Evaluating dynamic performance: The influence of salient Gestalt characteristics on performance ratings.

It is well recognized that performance changes over time. However, the effect of these changes on overall assessments of performance is largely unknown. In a laboratory experiment, we examined the influence of salient Gestalt characteristics of a dynamic performance profile on supervisory ratings. We manipulated performance trend (flat, linear-improving, linear-deteriorating, U-shaped, and ∩-shaped), performance variation (small, large), and performance mean (negative, zero, positive) within subjects and display format (graphic, tabular) between subjects. Participants received and evaluated information about the weekly performance of different employees over a simulated 26-week period. Results showed strong main effects on performance ratings of both performance mean and performance trend, as well as interactions with display format. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Context-gated knowledge partitioning in categorization.

According to the knowledge partitioning framework, people sometimes master complex tasks by creating multiple independent parcels of partial knowledge. Research has shown that knowledge parcels may contain mutually contradictory information, and that each parcel may be used without regard to knowledge that is demonstrably present in other parcels. This article reports 4 experiments that investigated knowledge partitioning in categorization. When component boundaries of a complex categorization were identified by a context cue, a significant proportion of participants learned partial and independent categorization strategies that were chosen on the basis of context. For those participants, a strategy used in one context was unaffected by knowledge demonstrably present in other contexts, suggesting that knowledge partitioning in categorization can be complete. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Performance of unitary heat pumps: review of ASHRAE Symposium session

1. 1. System design optimization and validation for single-speed heat pump by S.K. Fischer and C.K. Rice, Oak Ridge National Laboratories.

2. 2. Analysis of on/off cycling for an air-to-air heat pump operating in the heating mode by W.A. Miller, Oak Ridge National Laboratories.

3. 3. Field measured cycling, frosting and defrosting losses for a high efficiency air source heat pump by V.D. Baxter and J.C. Moyers, Oak Ridge National Laboratories.

4. 4. Design and available energy analysis of a heating-only residential heat pump for the Western Pacific Northwest by D.E. Elger, C.M. Reistad and S. Lang, Oregon State University.

5. 5. A study of heat pump service life by Nance C. Lovvorn, Alabama Power Company and Carl C. Hiller, Electric Power Research.

Estimating and eliminating redundant data transfers over the web: a fragment based approach

Redundant data transfers over the Web, can be mainly attributed to the repeated transfers of unchanged data. Web caches and Web proxies are some of the solutions that have been proposed, to deal with the issue of redundant data transfers. In this paper we focus on the efficient estimation and reduction of redundant data transfers over the Web. We first prove that a vast amount of redundant data is transferred in Web pages that are considered to carry fresh data. We show this by following an approach based on Web page fragmentation and manipulation. Web pages are broken down to fragments, based on specific criteria. We then deal with these fragments as independent constructors of the Web page and study their change patterns independently and in the context of the whole Web page. After the fragmentation process, we propose solutions for dealing with redundant data transfers. This paper has been based on our previous work on ‘Web Components’ but also on related work by other researchers. It utilises a proxy based, client/server architecture, and imposes changes to the algorithms executed on the Proxy server and on clients. We show that our proposed solution can considerably reduce the amount of redundant data transferred on the Web. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The accuracy of self-monitoring and its relationship to self-focused attention in dysphoria and clinical depression.

The accuracy with which dysphoric (Study 1) and clinically depressed (Study 2) individuals make self-regulatory judgments about their own performance in the absence of external feedback and the extent to which this relates to trait self-focused attention (SFA) were examined. Relative to objective criteria, both dysphoric and depressed participants showed a positive judgment bias, overestimating the number of trials they had performed correctly. Relative to control participants, the dysphoric and depressed groups showed a reduction in the extent of this positive bias in that they judged error trials more accurately and correct trials less accurately. Although the dysphoric and depressed groups both reported elevated trait SFA, this did not correlate significantly with accuracy of self-judgment on the performance-monitoring task. Implications for self-regulation models of depression are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

两缸天然气发动机工作均匀性分析

对一台火花点火式两缸天然气发动机进行了缸内示功图、进气压力波、空燃比、缸盖及活塞温度场和排放等项目的测试。试验和分析表明，两缸进气道中存在着明显的压力波动，波动程度取决于发动机工况。两缸混合气的质和量都不均匀，一缸空燃比偏浓，燃烧不完全，后燃倾向大；二缸空燃比较合适，燃烧过程较完善。两缸的尾气排放量相差不大。据此，可应用稀燃、快燃技术，以提高燃烧速度，改善燃烧过程；同时调整进气系统特性，将两缸混合气的质和量的不均匀性降到最低限度。     

海水介质中高活性镁合金负极的电化学性能

研制了一种新型镁合金负极材料；用电化学方法测定了镁合金负极在人造海水介质中的电化学性能，用浸泡法测定了材料在人造海水介质中的自腐蚀速度，用扫描电子显微镜观察了镁合金腐蚀后的表面形貌，并与AP65合金和纯镁进行了比较。结果表明，新研制的镁合金在人造海水介质中的开路电位增加，自腐蚀速度降低，稳定工作电位提高，电极表面腐蚀均匀，可开发用于高电性能电池的负极材料。     

鼓风引射式燃气燃烧器的计算

提出鼓风式射式燃气燃烧器的基本计算公式与计算结果，并进行结构尺寸与工况分析，确定各种因素对其的影响程度。     

片状陶瓷材料高低温电性能参数的自动检测

由进口电性能仪配上自制的高温系统，计算机自动采集数据，配置成一套高低温电性参数测定装置，该装置的特点是，升温快，炉体小巧，炉芯可更换盛液氮装置，屏蔽良好，等温区长，温工及参数测量精确可靠。     

具有再生反馈雷达的角跟踪性能闭环测试

本文论述了用雷达跟踪目标最大角速度和角加速表征具有再生反馈雷达角跟踪性能的合理性,并论述了用单片机测试雷达跟踪目标最大角速度和最大角加速的方法。