透明成核剂作用下的聚丙烯共聚物的等温结晶形态

利用偏光显微镜观察了聚丙烯共聚物（CPP）在透明成核剂TM-3作用下的等温结晶形态。结果表明：随结晶时间延长，CPP的球晶尺寸变大，形态也趋于完善；结晶温度并非越高越有利，CPP样品在140℃的结晶形态最好；球晶尺寸随TM-3含量提高而有所减小，但含有TM-3的CPP样品能够形成比CPP本体更大、更完善的球晶。TM-3在CPP结晶过程中提供了少量而有效的晶核，使丙烯链段能够附着在上面进行生长。     

苯并呋喃酮在抑制聚丙烯降解过程中的作用

采用多次挤出的方法对三种不同结构苯并呋喃酮与受阻酚及亚磷酸酯的三元复配稳定体系在等规聚丙烯 (PP)中的稳定化作用进行了研究。结果表明:含5,7-二叔丁基-3-(3,4-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮 (OXBF1)的复配体系3#配方5次挤出之后的熔体流动速率相对于其同分异构体5,7-二叔丁基-3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮(PXBF1)、5,7-二叔丁基-3-(2,4-二甲基苯基)-3氢-苯并呋喃-2-酮 (MXBF1)复配体系的5#配方和6#配方分别下降了24．8％和26％;并且,其抑制所稳定PP加工发黄的作用优于其他两种结构,使得3#配方5次挤出之后的黄度指数(YI)相对于5#配方和6#配方分别下降了9．3％和11．9％;此外,亚磷酸酯对氢过氧化物的还原作用同样提高了苯并呋喃酮高温含氧条件下在PP中的热氧稳定化作用。     

Crystallization of poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) by exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets

Poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) has been shown to be efficiently nucleated by exfoliated graphite nanoplatelets (xGnP). The nucleating effect of xGnP was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Nonisothermal crystallization of PHB from the melt required lower activation energies for PHB containing 1 wt % and 3 wt % xGnP (?214 and ?102 kJ/mol respectively) than for pure PHB (?60 kJ/mol). A kinetic study of the PHB/xGnP crystallization employing a modified form of the Avrami equation revealed that the presence of xGnP increased the PHB crystallization temperature, as well as the crystallization rates, and generated smaller and more numerous spherulites. Optical microscopy and atomic force microscopy confirmed the incorporation of xGnP into the lamellar structure of the PHB spherulites and provided insight into the influence of xGnP on spherulite size and lamellae thickness. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

臭氧氧化处理法对聚丙烯表面涂装性的改良 Ⅱ.臭氧浓度及臭氧发生气组成对聚丙烯表面氧化过程的影响

讨论了用臭氧氧化法对聚丙烯表面进行涂装性改良时,臭氧浓度和臭氧发生气组成对聚丙烯表面氧化过程的影响。我们发现,随臭氧浓度的增加,各种聚丙烯表面上COOH基的生成速率变大,而OH基的生成速率变小,且表面上COOH基和OH基的生成比变大。在相同的臭氧浓度下,COOH基的生成速率和聚丙烯种类无关,各种聚丙烯表面上COOH的生成速率大体相等。而OH基的生成速率及COOH基、OH基生成比和聚丙烯的种类有关,就COOH基和OH基生成比而言,其大小顺序为均聚物>嵌段共聚物>无规共聚物。臭氧发生气组成对聚丙烯表面氧化过程有很大的影响。和臭氧发生气为空气时的情况相比,当臭氧发生气为氧气时,即使其体系中臭氧浓度的变化很小,也会引起较大的表面氧吸收量或表面氧化分解量的变化。     

DQ型高效催化剂在环管PP装置上的应用

介绍了使用DQ型球形高效催化剂在上海石油化工股份有限公司塑料事业部70kt/a环管连续法工业聚丙烯生产装置上应用研究的结果，并对结果进行了讨论。     

双功能受阻胺光稳定剂GW-540与紫外线吸收剂并用效应的研究

本文用IR、UV、SEM等方法,研究了双功能基受阻胺光稳定剂——三(1,2,2,6,6-五甲基-4-哌啶基)亚磷酸酯(GW-540),与紫外线吸收剂UV-531、UV-327并用时对聚丙烯的防光作用,结果表明:GW-540-UV-531并用体系有良好的防光作用,呈强的协同效应;GW-540-UV-327并用体系呈弱的对抗作用。结果还表明:GW-540对531和327的光分解均有保护作用.电镜研究表明,加入GW-540后,使UV-327在聚丙烯中分散更不均匀,从而影响其效率的发挥。文中提出了两个体系的协同和对抗作用机理。     

The effect of specific β‐nucleation on morphology and mechanical behavior of isotactic polypropylene

The commercial grade of isotactic polypropylene was modified by a specific β‐nucleating agent in a broad concentration range. The supermolecular structure of the specimens prepared by injection molding was characterized by X‐ray scattering and correlated with mechanical behavior. It was found that at a critical nucleant concentration of 0.03 wt % the content of the β‐modification virtually reaches a saturation level. With further addition of the nucleant, the β‐phase content increases only slightly. The long period passes through a distinct maximum at the same nucleant concentration. This singularity in structure remarkably correlates with a minimum of the yield stress and maxima of strain at break and fracture toughness. Such general behavior is also reflected in the correlation between the β‐phase concentration and fracture toughness profiles along the injection‐molded bars. It is suggested that in the critically nucleated material an optimum thickness of the amorphous interlayer with connecting chains between the β‐crystallites is established, rendering the material the highest possible ductility and toughness. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 1174–1184, 2002     

High resolution solid state 13C n.m.r. of butadiene grafted polypropylene

¹H dipolar decoupled ¹³C n.m.r. experiments with the aid of the magic angle spinning technique have been used to determine the graft content and the isomer content of the polybutadiene grafts in a graft copolymer with isotactic polypropylene.     

液相本体法聚丙烯工业废水排放的优化

通过对聚丙烯工业废水排放问题的研究探讨,提出了相应的工艺优化方案,并在生产中予以实施。结果表明:在一定程度上降低了废水排放量;实现了工业用水循环使用的目的。     

氯化聚丙烯改性胶粘剂的合成及粘附性能研究

以甲苯为溶剂，过氧化二苯甲酰(BP0)为引发剂，通过自由基聚合，采用甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯(HEMA)和苯乙烯(St)接枝改性氯化聚丙烯(CPP)。研究了不同苯乙烯用量、不同反应温度、不同反应时间、不同引发剂用量对改性氯化聚丙烯胶粘剂粘附性能的影响，得出较佳的工艺条件为反应温度90℃，反应时问2h，原料配比m(CPP)：m(HEMA)：m(St)：m(BPO)=50：0．5：0．6：0．15。