数据挖掘技术在兰花离体繁殖中的应用研究

本文研究数据挖掘技术的基本原理、常用算法、实践步骤与技巧,为提高兰花离体繁殖效率提供决策性的参考依据。分析了数据挖掘在兰花离体繁殖中的重要性,阐述了其研究现状中存在的主要问题,重点探讨了数据挖掘的应用步骤和方法。     

Measurement of Barley Grain Rheology for the Quality Selection of Breeding Material

The Single‐Kernel Characterization System (SKCS) 4100 was used to test whole grain barley from a replicated breeding trial across two environments and two seasons. Hardness was calculated from a crush response profile of the resistance to shell and endosperm crushing as a function of time. This rheological data recovered was averaged over 300 grains for each sample then partitioned into genetic, environmental and error components in order to calculate the genetic components and heritability. The results demonstrated a high level of genetic variance for all rheological parameters at all sites and years. In addition, the heritability was also moderate to high (68% to 90%) for the SKCS hardness and the rheological parameters that had been previously shown to provide information about endosperm modification during malting. Since the rheological information is recovered for individual grains within a sample, the SKCS 4100 may provide a new tool for screening breeding material for uniformity of quality.     

Comparative study of the aromatic profiles of two different plum species: Prunus salicina Lindl and Prunus simonii L

Volatile compounds of two plum species (Prunus salicina Lindl and Prunus simonii L) were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry using simultaneous vacuum distillation extraction. Aroma patterns were identified and quantified. A total of 60 compounds were identified, of which 23 were unique to P simonii. The profile of P simonii, as well as a study of the odor unit values of some identified compounds, indicated a much stronger aroma than P salicina. Hexyl acetate, which produces a characteristic apple aroma, was present in P simonii at levels 50-fold higher than in the studied cultivars of P salicina.     

油菜转基因育种研究进展

简要介绍了国外油菜转基因育种情况，包括除草剂抗性基因，病原菌抗性基因，耐重金属基因，影响种子贮藏产物基因，影响繁殖特性基因，医药和工业产品基因，以及启动子调节基因等。较详细介绍了湖南农业大学在Bt毒蛋白基因转化甘蓝型油菜育成抗虫新品系、基因工程雄性不育系、恢复系选育和杂种优势利用，以及反义FAD2基因转化甘蓝型油菜双低品种提高油酸含量的研究结果；浙江省农科院利用反义PEP基因转化甘蓝型油菜提高种子含油量的研究结果。     

Nuclear design of a heliotron-H fusion power reactor

Nuclear analysis was carried out for the heliotron-H fusion power reactor employing anl=2 helical heliotron field. The neutronics aspects examined were (a) tritium breeding capability, (b) shielding effectiveness for the superconducting magnet (SCM), and (c) induced activity after shutdown. In this reactor design of the heliotron-H, the space available for the blanket and shield is limited due to the reactor geometry. Thus, some parametric survey calculations were performed to satisfy the design requirements. The nucleonic design features of the heliotron-H are as follows. An adequate tritium breeding ratio of 1.17 is obtained when a 10-cm thick Pb neutron multiplier and a 40-cm thick Li₂O breeding blanket are used. In this case, the total nuclear energy deposition is 16.10 MeV per 14.06 MeV incident neutron. The performance of the SCM is assured during 2 yr of continuous operation using a 20-cm thick tungsten shield. Biological dose rate behind the SCM at 1 day after shutdown is too high for hands-on maintenance.     

不同年代水稻品种齐穗后叶片保护酶活性及膜脂过氧化作用比较分析

以辽宁省20世纪70年代以来有代表性的4个水稻主栽品种和新育成的水稻超高产品种为试材，比较分析齐穗后叶片中保护酶活性的变化，结果表明：随品种更替叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性增加，膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量减少，这种趋势在倒3叶上尤为突出。表明超高产品种清除活性氧的能力增强，尤其是下位功能叶片，且在籽粒灌浆的中后期更为显。     

煤矿开采沉陷复垦土地种养殖试验研究

按照生态农业的原则对复垦后的土地进行了综合种养殖试验，取得了较好的经济效果和生态效益，有利于煤矿的可持续发展．     

利用原生质体融合和诱变育种技术选育高酶活菌株

以白曲霉(Aspergillus kawachii )基因工程菌TR12和黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)34309为出发菌株，分别用纤维素酶和纤维素酶、溶菌酶的混合酶液制得了两个亲本的原生质体。在研究了培养时间、培养方法、酶解时间、酶解液的配比等条件对原生质体产量影响的基础上，以PDG诱导进行了原生质体的融合，并进行了紫外线照射的诱变育种。通过比较在菌落外观、颜色及形态上与白曲霉和黑曲霉菌株的不同，以及进行分离培养和液态培养摇瓶筛选，获得了一株具有较高酶活力的新菌株，其耐酸性α-淀粉酶活性和糖化酶活性分别达到91．2u／ml和3216．2u／ml的水平。     

β-环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶高产菌株02-5-71的选育及发酵条件研究

应用氮离子注入对嗜碱芽孢杆菌进行诱变育种,获得了产生β-环糊精葡萄糖基转移酶是出发菌株2倍以上的高产菌株,酶活力可达6000U/mL以上.应用正交实验法筛选出最优发酵条件.     

空间生物学研究进展

回顾了空间生物学的发展过程,对空间生物学的主要研究内容和目前的进展进行了综述.从航天医学、空间生物工程和空间诱变育种3个方面总结了空间生物学的研究内容,重点论述了航天育种方面的研究,并对空间生物学的发展前景做了展望.