Photodegradation of phenol red in the presence of oxyhydroxide of Fe(III) (Goethite) under artificial and a natural light

The (α‐FeOOH) Goethite composite is a stable and an efficient catalyst in aqueous suspension under irradiation at 365 nm and by solar light. The photocatalytic activities of this composite were evaluated using Phenol Red (PR) dye (phenolsulfonphthalein class). In the dark, controlling factors, such as the pH and the adsorption of PR on Goethite surface were evaluated (before starting the photochemical experiments). It was found that the system PR‐Goethite present a small decrease in the main band of the dye (435 nm) which was explained by the low rate of adsorption of this dye on the Goethite. Also, we note that 40% of PR decolourisation was obtained after 200 min by the system PR‐Goethite‐hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) in dark due to the formation of ^?OH by thermal decomposition of H₂O₂ on the surface of Goethite. The effects of various experimental parameters, such as initial dye concentration, pH, photocatalyst amount, tert‐Butyl alcohol effect and H₂O₂ addition were investigated in the study of photodegradation of the dye. The results showed that the photodegradation of PR under UV‐A (365 nm) irradiation could be enhanced greatly in the presence of H₂O₂. Natural radiation tests (under sunlight) showed that degradation was faster comparing with that obtained using the artificial one at 365 nm. Studies of the mineralization using total organic carbon method under naturel light certify that this method, compatible with the environment, may be considered in the treatment of wastewater and generally in the process of removal of this kind of pollutant.     

Homogeneous iron-catalyzed photochemical degradation of muconic acid in water

Iron photochemical oxidation has been used to remove muconic acid from water. Two different light systems were used: black lamps and solar irradiation. The effect of iron concentration, intensity of incident radiation, pH and presence of oxalic acid was investigated. The first two variables yield positive effects on the removal rate of muconic acid while higher efficiency was achieved at pH 3. Oxalic acid enhances the oxidation rate because of the formation of photoactive ferrioxalate ion. Stoichiometric results indicated formation of two hydroxyl radicals to degrade 1 mol of muconic acid. At similar experimental conditions, initial oxidation rates of muconic acid were higher when solar light was used to irradiate the aqueous solutions, although in this case, the oxidation process is stopped because of the consumption of photoactive species.     

Investigation on effect of grain orientation in photochemical machining of Monel 400

In this study, microchannels with widths of 60, 100, 150, 200, and 250?µm were fabricated on the surface of Monel 400 alloy, and the effect of the rolling direction on the surface finish and etching depth was investigated. The obtained results revealed that the quality of the microchannel surface finish was better along the rolling direction than across the rolling direction, owing to the grain boundary orientations along the (001) plane. In addition, the etching depth increased along the rolling direction due to the presence of residual stress and plastic strain, which ultimately improved the microchannel quality.     

Excimer laser-induced photochemical modification and adhesion improvement of a fluororesin surface

Modification of a selective area of a fluororesin surface was accomplished by using ArF excimer laser radiation and a boron complex with oleophilic or hydrophilic functional groups. The chemical stability of fluororesin is attributed to the presence of C-F bonds. The F atoms were abstracted by B atoms selectively from the area irradiated with excimer laser radiation and were replaced with the desired functional groups. In this modification, B(CH₃)₃ and B(OH)₃ were used: a boron compound with methyl groups to generate an oleophilic surface, and one with hydroxyl groups to generate a hydrophilic surface. As a result, the resin surface exposed to ArF laser radiation becomes oleophilic or hydrophilic. Both samples were bonded to stainless steel plates with an epoxy bonding agent and the tensile shear strength was 1.2 x 10⁷ Pa in both cases.     

Evaluation of Stable LifeAct-mRuby2- and LAMP1-NeonGreen Expressing A549 Cell Lines for Investigation of Aspergillus fumigatus Interaction with Pulmonary Cells

Inhaled Aspergillus fumigatus spores can be internalized by alveolar type II cells. Cell lines stably expressing fluorescently labeled components of endocytic pathway enable investigations of intracellular organization during conidia internalization and measurement of the process kinetics. The goal of this report was to evaluate the methodological appliance of cell lines for studying fungal conidia internalization. We have generated A549 cell lines stably expressing fluorescently labeled actin (LifeAct-mRuby2) and late endosomal protein (LAMP1-NeonGreen) following an evaluation of cell-pathogen interactions in live and fixed cells. Our data show that the LAMP1-NeonGreen cell line can be used to visualize conidia co-localization with LAMP1 in live and fixed cells. However, caution is necessary when using LifeAct-mRuby2-cell lines as it may affect the conidia internalization dynamics.     

Origins of adolescents' ideal self: An intergenerational perspective.

The present longitudinal study traced the ideal self of 120 adolescents to the ideals that parents hold for themselves and for their children. Ideals were assessed using Q sorts for personality attributes and life goals. After permutation analysis was used to control for random similarity, moderate parent-child ideal-self similarity was evident. Three intermediate transmission steps accounted for this intergenerational similarity: (a) transfer of parents' ideal self to ideals for their children, (b) children's perception, and (c) acceptance of these parental ideals. The last 2 processes related to parenting practices, with parental warmth augmenting parent-child concordance and restrictiveness reducing it. Compared with boys' ideal self, that of girls was more similar to the ideals that parents hold for their children and for themselves. Analyses of patterns over time suggested a growth of ideal-self stability across adolescence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The Relations of Problem Behavior Status to Children's Negative Emotionality, Effortful Control, and Impulsivity: Concurrent Relations and Prediction of Change.

The relations of children's internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors to their concurrent regulation, impulsivity (reactive undercontrol), anger, sadness, and fearfulness and these aspects of functioning 2 years prior were examined. Parents and teachers completed measures of children's (N = 185; ages 6 through 9 years) adjustment, negative emotionality, regulation, and behavior control; behavioral measures of regulation also were obtained. In general, both internalizing and externalizing problems were associated with negative emotionality. Externalizers were low in effortful regulation and high in impulsivity, whereas internalizers, compared with nondisordered children, were low in impulsivity but not effortful control. Moreover, indices of negative emotionality, regulation, and impulsivity with the level of the same variables 2 years before controlled predicted stability versus change in problem behavior status. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Les passions de l'ame: On obsessive and harmonious passion.

Passion is defined as a strong inclination toward an activity that people like, that they find important, and in which they invest time and energy. Two types of passion are proposed: obsessive and harmonious. Obsessive passion (OP) refers to a controlled internalization of an activity in one's identity that creates an internal pressure to engage in the activity that the person likes. Harmonious passion (HP) refers to an autonomous internalization that leads individuals to choose to engage in the activity that they like. HP promotes healthy adaptation whereas OP thwarts it by causing negative affect and rigid persistence. Results from four studies involving more than 900 participants from different populations supported the proposed conceptualization. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)