一株链霉菌发酵液的抗菌谱及稳定性

从土壤中分离得到一株放线菌菌株，杯碟法测定该菌株发酵液对14种植物病原真菌和两种植物病原细菌均有不同程度的抑菌活性，其中对烟草黑胫病菌和黄瓜菌核病菌的抑菌效果最好，抑菌圈直径达56．36mm和56．26mm。枯斑抑制法测定发酵液对TMV的抑制作用表明，发酵液对TMV有很好的钝化作用，发酵液与病毒汁液混合10min后接种，枯斑抑制率为93．88％，接种前24h处理和接种后24h处理的枯斑抑制率分别为87．93％和42．21％。通过对发酵液稳定性的初步研究，表明发酵液中的抗菌物质对温度、光照以及pH值变化都比较稳定。     

气相法改性纳米二氧化硅表面

采用硅烷偶联剂A-151处理的纳米二氧化硅粒子，具有良好的疏水性，并且反应副产物没有腐蚀性，有利于保护设备和环境保护。分别用表面羟基数、亲油化度等性能来表征改性纳米二氧化硅的效果。红外光谱分析表明A-151确实已经和纳米二氧化硅表明的羟基发生了化学反应，通过透射电镜研究发现改性后纳米二氧化硅在乙醇中达到纳米级的分散。     

含Fe~(3+)的酸液对钢铁的腐蚀作用及其抑制

钢铁制品的酸浸去除轧制铁鳞以及换热设备酸洗除锈除垢时有Fe~(3+)产生.通过恒电位法和失重法研究了含Fe~(3+)的酸液对钢铁的腐蚀作用及其抑制,结果表明:Fe~(3+)的存在会促进钢铁的腐蚀,一定结构的硫脲衍生物和阴离子表面活性剂之间存在协同效应,能有效地抑制氢离子放电的阴极过程和Fe~(3+)还原的阴极过程,从而抑制金属的腐蚀.     

PVC发泡制品用助剂--优泡剂

分析了PVC发泡制品成型加工时存在的缺陷,说明了添加优泡剂可弥补PVC发泡制品的缺陷,提高泡孔质量,介绍了优泡剂的品种和使用场合及使用量。     

脱硫吸附剂与吸附脱硫技术

综述了国内外原料气和燃料油吸附脱硫技术在吸附脱硫材料和吸附脱硫工艺方面的研究与开发进展。介绍了分子筛类、金属氧化物类、活性炭类等脱硫吸附剂。分别评述了物理吸附、活化吸附、选择性吸附等燃料油吸附脱硫技术的机理和工艺。     

水杨醛缩3-(5-取代苯基-1,3,4-(噁)二唑-2-亚甲硫基)-5-吡啶-3-基-1,2,4-三唑-4-胺席夫碱的合成及抗菌活性

3-(5-取代苯基-1,3,4-噁二唑-2-亚甲硫基)-5-吡啶-3-基-1,2,4-三唑-4-胺与水杨醛缩合制得相应的席夫碱类化合物,其结构经MS、IR、1HNMR和元素分析确证。用试管稀释试验法研究了目标化合物的体外抑菌活性,结果表明多数化合物在体外表现出较好的抑菌活性。     

Study of siloxane additives migration to the surface of polyester-(melamine)-polyurethane coatings: Aging effects after ethanol cleaning

This study determines the influences of siloxane flow agents’ migration on the outermost surface composition of clearcoats, before and after ethanol cleaning. This evaluation is undertaken to improve adhesion of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) on automotive paint systems. Most of the siloxane flow agents segregate from the bulk to the clearcoat outermost surface during curing. These additives can cover until 50% of the surface area but X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight-secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analyses indicate that they can be removed by ethanol cleaning. Composition of the cleaned clearcoats surfaces are similar as the composition of clearcoat formulated without siloxane additives: the polyester-(melamine)-polyurethane network is more detected than before cleaning. However, outermost surface analyses show that several aging weeks increase the siloxane additives segregation. This post-cleaning migration modifies the clearcoat surface composition and cancels the chemical modifications due to the ethanol cleaning. XPS analyses show that silicon concentrations after cleaning and aging are inversely proportional to the initial silicon concentrations measured after curing. It highlights that aging has to be controlled to improve adhesion of PSAs on clearcoats. A second ethanol cleaning on aged clearcoats is not effective to remove these new siloxane additives. Their formulation should be different from the flow agents and it could modify their solubility in ethanol. This result could also indicate that these new siloxane additives are not located on the last molecular layer of surface and they would not be soluble in ethanol.     

无机纳米材料的改性及其在纺织工业中的应用

选用硬脂酸和钛酸丁酯对纳米级ZnO，TiO2和无机抗菌粉体进行表面处理，使硬脂酸和钛酸丁酯包覆于粉体表面，不但解决了粉体的团聚问题，而且将粉体的表面由极性变为非极性，能很好地与纤维表面相结合。加入这类粉体生产的织物，经测试达到了较好的抗菌和抗紫外线的要求。     

DSC study of transitions involved in thermal treatment of foamable mixtures of PE and EVA copolymer with azodicarbonamide

The transitions and reactions involved in the thermal processing of binary mixtures of polyethylene and poly(ethylene‐co‐vinyl acetate) copolymers with different concentrations of a foaming agent (azodicarbonamide) were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effect of ZnO as a kicker also was discussed. The temperature at the maximum rate and the heat evolved were measured for all the processes—melting, transitions, and reactions—all the mixtures prepared were measured and compared. Azodicarbonamide decomposed differently depending on the polymeric matrix. These data can be very useful for the plastic processing industry. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2015–2025, 2006