temperature dependence, frequency dependence, and response time were measured. The reliability including water resistance and a long‐term stability were estimated for the application of the common humidity sensor. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 89: 1062–1070, 2003     

基于MEMS三轴加速度传感器的摔倒检测

摔倒作为人体活动的一部分,是影响人体健康的一大因素,尤其对病人和老年人而言,摔倒检测至关重要。基于MEMS三轴加速度传感器采集的人体活动加速度信号,提出了一种基于固定阈值的信号幅度向量滑动平均法SVMSA。该方法根据人体活动时的加速度信号特征,利用预先设定的阈值对加速度信号幅度向量SVM的滑动平均SVMSA进行判决,同时使用差分信号幅度域DSMA区分快速跑步等剧烈运动,准确实现了人体的摔倒检测。主要优势在于分析并区别了人体快速跑步等剧烈运动对摔倒检测的影响。通过对8位实验者的测试,该算法实现了94.4%的精确度。实验表明该算法能够较为准确地实现人体的摔倒检测。     

移动传感器随机事件捕获

移动传感器在入侵检测的应用研究中,感兴趣区域主要考虑的是特定形状,如圆形或矩形。由于这种限制,很多研究结论通用性差。研究了感兴趣区域是任何形状的一个环;基于移动传感器的速度,移动模式和数量,建立了一个随机模型;分析多个或单个移动传感器沿环检测的性能。在模型中,当所有移动传感器检测时,它们被置以恒定的速度周期性地沿环移动。对于多个移动传感器,它们的速度都相同。入侵事件的模式为每次入侵到达环上一个随机点,抵达后停留一个随机时间长度。根据移动传感器的数量,导出了移动传感器对入侵漏捕概率和首次捕获入侵所需平均时间的一般表达式。最后,评估了移动传感器的检测性能。     

New approach for calculating permanent deformation in asphalt pavement

A new approach using the Fiber Bragg Grating(FBG)sensor and viscoelastic model to monitor and analyze the internal strain and temperature of asphalt pavement is proposed.Some parameters including peak strain,temperature and loading time were calculated with the application of multi-dimensional sensors group.These parameters were incorporated with viscoelastic model of five units to evaluate the permanent deformation of pavement.An application example was conducted,and the results show that it is feasible to analyze and calculate the permanent deformation of pavement structures with FBG sensors.     

非约束环境下人脸识别技术的研究

设计了一种基于全方位视觉传感器(ODVS)和多个高速快球摄像机(PTZ)相融合的装置.利用ODVS在动态图像序列中进行大范围多人体对象目标的检测跟踪,得到大范围内各跟踪人体对象目标的位置、大小等信息;然后根据检测到的这些信息来控制不同方位上的多个高速快球摄像机对人体对象目标的头部进行抓拍;最后根据人脸和人眼检测算法检测出来的人体对象目标的脸部特征对所拍摄到的图像进行筛选,淘汰一些不能用于识别的图像,并统计可以用于人脸识别的图像数量,如果没有达到一定的数量,则控制高速快球继续对该人体对象目标的头部进行抓拍,直至抓拍到足够的可用于人脸识别的图像为止.实验结果表明,通过ODVS和多个高速快球摄像机的视频图像信息融合,即使在人体非约束的情况下也能很好的获取到可用于人脸识别的图像,同时能满足多目标实时跟踪与识别的要求.该装置在安全监控、门禁检查、身份认证等领域都具有很好的实际应用价值.