A single-element thermographic system with laser scanning

A new operating principle for apparatus for the qualitative two-dimensional remote analysis of thermal phenomena is considered. The apparatus enables the thermal distribution of objects to be visualized in the medium infrared frequency spectrum and possesses spatial resolving power when detecting a point object approximately two orders of magnitude higher compared with the classical case. Translated from Izmeritel'naya Tekhnika, No. 11, pp. 46–50, November, 2008.     

可在轨溯源的太阳反射波段光学遥感仪器辐射定标基准传递链路

分析了现行光学遥感仪器辐射定标方法的局限性,以满足定量化遥感的精度及多数据融合比对研究的需求。设计了以空间低温辐射计为初级辐射基准,以太阳为光源,包括太阳单色仪、太阳光谱仪、传递辐射计、太阳漫反射板等组件在内的可在轨溯源的光学遥感仪器辐射定标基准传递链路。首先以低温辐射计和太阳光源建立的光谱辐射基准定标传递辐射计和太阳光谱仪;然后利用传递辐射计定标太阳漫反射板,建立对地光谱辐亮度基准;继而将基准传递至地球光谱成像仪作为对地观测标准,从而实现对其它卫星光学遥感器的交叉定标。对光学遥感仪器辐射定标基准传递链路各个环节的分析显示,辐射定标基准传递链路的测量相对不确定度为0.75%。结果表明,以此辐射基准传递链路构建覆盖我国空天一体的遥感定标网络可为建立平行于地面基准体系的空间数据质量保障体系奠定技术基础。     

The use of fixed points based on metal-carbon eutectic alloys to increase the accuracy of measurements in the temperature range above 1357.77 K

It is shown that it is possible in practice to use high-temperature models of black bodies based on phase transitions of metal-carbon eutectics for radiometry, radiation thermometry, and photometry. __________ Translated from Izmeritel’naya Tekhnika, No. 2, pp. 51–54, February, 2007.     

Low-Contrast Thermal Resolution Test Targets: A New Approach

A new type of thermal resolution test target optimized to minimize the effects of lateral thermal gradients at low thermal contrast is described. This target consists of thin-film inconel heater strips over an etched silica substrate bonded to an aluminum heat sink. A simple, finite-difference model is used to study how variations in target construction and materials affect the generated thermal resolution test pattern. The construction, testing, and use of this type of target to extend the lower end of the contrast range of a conventional target are described.     

PTR技术中光热信号的频率特性

讨论了各种情况下样品前表面和后表面光热信号的频率特性,并给出部份情况下的实验验证。     

Radiometric Measurement Comparison on the Integrating Sphere Source Used to Calibrate the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+)

As part of a continuing effort to validate the radiometric scales assigned to integrating sphere sources used in the calibration of Earth Observing System (EOS) instruments, a radiometric measurement comparison was held in May 1998 at Raytheon/Santa Barbara Remote Sensing (SBRS). This comparison was conducted in support of the calibration of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) instruments. The radiometric scale assigned to the Spherical Integrating Source (SIS100) by SBRS was validated through a comparison with radiometric measurements made by a number of stable, well-characterized transfer radiometers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Goddard Space Flight Center (NASA’s GSFC), and the University of Arizona Optical Sciences Center (UA). The measured radiances from the radiometers differed by ±3 % in the visible to near infrared when compared to the SBRS calibration of the sphere, and the overall agreement was within the combined uncertainties of the individual measurements. In general, the transfer radiometers gave higher values than the SBRS calibration in the near infrared and lower values in the blue. The measurements of the radiometers differed by ±4 % from 800 nm to 1800 nm compared to the SBRS calibration of the sphere, and the overall agreement was within the combined uncertainties of the individual measurements for wavelengths less than 2200 nm. The results of the radiometric measurement comparison presented here supplement the results of previous measurement comparisons on the integrating sphere sources used to calibrate the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Pasadena, CA and the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) at NEC Corporation, Yokohama, Japan.     

微机控制的光热辐射技术测量金属的热扩散系数

介绍用光热辐射技术测量材料热扩散系数的基本原理和微机控制测量装置，给出了几种常见金属材料热扩散系数的测量结果，并对影响测量结果的因素进行了讨论，实验结果表明，该技术是一种快速测量材料热学性质的有效手段。     

浓海雾空中隐身目标无源毫米波探测

研究了空中隐身目标的毫米波辐射特性,分析了浓海雾对毫米波辐射信号的衰减,并对无源毫米波辐射计阵列探测热辐射源的性能进行了分析。在理论建模的基础上针对一维32通道8 mm辐射计阵列探测空中隐身目标进行了仿真实验,结果表明毫米波辐射计阵列在浓海雾气候条件下探测空中隐身目标是一种非常有效的手段。     

发光二极管在光学辐射测量中的应用及进展

发光二极管(LEDl是一种半导体固体发光器件,在可见一近红外波段的光辐射测量和光电探测器的定标中,显示出高辐射亮度、高电光转换效率、可组合调配光谱分布、发光性能稳定等独特优点,可作为辐射度学、光度学和色度学研究的新型参考光源.同时因为体积小、功耗低,它在卫星遥感器的星上定标等领域正在获得越米越多的应用.简要综述近年来发光二极管在光辐射测量中的应用以及国内外这一领域的进展,展示了其广泛的应用前景.     

A superconducting wavelength shifter as primary radiometric source standard in the X-ray range

For more than 20 years, the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) has been using the calculable radiation of bending magnets from the BESSY I and BESSY II electron storage rings in the visible, UV, vacuum-UV (VUV) and X-ray spectral range for radiometry, especially for the calibration of radiation sources and energy-dispersive detectors. Due to its—compared to bending magnets—higher magnetic field, wavelength shifters (WLS) have the potential to extend the usable spectral range for these applications to higher photon energies. Thus, the characteristic energies of BESSY II bending magnet radiation and a 6 T WLS radiation are 2.5 and 11.5 keV, respectively. Within the scope of this work, the properties of the synchrotron radiation from the 6 T WLS have been investigated and compared to theoretical predictions for photon energies up to 150 keV. Good agreement within the experimental uncertainty of several percent was found. Further improvements for a future radiometric use of WLS radiation with low uncertainties will be discussed.