并行遗传算法下的农业业务外包伙伴选择

供应链管理环境下的业务外包模式为企业建立和提高自身的竞争优势提供了一种新的途径。其中,合作伙伴的选择是业务外包成功与否的关键因素。分析了农业产品加工业业务外包合作伙伴选择问题,给出了伙伴选择的多目标模型,提出了用一种自适应并行遗传算法来解决伙伴选择的问题,在增强和保持种群多样性的同时,表现出了较好的搜索性能。     

啤麦质量的选择和评价

麦芽作为啤酒酿造的主要原料,对啤酒的生产、成本和产品质量起到比较重要的作用.本文从麦芽可能对啤酒产生的各项影响出发,论述了啤酒工厂在选择外购麦芽和制定外购麦芽质量标准时需要掌握的原则和建立外购麦芽评价体系要遵循的程序,并在此基础上,完善从大麦到啤酒的全面的质量管理工作.     

The Need for Greater Transparency When Assessing the Performance and Prospects of Melbourne’s Rail Franchise Contracts

Among policymakers and researchers at an international level, there is great interest in the performance of the Melbourne rail franchise model. This review attempts to examine the Melbourne model in an international context and assess the performance of the system under current contracts. Potential flaws are highlighted including lack of information, concerns over performance and contestability, and the treatment of the potential long-term maintenance backlog under short-term contracts. The authors conclude with an overall stance of there needing to be far greater public information transparency to allow proper scrutiny of the effectiveness of these contracts for the public good.     

The changing geography and ownership of value creation: evidence from mobile telecommunications

Through an innovative trade-in-task case study, we explore how Nokia, which is historically one of the most important mobile phone manufacturers in the world, offshored the development and production of three distinct mobile phones at three different points in time. Adjacent to these processes, we find that the value creation in areas such as design and manufacturing knowledge has rapidly shifted away from advanced economies to emerging economies. Moreover, we find that the value added captured by Nokia decreased dramatically over the studied time period. Based on our results, we uss more generally the challenge of multinational corporations to preserve value and how the realisation of the benefits of offshoring must be assessed with respect to the altered requirements for controlling value-adding activities.     

基于制造联盟的采购管理过程优化研究

大规模定制生产模式下,联盟企业的采购管理与传统ERP中的采购管理有所不同。它不仅要求更加快速、敏捷,而且能够体现精益生产的思想。文中建立了基于联盟企业的采购业务功能模型,并给出了采购入库批量入账算法,为联盟企业的采购业务提供更加有效的决策支持。     

转包商选择与单机批调度联合优化

面向多转包商的外包选择是当今制造企业面临的一大运营管理挑战. 它与内部作业调度的一体化决策对企业降本增效至关重要. 本文针对有多个转包商可供作业外包选择的单机批调度联合优化问题, 在外包总成本和外包作业最晚交付期均受上限前提下建立以最小化外包总成本与内部批加工总成本之和为目标的0-1整数规划模型, 并为该问题设计了改进型遗传算法和贪婪算法. 以某陶瓷企业的外包与批调度联合决策场景为实例, 对比分析了这两种算法的求解性能, 发现改进型遗传算法在求解质量和时间上具有比较优势. 在模型的灵敏度实验分析中发现, 外包作业最晚交付期对作业运营总成本有显著影响, 而作业外包总成本的给定上限值对作业运营总成本的影响不显著.     

移动云环境下高效属性基加密方案研究

目前适应移动云的属性基加密研究主要集中在单一机构,并不满足现实中的属性授权情况。针对以上问题提出了一个新的多机构属性基加密方案,该方案无中央权威,各授权机构可互不影响,分发的属性可添加;利用预计算、外包解密的方法降低用户端的计算开销;方案在随机预言模型下证明是静态安全的。实验结果表明,移动端在云环境下实施数据共享时,该方案可以减少移动设备端20%的计算开销,更符合于移动云环境实际应用场景。     

移动云环境下的多授权机构属性基加密方案

针对移动云数据的访问控制进行了研究,提出一种高效的、无需CA的多授权机构密文策略属性基加密方案。通过借助外部资源,在数据加密和解密过程分别增加预加密操作和可验证外包解密操作,从而降低用户的加解密计算量,并采用双因子身份认证机制实现对用户的匿名认证。安全性分析表明,新方案基于判断性q-BDHE（decisional q-parallel Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent）假设可证明是选择明文安全的,并且方案能够抵抗合谋攻击。仿真实验表明,新方案有效降低了数据加密、解密的计算开销以及对密文的通信开销。因此,新方案能够实现对移动云数据安全、高效的访问控制。     

Modes of inbound knowledge flows: are cooperation and outsourcing really complementary?

This study examines the relationship between breadths of two different modes of external knowledge: R&D outsourcing and cooperation. Building upon transaction costs literature and literature on research partner breadth and R&D outsourcing, we hypothesise an U-inverted relationship between outsourcing breadth and innovation performance and a complementary relationship between R&D outsourcing and R&D cooperation. The model is tested on a large sample based on CIS survey for Spain. The empirical analysis confirms the U-inverted relationship between outsourcing breadth and innovation and also reveals an interesting result: the complementary effect of R&D cooperation varies with the level of R&D outsourcing breadth and it is not confirmed for low and medium levels of R&D outsourcing breadth. The results have important implications for theory on the selection of different modes of inbound open innovation and for managers and their cooperation and outsourcing strategies.     

Conjunct roles of client and vendor control in offshore-outsourced project performance

This study explores the conjunct roles of a series of formal and informal control mechanisms exerted, respectively, by client and vendor in offshore-outsourced project performance. Using a sample of 203 offshore projects executed by vendors in China, the results indicate that client process control enhances (or complements) the effect of vendor outcome control, yet impairs (or substitutes) the effect of vendor process control. Conversely, client outcome control enhances (or complements) the effect of vendor process control, yet impairs (or substitutes) the effect of vendor outcome control. Further, for the two informal control mechanisms, the results indicate that client relational control enhances (or complements) the effects of both vendor process and outcome control, whereas vendor clan control only enhances (or complements) the effect of client outcome control on offshore-outsourced project performance. These findings not only contribute new insights for the organisational control and the outsourcing literature, but also provide managerial guidance for client and vendor managers on how to exert and fine-tune their control mechanisms to promote project performance.