Electrophoretic deposition of ZnCo2O4 spinel and its electrocatalytic properties for oxygen evolution reaction

In this paper, ZnCo₂O₄ was deposited on nickel substrate by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method as electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction. The effect of electrophoresis variables including the deposition time, the applied voltages was discussed. XRD, SEM, and electrochemical measurement techniques were used to characterize the deposit and ZnCo₂O₄/Ni electrode. Compared with the ZnCo₂O₄ electrode prepared by nitrate decomposition method, the electrophoretic ZnCo₂O₄ electrodes exhibit better electrocatalytic properties and higher mechanical stability. And the electrode prepared at 10 V for 5 min has the best electrocatalytic properties with the overpotential of only 0.203 V at current density of 100 mA cm⁻².     

N2O catalytic decomposition over various spinel-type oxides

Various spinel-type catalysts AB₂O₄ (where A = Mg, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Cr, Fe, Zn and B = Cr, Fe, Co) were prepared and characterized by XRD, BET, TEM and FESEM-EDS. The performance of these catalysts towards the decomposition of N₂O to N₂ and O₂ was evaluated in a temperature programmed reaction (TPR) apparatus in the absence and the presence of oxygen. Spinel-type oxides containing Co at the B site were found to provide the best activity. The half conversion temperature of nitrous oxide over the MgCo₂O₄ catalyst was 440 °C and 470 °C in the absence and presence of oxygen, respectively (GHSV = 80,000 h⁻¹).

On the grounds of temperature programmed oxygen desorption (TPD) analyses as well as of reactive runs, the prevalent activity of the MgCo₂O₄ catalyst could be explained by its higher concentration of suprafacial, weakly chemisorbed oxygen species, whose related vacancies contribute actively to nitrous oxide catalytic decomposition. This indicates the way for the development of new, more active catalysts, possibly capable of delivering at low temperatures amounts of these oxygen species even higher than those characteristic of MgCo₂O₄.     

丁二烯在Ni（naph）2—n—C4H9Li—BF3.OEt2催化体系中的引发聚合

本文报道Ni(naph)_2-n-C_4H_9Li-BF_3·OEt_2催化体系对丁二烯的聚合活性.发现.只有Ni(naph)_2与n-C_4H_9Li二元陈化方式有较好的聚合活性.聚合物的特性粘度[η]和5％苯乙烯的动力粘度(η_(c.p)均低.顺式-1,4结构含量约为94％.几乎不生成凝胶。     

电流密度和润湿剂对Ni镀层组织与形貌的影响

采用普通型瓦特液,按照不同的工艺参数在铜材表面电镀镍,通过SEM对镀层表面进行扫描观察和使用XRD测试对镀层表面进行检测,并且对不同样品数据进行对比和分析,从而达到研究电流密度及润湿剂对镀层沉积速度、表面显微形貌和晶粒尺寸的影响的目的.实验结果表明,电流密度的影响非常显著,不同电流密度下的镀层表面形貌和晶粒尺寸存在相应的差别.适量的润湿剂对镀层的沉积具有促进作用,对防止针孔的生成及细化晶粒具有明显的效果.     

镍阳极氧化膜形成和破坏过程的光电化学响应

测定了镍表面阳极氧化膜在ｐＨ＝８．４硼砂－硼酸缓冲溶液中不同电位下的光电流响应。基于阻抗测量结果的计算表明，钝化膜的平带电位和载流子密度分别为－０．６８Ｖ和１．３×１０（２０）ｃｍ（－３）。对钝化膜和高价氧化膜在形成、生长和破坏过程中的光电流变化进行了现场监测。     

An Innovative Methodology for the Performance Evaluation of Coated Cemented Carbide Inserts in Milling of Inconel 718

The performance of cemented carbide inserts coated with various PVD-films in milling Inconel 718 is evaluated by innovative analytical and experimental methods. Three PVD films with different micro and macro structures were applied. The coatings’ strength properties were detected by nanoindentations and by impact tests at various temperatures. These results were considered in FEM calculations of the material removal process to determine the mechanical and thermal loadings of the cutting wedge. Employing this innovative methodology, it is possible to capture proactively the effect of the cutting conditions on tool wear, thus reducing the effort dedicated in traditional sequential cutting experimentation.     

Power and Wheel Wear for Grinding Nickel Alloy with Plated CBN Wheels

Electroplated CBN grinding wheels are manufactured with a single layer of abrasive grains. The grinding performance of these plated wheels changes significantly as the wheel wears down. The present investigation was undertaken to understand the transient grinding behavior with electroplated CBN wheels in order to provide a logical basis for process control. In this paper, particular attention is directed to the effect of wheel wear and operating parameters on grinding of a nickel alloy. Wheels were worn to various stages and then used to perform grinding tests under various grinding conditions to measure grinding forces and power and to produce ground specimens. Based on models for grinding with conventional aluminum oxide wheels, a power model for grinding of a nickel alloy with plated CBN wheels was established and validated. Microscopic observations of the ground specimens reveal that thermal damage in the form of a White Etch Layer (WEL) appears only when grinding with a worn wheel under conditions that lead to high temperatures.     

Breakdown of passive film on nickel in borate solutions containing halide anions

The effect of Cl⁻, Br⁻ and I⁻ anions as aggressive agents on the anodic behaviour of nickel electrode in deaerated Na₂B₄O₇ solutions have been investigated by galvanostatic polarization technique. Lower concentrations of the halide anions have no effect on the mechanism of nickel passivation. An increase in the halide anions concentration causes oscillation of the potential in the oxygen evolution region. This could be attributed to the destruction of the passivity by halide anions and repassivation of the film by anodic current and/or OH⁻ anions. Higher aggressive anion concentrations cause breakdown of the passive film and initiated pitting corrosion. As the temperature increases, the breakdown potential is shifted towards the more negative direction. On the other hand, as the pH of the solution increases, the breakdown potential is shifted toward more positive direction, indicating increased protection of the passive film. The activation energy, , of the oxide film formation in the presence of Cl⁻ anions was calculated and was found to be 21 kJ/mol.     

提高铝合金上电镀镍层结合强度的研究

采用一步电镀镍和特殊铝合金表面预处理方法，获得高结合强度的电镀镍层。选用热震法测试铝合金基体与沉积镍层之间的结合强度，讨论了铝合金电沉积镍层厚度、温度、电流密度对结合强度的影响。试验结果表明，在采用低电流密度0．2－0．5A/dm^2，镀层厚度8－15μm，电镀液温度15－25℃条件下，电镀镍层与铝合金的结合强度最高。