基于光滑二阶滑模的可重复使用运载器有限时间再入姿态控制

针对可重复使用运载器(reusable launch vehicle,RLV)的六自由度再入模型,考虑模型不确定和外界干扰对再入姿态控制的影响,提出了一种非线性鲁棒控制策略.首先,根据多时间尺度特性将RLV的再入姿态模型分为姿态角子系统和姿态角速率子系统.其次,对每个子系统分别设计光滑二阶滑模控制器和滑模干扰观测器实现子系统的有限时间稳定.利用干扰观测器可以实现对不确定和外界干扰的精确估计,从而对控制器进行有效的补偿.进而,基于Lyapunov理论证明了整个系统的有限时间稳定.最后,通过仿真验证了提出的控制策略具有良好的控制性能和鲁棒性.     

四旋翼飞行器的自抗扰飞行控制方法

针对四旋翼飞行器参数不确定性和外部干扰敏感的问题,本文提出一种基于自抗扰控制器的控制系统设计方法.在为期望姿态和高度安排过渡过程的基础上,设计了扩张状态观测器对内扰和外扰进行估计并实时补偿,能够很好地克服飞行器的强耦合性、模型不确定性以及风速变化等外部干扰问题.此外本文还设计了非线性状态误差反馈控制律来有效抑制跟踪误差.在仿真平台上对自抗扰控制系统进行稳定控制、姿态跟踪、高度控制、抗扰性及鲁棒性实验,并与串级PID控制系统进行定量对比分析.仿真结果表明,本文所设计的自抗扰控制器不仅能够很好地估计并补偿系统所受内外部干扰,而且对四旋翼飞行器参数的不确定性具有较强的鲁棒性,能够满足飞行器姿态调节快速和高稳定度的控制要求,性能指标明显优于串级PID控制器.     

输入饱和与姿态受限的四旋翼无人机反步姿态控制

本文针对四旋翼无人机研究了鲁棒反步姿态控制策略.由于四旋翼无人机结构复杂,其非线性数学模型难以精确建立,因此在控制器设计过程中需要综合考虑模型不确定性、未知外部干扰、输入饱和以及姿态受限等因素.针对模型中的不确定项,使用神经网络进行逼近;对于外部未知干扰,使用非线性干扰观测器进行补偿;使用双曲正切函数逼近饱和函数,解决输入饱和问题;同时使用界限Lyapunov函数设计控制器,确保姿态满足限制条件.最后,设计四旋翼无人机反步姿态控制器,并根据Lyapunov稳定性定理证明了闭环控制系统的有界稳定.仿真结果表明了所研究控制方法的有效性.     

独轮机器人的建模与自抗扰控制算法

独轮机器人前后平衡由一车轮保持并驱动其前后运动, 侧向平衡则由一基于空气阻力的风轮保持, 以此结构为被控对象建立该系统动力学模型. 以一种非线性的控制方法—–自抗扰控制方法控制其平衡运动, 在系统的纵向和侧向上分别设计一个自抗扰控制器, 系统的内扰和外扰被视为自抗扰控制器的总扰动. 以PID 控制方法作对比实验, 仿真结果表明了自抗扰控制算法的强鲁棒性和有效性.

     

Semi‐global output consensus of a group of linear systems in the presence of external disturbances and actuator saturation: An output regulation approach

This paper studies the problem of semi‐global leader‐following output consensus of a multi‐agent system. The output of each follower agent in the system, described by a same general linear system subject to external disturbances and actuator saturation, is to track the output of the leader, described by a linear system, which also generates disturbances as the exosystem does in the classical output regulation problem. Conditions on the agent dynamics are identified, under which a low‐gain feedback‐based linear state‐control algorithm is constructed for each follower agent such that the output consensus is achieved when the communication topology among the agents is a digraph containing no loop, and the leader is reachable from any follower agent. We also extend the results to the non‐identical disturbance case. In this case, conditions based on both the agent dynamics and the communication topology are identified, under which a low‐gain feedback‐based linear state‐control algorithm is constructed for each follower agent such that the leader‐following output consensus is achieved when the communication topology among the follower agents is a strongly connected and detailed balanced digraph, and the leader is a neighbor of at least one follower. In addition, under some further conditions on the agent dynamics, the control algorithm is adapted so as to achieve semi‐global leader‐following output consensus for a jointly connected undirected graph and the leader reachable from at least one follower. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimality of robust disturbance‐feedback strategies

