Direct preparation of particles from liquid suspension for ESEM or SEM analysis

A simplified method for the preparation of particles from liquid suspensions has been developed. Particles are deposited directly on carbon planchets for rapid analysis by environmental scanning electron microscopy or by conventional scanning electron microscopy after an additional drying step. This is accomplished by filtering the liquid through thin carbon planchets. Three different grades of graphite were investigated for their suitability as the source material for these planchets. The high quality isomolded graphite is recommended for the filtration and direct observation of particles by electron microscopy. This technique is demonstrated for particles in hydraulic fluid and aquatic suspended particulate material from a natural water source.     

稀疏气泡流动的粒子跟踪测速技术研究

采用动态阈值技术实现了对气泡图像的正确分割，利用灰度加权方法提高了气泡颗粒的定位精度。根据稀疏气泡流动图像的特点，提出了一种新的基于相关的粒子跟踪测速算法（2-HPTV）。通过进行两时刻中围绕待研究气泡所取的两个小的诊断窗口的相关运算，成功实现了气泡颗粒的轨迹追踪。实验表明本文算法较传统的PIV技术在测速精度上有很大程度的提高，与4帧粒子跟踪测速算法相比，降低了对摄像机帧频的要求，具有较强的实用性。     

A polydispersed particle system representation of the porosity for non-saturated cementitious materials

In this paper, the porosity of cementitious materials is described in terms of pore size distribution by means of a 3-dimensional overlapping sphere system with polydispersivity in size. On the basis of results established by Lu and Torquato [B. Lu, S. Torquato, Nearest-surface distribution functions for polydispersed particle systems, Phys. Rev. A 45(8) (1992) 5530-5544] and Torquato [S. Torquato, Random Heterogeneous Media: Microstructure and Macroscopic Properties. Springer-Verlag: New York, 2001] providing relations for nearest-neighbor distribution functions, the volume fraction of pores having a radius larger than a prescribed value is explicitly expressed. By adopting an appropriate size distribution function for the sphere system, it is shown that the pore size distribution of cementitious materials as detected for instance by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP), which generally points out several pore classes, can be well approached. On the basis of this porosity representation, the evaluation of the capillary pressure in function of the saturation degree is provided. The model is then applied to the simulation of the saturation degree versus relative humidity adsorption curves. The impact of the pore size distribution, the temperature and the thickness of the adsorbed water layer on these parameters are assessed and analyzed for three model materials having different pore characteristics.     

不锈钢精密薄壁件外表面磁力研磨工艺研究

磁性研磨是一种利用磁场中的磁性磨料,对具有相对运动的工件表面进行光整加工的新技术。选择铝、镍、钴磁粉作为磁性磨料时,对奥氏体不锈钢精密薄壁件外表面具有良好的研磨作用。     

Feasibility study on the use of polyallyldiglycol-carbonate cell dishes in TUNEL assay for alpha particle radiobiological experiments

In the present work, we have studied the feasibility of a method based on polyallyldiglycol-carbonate (PADC) films to investigate the effects of alpha particles on HeLa cervix cancer cells. Thin PADC films with thickness of about 20 μm were prepared from commercially available CR-39 films by chemical etching to fabricate custom-made petri dishes for cell culture, which could accurately record alpha particle hit positions. A special method involving “base tracks” for aligning the images of cell nuclei and alpha particle hits has been proposed, so that alpha particle transversals of cell nuclei can be visually counted. Radiobiological experiments were carried out to induce DNA damages, with the TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) fluorescence method employed to detect DNA strand breaks. The staining results were investigated by flow cytometer. The preliminary results showed that more strand breaks occurred in cells hit by alpha particles with lower energies. Moreover, large TUNEL positive signals were obtained even with small percentages of cells irradiated and TUNEL signals were also obtained from non-targeted cells. These provided evidence for the bystander effect.     

新安江模型参数优选的改进粒子群算法

借鉴竞争演化和多种群混合的思想,对粒子群算法(PSO)进行改进,建立并行种群混合进化的粒子群算法(PMSE-PSO)和序列主-从种群混合进行的粒子群算法(SMSE-PSO)。数值模拟结果表明,这两种改进的粒子群算法具有较高的计算效率、较强的自适应性和稳定性。将PMSE-PSO和SMSE-PSO应用于新安江模型的参数优选中,通过与PSO和SCE-UA的比较可以看出,PMSE-PSO和SMSE-PSO不仅具有较好的全局优化性能和稳定性,而且在调用目标函数次数相同的情况下精度较高,是一种有效的新安江模型参数优选方法。     

Solid State Concepts to Understand Catalysis Using Nanoscale Metallic Particles

New advances in theoretical background and recent experimental results concerning nanometer scale metallic clusters are presented. We will begin by a presentation of the advantages and the limitations of synchrotron radiation techniques to characterise nanometer scale entities. Then, through a review of recent papers, we try to make a link between metallic surfaces and nanometer scale monometallic clusters in the case of the interaction with a small molecule, namely NO.     

超微粒子的量子阻尼振动理论

根据SU(1,1)Lie代数,建立超微粒子的量子阻尼振动理论,得到超微粒子量子阻尼振动系统的能级和波函数。     

湖泊藻类叶绿素-α和悬浮物浓度的高光谱定量遥感模型研究

本文利用地物光谱仪对太湖水体进行了光谱测量和同步采样分析，对获得的数据尝试用光谱分离法进行分析，从中分离出蓝藻和悬浮物的特征波峰，建立波峰高度与同步水质采样得到的叶绿素-α浓度和悬浮物浓度的对应关系，得出其遥感定量反演算法，并实际应用在OMIS成像光谱仪图像上．