In this paper, robust disturbance‐feedback strategies for finite time‐horizon problems are studied. Linear discrete‐time systems subject to linear control, state constraints, and quadratic objective functions are considered. In addition, persistent disturbances, which enter the system additively and are contained in a polytopic set, act on the system. The synthesis of robust strategies leads in the case of the traditional robust state‐feedback and open‐loop min–max strategies to, respectively, nonconvex problems or conservatism. However, robust disturbance‐feedback problems can easily be reformulated as convex problems and solved by tractable linear matrix inequalities. Hence this approach bypasses the nonconvexity issue while maintaining the advantages of feedback strategies. As a key result, it is shown that both sources of conservatism attributed to this approach, namely, the relaxation method and the affine parametrization, can be removed at the expense of an increase in computational effort. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Exponential synchronization of nonlinear multi‐agent systems with time delays and impulsive disturbances

The problem of cooperative synchronization of nonlinear multi‐agent systems with time delays is investigated in this paper. Compared with the existing works about synchronization (or consensus) of multi‐agent systems, the method in this paper provides a more general framework by considering nonlinear multi‐agent systems with time delays and impulsive disturbances. The model in this paper is sufficiently general to include a class of delayed chaotic systems. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and algebraic graph theory, sufficient conditions are presented to guarantee the cooperative exponential synchronization for these multi‐agent delayed nonlinear systems. These conditions are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which can easily be checked by existing software tools. It is seen that the Lyapunov functions must be constructed based on the graph topology to prove synchronization. The well‐known master–slave (drive‐response) synchronization of two chaotic delayed systems is a special case of this paper, and therefore, the results in this paper are also useful for practical applications in secure communication. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization control algorithm. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Active disturbance rejection control approach to stabilization of lower triangular systems with uncertainty

In this paper, we apply the active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) to stabilization for lower triangular nonlinear systems with large uncertainties. We first design an extended state observer (ESO) to estimate the state and the uncertainty, in real time, simultaneously. The constant gain and the time‐varying gain are used in ESO design separately. The uncertainty is then compensated in the feedback loop. The practical stability for the closed‐loop system with constant gain ESO and the asymptotic stability with time‐varying gain ESO are proven. The constant gain ESO can deal with larger class of nonlinear systems but causes the peaking value near the initial stage that can be reduced significantly by time‐varying gain ESO. The nature of estimation/cancelation makes the ADRC very different from high‐gain control where the high gain is used in both observer and feedback. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Boundary control of an axially moving accelerated/decelerated belt system

In this paper, a boundary controller with disturbance observer is proposed for the vibration suppression of an axially moving belt system. The model of the belt system is described by a nonhomogeneous partial differential equation and a set of ordinary differential equations with consideration of the high‐acceleration/deceleration and unknown spatiotemporally varying distributed disturbance. Applying the finite‐dimensional backstepping control and Lyapunov's direct method, a boundary controller is developed to stabilize the belt system at the small neighborhood of its equilibrium position and a disturbance observer is introduced to attenuate the effect of unknown external disturbance. The S‐curve acceleration/deceleration method is adopted to plan the speed of the belt. With the proposed control scheme, the spillover instability problems are avoided, the uniform boundedness and the stability of the closed‐loop belt system can be achieved. Simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

带有多非线性干扰观测器的电液伺服反演控制

针对高阶不匹配不确定非线性电液伺服系统,提出一种动态面反演控制策略,以实现对电液伺服系统的位置控制.采用多个非线性干扰观测器观测出电液伺服系统的各阶子系统的不确定项和干扰项,对使用非线性干扰观测器后的系统实行反演控制,使用动态面方法来解决传统反演控制中虚拟控制量随着系统阶数的增加而愈加繁杂的问题.基于Lyapunov方法从理论上证明了所设计的系统控制器能够保证闭环系统有界稳定,系统中所有信号是一致最终有界的,仿真结果验证了反演控制方法的正确性.